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TOEFL iBT® Technical Manual. TOEFL® Research Series. RR-106. ETS Research Report. RR-25-12

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Title: TOEFL iBT® Technical Manual. TOEFL® Research Series. RR-106. ETS Research Report. RR-25-12
Language: English
Authors: Venessa F. Manna, Shuhong Li, Spiros Papageorgiou, Lixiong Gu
Source: ETS Research Report Series. Oct 2025.
Availability: ETS. Rosedale Road, Mailstop 19R, Princeton, NJ 08541. Tel: 609-921-9000; Fax: 609-734-5410; e-mail: RDweb@ets.org; Web site: https://www.ets.org/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 68
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Guides - Non-Classroom
Reports - Descriptive
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Language Tests, Test Construction, Scoring, Test Reliability, Test Validity, Error of Measurement, Testing, Test Items, Test Interpretation, Scoring Rubrics
Assessment and Survey Identifiers: Test of English as a Foreign Language
ISSN: 2330-8516
Abstract: This technical manual describes the purpose and intended uses of the TOEFL iBT test, its target test-taker population, and relevant language use domains. The test design and scoring procedures are presented first, followed by a research agenda intended to support the interpretation and use of test scores. Given the updates to the test starting January 2026, this technical manual is intended to serve as an overview and rationale for the test design as well as a reference point for informing investigations of validity evidence to support the intended test uses over time. Designed as a living document, this manual will be updated as the test's design, administration, scoring, and evidence of measurement quality (including reliability, validity, and fairness) evolve, along with its intended uses.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1487502
Database: ERIC
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  Data: This technical manual describes the purpose and intended uses of the TOEFL iBT test, its target test-taker population, and relevant language use domains. The test design and scoring procedures are presented first, followed by a research agenda intended to support the interpretation and use of test scores. Given the updates to the test starting January 2026, this technical manual is intended to serve as an overview and rationale for the test design as well as a reference point for informing investigations of validity evidence to support the intended test uses over time. Designed as a living document, this manual will be updated as the test's design, administration, scoring, and evidence of measurement quality (including reliability, validity, and fairness) evolve, along with its intended uses.
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        PageCount: 68
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