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How Different Negative Emotions Affect Young and Older Adults' Arithmetic Performance in Addition and Multiplication Problems?

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Title: How Different Negative Emotions Affect Young and Older Adults' Arithmetic Performance in Addition and Multiplication Problems?
Language: English
Authors: Nurit Viesel-Nordmeyer, Patrick Lemaire
Source: Journal of Numerical Cognition. Article e16587 2025 11.
Availability: Leibniz Institute for Psychology. Universitatsring 15, Trier, 54296, Germany. e-mail: support@psychopen.eu; Web site: https://jnc.psychopen.eu
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 15
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Negative Attitudes, Young Adults, Older Adults, Mathematics Skills, Mathematics Achievement, Addition, Multiplication, Problem Solving, Cognitive Development, Emotional Response, Age Differences, Foreign Countries, Stimuli
Geographic Terms: United Kingdom, United States, Ireland, Ethiopia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Germany, India, Italy, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Sri Lanka, Uganda
ISSN: 2363-8761
Abstract: We examined how different types of negative emotional states (anger, disgust, sadness) influence arithmetic performance, and whether this influence is modulated by the types of arithmetic operations and moderated by adults' age. Younger and older adults verified addition and multiplication problems that were superimposed on emotionally negative (angry, disgust, sad) or neutral images. Emotionally negative images were matched on both arousal and valence. We found that different negative emotional stimuli had different effects on arithmetic performance. We also found that these effects differed for addition and multiplication problems, and were moderated by participants' age. More specifically: (a) younger adults were more impaired by sad stimuli than older adults while solving addition problems; (b) older adults but not younger adults solved multiplication problems more slowly following disgust and sad stimuli than emotionally neutral stimuli and (c) anger stimuli did not affect younger and older adults' performance while solving addition and multiplication problems. These findings shed important lights on how different negative emotional stimuli influence arithmetic performance and how this influence changes with age during adulthood.
Abstractor: As Provided
Notes: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/MHJF2
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1492423
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Leibniz Institute for Psychology. Universitatsring 15, Trier, 54296, Germany. e-mail: support@psychopen.eu; Web site: https://jnc.psychopen.eu
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  Data: We examined how different types of negative emotional states (anger, disgust, sadness) influence arithmetic performance, and whether this influence is modulated by the types of arithmetic operations and moderated by adults' age. Younger and older adults verified addition and multiplication problems that were superimposed on emotionally negative (angry, disgust, sad) or neutral images. Emotionally negative images were matched on both arousal and valence. We found that different negative emotional stimuli had different effects on arithmetic performance. We also found that these effects differed for addition and multiplication problems, and were moderated by participants' age. More specifically: (a) younger adults were more impaired by sad stimuli than older adults while solving addition problems; (b) older adults but not younger adults solved multiplication problems more slowly following disgust and sad stimuli than emotionally neutral stimuli and (c) anger stimuli did not affect younger and older adults' performance while solving addition and multiplication problems. These findings shed important lights on how different negative emotional stimuli influence arithmetic performance and how this influence changes with age during adulthood.
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  Data: As Provided
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  Data: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/MHJF2
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1492423
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    Languages:
      – Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 15
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Psychological Patterns
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Negative Attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Young Adults
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Older Adults
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mathematics Skills
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mathematics Achievement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Addition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multiplication
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      – SubjectFull: Problem Solving
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      – SubjectFull: Cognitive Development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotional Response
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      – SubjectFull: Age Differences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
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      – SubjectFull: Stimuli
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      – SubjectFull: United Kingdom
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      – SubjectFull: United States
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      – SubjectFull: Ireland
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      – SubjectFull: Ethiopia
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      – SubjectFull: Lebanon
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      – SubjectFull: Lithuania
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      – SubjectFull: Germany
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      – SubjectFull: India
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      – SubjectFull: Italy
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      – SubjectFull: Nepal
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      – SubjectFull: Netherlands
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      – SubjectFull: New Zealand
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      – SubjectFull: Nigeria
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      – SubjectFull: Sri Lanka
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      – SubjectFull: Uganda
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: How Different Negative Emotions Affect Young and Older Adults' Arithmetic Performance in Addition and Multiplication Problems?
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              Y: 2025
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