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The Impact of Goal Setting on English Learning Performance: The Mediating Role of Learning Engagement

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Title: The Impact of Goal Setting on English Learning Performance: The Mediating Role of Learning Engagement
Language: English
Authors: Jieyi Chen (ORCID 0009-0005-2950-2236), Mohd Rustam Mohd Rameli (ORCID 0000-0001-8476-6748)
Source: Problems of Education in the 21st Century. 2025 83(6):734-751.
Availability: Scientia Socialis Ltd. 29 K. Donelaicio Street, LT-78115 Siauliai, Republic of Lithuania. e-mail: scientia@scientiasocialis.lt; e-mail: problemsofeducation@gmail.com; Web site: http://www.scientiasocialis.lt/pec/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 18
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Goal Orientation, Learner Engagement, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Majors (Students), College Students, Foreign Countries, Measures (Individuals), Student Behavior
Geographic Terms: China
ISSN: 1822-7864
2538-7111
Abstract: Goal setting (GS) is regarded as a key component of the forethought phase of self-regulation. Given that self-regulation has been widely recognised as an important contributor to academic outcomes, the present study sought to further explore how GS influences English learning performance (ELP), with learning engagement (LE) considered as a mediating factor in the context of English as a Second Language (ESL). 295 English major students from a college in China were invited to complete three instruments: the Goal Setting Scale, the School Engagement Measure, and the English Self-ratings Measure, which measure students' GS, LE, and ELP, respectively. The descriptive and correlation analysis was done, and the mediation model was tested. The results showed: (1) The GS, LE and ELP of the ESL Chinese college students were all at a relatively moderate level; (2) GS, LE, and ELP were significantly interconnected; (3) LE served as a partial mediator between GS and ELP, indicating that students' goal-setting behaviors contribute to better English learning by fostering greater engagement. Chinese ESL students and English teachers are suggested to place emphasis on both setting goals and engagement for students' English study.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1492516
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
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  Data: The Impact of Goal Setting on English Learning Performance: The Mediating Role of Learning Engagement
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  Group: Lang
  Data: English
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jieyi+Chen%22">Jieyi Chen</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2950-2236">0009-0005-2950-2236</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mohd+Rustam+Mohd+Rameli%22">Mohd Rustam Mohd Rameli</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8476-6748">0000-0001-8476-6748</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Problems+of+Education+in+the+21st+Century%22"><i>Problems of Education in the 21st Century</i></searchLink>. 2025 83(6):734-751.
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  Data: Scientia Socialis Ltd. 29 K. Donelaicio Street, LT-78115 Siauliai, Republic of Lithuania. e-mail: scientia@scientiasocialis.lt; e-mail: problemsofeducation@gmail.com; Web site: http://www.scientiasocialis.lt/pec/
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 18
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Higher+Education%22">Higher Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Postsecondary+Education%22">Postsecondary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Goal+Orientation%22">Goal Orientation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learner+Engagement%22">Learner Engagement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Second+Language+Learning%22">Second Language Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22English+%28Second+Language%29%22">English (Second Language)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Majors+%28Students%29%22">Majors (Students)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22College+Students%22">College Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Measures+%28Individuals%29%22">Measures (Individuals)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Behavior%22">Student Behavior</searchLink>
– Name: Subject
  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22China%22">China</searchLink>
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
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  Data: 1822-7864<br />2538-7111
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Goal setting (GS) is regarded as a key component of the forethought phase of self-regulation. Given that self-regulation has been widely recognised as an important contributor to academic outcomes, the present study sought to further explore how GS influences English learning performance (ELP), with learning engagement (LE) considered as a mediating factor in the context of English as a Second Language (ESL). 295 English major students from a college in China were invited to complete three instruments: the Goal Setting Scale, the School Engagement Measure, and the English Self-ratings Measure, which measure students' GS, LE, and ELP, respectively. The descriptive and correlation analysis was done, and the mediation model was tested. The results showed: (1) The GS, LE and ELP of the ESL Chinese college students were all at a relatively moderate level; (2) GS, LE, and ELP were significantly interconnected; (3) LE served as a partial mediator between GS and ELP, indicating that students' goal-setting behaviors contribute to better English learning by fostering greater engagement. Chinese ESL students and English teachers are suggested to place emphasis on both setting goals and engagement for students' English study.
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1492516
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 734
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Goal Orientation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Learner Engagement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Second Language Learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: English (Second Language)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Majors (Students)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: College Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Measures (Individuals)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Student Behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: China
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: The Impact of Goal Setting on English Learning Performance: The Mediating Role of Learning Engagement
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            NameFull: Mohd Rustam Mohd Rameli
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              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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