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Exploration of Primary School Students' Metacognitive Thinking Processes in Solving Problems

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Title: Exploration of Primary School Students' Metacognitive Thinking Processes in Solving Problems
Language: English
Authors: Wahyu Purwaningsih, Sugiman Sugiman, Haryanto Haryanto
Source: Mathematics Teaching Research Journal. 2025 17(5):52-84.
Availability: City University of New York. Creative Commons. 205 East 42 Street, New York, NY 10017. Web site: https://mtrj.commons.gc.cuny.edu/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 33
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Tests/Questionnaires
Education Level: Elementary Education
Grade 5
Intermediate Grades
Middle Schools
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Metacognition, Cognitive Processes, Grade 5, Foreign Countries, Problem Solving, Thinking Skills, Mathematics Education
Geographic Terms: Indonesia
ISSN: 2573-4377
Abstract: This study aims to investigate the thinking process of primary school students when solving mathematical problems. It used a qualitative case study approach. The researcher administered a metacognitive test to 30 fifth-grade students in Yogyakarta and selected three focal participants based on their performance in planning, monitoring, and evaluating metacognitive problem-solving indicators. Data were collected through students' metacognitive problem-solving tasks and interviews, employing mathematical metacognitive capability tests and semistructured interview guidelines. After students completed the given problems, cognitive interviews were conducted to capture their thinking processes during problem-solving. These interviews were conducted individually, involving only the researcher and the participant. The researcher employed cross-sectional data analysis and focus group discussions (FGDs) to ensure data validity. The results indicate that students exhibit two distinct thinking processes when solving complex mathematical problems. Students undergo metacognitive thinking processes in problem-solving, which can result in either correct or incorrect answers. Students with high metacognitive abilities demonstrate effective use of metacognitive skills, as evidenced by clear and structured problem-solving strategies. Conversely, those with low metacognitive abilities struggle to apply these skills effectively.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1491517
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
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  Data: Exploration of Primary School Students' Metacognitive Thinking Processes in Solving Problems
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wahyu+Purwaningsih%22">Wahyu Purwaningsih</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sugiman+Sugiman%22">Sugiman Sugiman</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Haryanto+Haryanto%22">Haryanto Haryanto</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Mathematics+Teaching+Research+Journal%22"><i>Mathematics Teaching Research Journal</i></searchLink>. 2025 17(5):52-84.
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  Data: City University of New York. Creative Commons. 205 East 42 Street, New York, NY 10017. Web site: https://mtrj.commons.gc.cuny.edu/
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  Data: 33
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Education%22">Elementary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+5%22">Grade 5</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Intermediate+Grades%22">Intermediate Grades</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Middle+Schools%22">Middle Schools</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elementary+School+Students%22">Elementary School Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metacognition%22">Metacognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+Processes%22">Cognitive Processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grade+5%22">Grade 5</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Problem+Solving%22">Problem Solving</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thinking+Skills%22">Thinking Skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematics+Education%22">Mathematics Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Indonesia%22">Indonesia</searchLink>
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  Data: 2573-4377
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: This study aims to investigate the thinking process of primary school students when solving mathematical problems. It used a qualitative case study approach. The researcher administered a metacognitive test to 30 fifth-grade students in Yogyakarta and selected three focal participants based on their performance in planning, monitoring, and evaluating metacognitive problem-solving indicators. Data were collected through students' metacognitive problem-solving tasks and interviews, employing mathematical metacognitive capability tests and semistructured interview guidelines. After students completed the given problems, cognitive interviews were conducted to capture their thinking processes during problem-solving. These interviews were conducted individually, involving only the researcher and the participant. The researcher employed cross-sectional data analysis and focus group discussions (FGDs) to ensure data validity. The results indicate that students exhibit two distinct thinking processes when solving complex mathematical problems. Students undergo metacognitive thinking processes in problem-solving, which can result in either correct or incorrect answers. Students with high metacognitive abilities demonstrate effective use of metacognitive skills, as evidenced by clear and structured problem-solving strategies. Conversely, those with low metacognitive abilities struggle to apply these skills effectively.
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  Data: 2026
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  Label: Accession Number
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  Data: EJ1491517
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 33
        StartPage: 52
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Elementary School Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Metacognition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cognitive Processes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Grade 5
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Problem Solving
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thinking Skills
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mathematics Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Indonesia
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Exploration of Primary School Students' Metacognitive Thinking Processes in Solving Problems
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          Name:
            NameFull: Wahyu Purwaningsih
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            NameFull: Sugiman Sugiman
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            NameFull: Haryanto Haryanto
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            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 2573-4377
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              Value: 17
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              Value: 5
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            – TitleFull: Mathematics Teaching Research Journal
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