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Retaining Infants and Young Children Who Experience Transitions in Care in Longitudinal Studies of Child Health and Development: Considerations from the HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study

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Title: Retaining Infants and Young Children Who Experience Transitions in Care in Longitudinal Studies of Child Health and Development: Considerations from the HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study
Language: English
Authors: Julie Poehlmann (ORCID 0000-0001-9249-2425), Elizabeth I. Johnson (ORCID 0000-0002-9768-3201), Pilar N. Ossorio (ORCID 0000-0002-3495-7375), Keisher Highsmith (ORCID 0009-0006-3716-6049), Brenda Jones Harden (ORCID 0000-0001-8349-0401), Mishka Terplan (ORCID 0000-0002-2489-2942), Pilar M. Sanjuan (ORCID 0000-0002-7939-0245), Lorraine McKelvey (ORCID 0000-0003-1592-9886), Claire D. Coles (ORCID 0000-0003-3399-6644), Barbara H. Chaiyachati (ORCID 0000-0001-7324-6245), Hon. Peggy Walker, Rebecca Shlafer (ORCID 0000-0001-7833-9053), Kaitlyn Pritzl (ORCID 0000-0003-2046-0461), Chandni Anandha Krishnan (ORCID 0009-0000-2041-2107), Stephanie Averill (ORCID 0009-0007-0641-7578), Samir Das (ORCID 0000-0003-2018-8760), Santiago Torres-Gomez (ORCID 0000-0002-5325-8852), Florence Hilliard (ORCID 0009-0009-4708-9421), Brian Gannon (ORCID 0000-0003-3131-5526), Wesley K. Thompson (ORCID 0000-0002-1148-1976)
Source: Infant Mental Health Journal: Infancy and Early Childhood. 2026 47(1).
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 20
Publication Date: 2026
Sponsoring Agency: National Institutes of Health (NIH) (DHHS)
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (DHHS/NIH)
Contract Number: U01DA055352
U01DA055353
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Tests/Questionnaires
Descriptors: Infants, Young Children, Child Development, Child Health, Child Care, Transitional Programs, Family Relationship, Foster Care, Longitudinal Studies, Cohort Analysis, Mental Health, Cognitive Development, Consent, Child Welfare, Diversity Equity and Inclusion, Documentation
DOI: 10.1002/imhj.70057
ISSN: 0163-9641
1097-0355
Abstract: A transition in care (TIC) is a significant change in the primary adults who provide care for a child, involving a move to informal or formal non-parental care, including kinship and foster care. In this paper, we address three issues: (1) the theoretical and empirical reasons for retaining infants and children who experience TIC in longitudinal studies of child health and development; (2) the import of retaining infants and children who experience TIC in studies focusing on parental substance use; and (3) methodological strategies for following children with TIC. We discuss the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) study as an example of how a large prospective longitudinal cohort study can retain children who experience TIC, describing strategies such as: (1) documenting the frequency and contexts of these transitions and their associations with child health, mental health, and neurodevelopment; (2) attending to consent and mandated reporting requirements; (3) being sensitive to state child welfare policies and practices; (4) addressing retention challenges; (5) focusing on issues related to diversity, equity, and inclusion; and (6) establishing methods that document transitions and flexibly follow children as they grow older.
Abstractor: As Provided
Notes: https://hbcdstudy.org/data-sharing
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1493604
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Retaining Infants and Young Children Who Experience Transitions in Care in Longitudinal Studies of Child Health and Development: Considerations from the HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Julie+Poehlmann%22">Julie Poehlmann</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9249-2425">0000-0001-9249-2425</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Elizabeth+I%2E+Johnson%22">Elizabeth I. Johnson</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9768-3201">0000-0002-9768-3201</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pilar+N%2E+Ossorio%22">Pilar N. Ossorio</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3495-7375">0000-0002-3495-7375</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Keisher+Highsmith%22">Keisher Highsmith</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3716-6049">0009-0006-3716-6049</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brenda+Jones+Harden%22">Brenda Jones Harden</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-0401">0000-0001-8349-0401</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mishka+Terplan%22">Mishka Terplan</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2489-2942">0000-0002-2489-2942</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pilar+M%2E+Sanjuan%22">Pilar M. Sanjuan</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7939-0245">0000-0002-7939-0245</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lorraine+McKelvey%22">Lorraine McKelvey</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1592-9886">0000-0003-1592-9886</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Claire+D%2E+Coles%22">Claire D. Coles</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-6644">0000-0003-3399-6644</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barbara+H%2E+Chaiyachati%22">Barbara H. Chaiyachati</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7324-6245">0000-0001-7324-6245</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hon%2E+Peggy+Walker%22">Hon. Peggy Walker</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rebecca+Shlafer%22">Rebecca Shlafer</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7833-9053">0000-0001-7833-9053</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kaitlyn+Pritzl%22">Kaitlyn Pritzl</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2046-0461">0000-0003-2046-0461</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chandni+Anandha+Krishnan%22">Chandni Anandha Krishnan</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2041-2107">0009-0000-2041-2107</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stephanie+Averill%22">Stephanie Averill</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0641-7578">0009-0007-0641-7578</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Samir+Das%22">Samir Das</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2018-8760">0000-0003-2018-8760</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Santiago+Torres-Gomez%22">Santiago Torres-Gomez</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5325-8852">0000-0002-5325-8852</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Florence+Hilliard%22">Florence Hilliard</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4708-9421">0009-0009-4708-9421</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brian+Gannon%22">Brian Gannon</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-5526">0000-0003-3131-5526</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wesley+K%2E+Thompson%22">Wesley K. Thompson</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1148-1976">0000-0002-1148-1976</externalLink>)
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: National Institutes of Health (NIH) (DHHS)<br />National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (DHHS/NIH)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Infants%22">Infants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Young+Children%22">Young Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+Development%22">Child Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+Health%22">Child Health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+Care%22">Child Care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transitional+Programs%22">Transitional Programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Family+Relationship%22">Family Relationship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foster+Care%22">Foster Care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+Studies%22">Longitudinal Studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cohort+Analysis%22">Cohort Analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+Health%22">Mental Health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+Development%22">Cognitive Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Consent%22">Consent</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+Welfare%22">Child Welfare</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diversity+Equity+and+Inclusion%22">Diversity Equity and Inclusion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Documentation%22">Documentation</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1002/imhj.70057
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  Data: 0163-9641<br />1097-0355
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  Data: A transition in care (TIC) is a significant change in the primary adults who provide care for a child, involving a move to informal or formal non-parental care, including kinship and foster care. In this paper, we address three issues: (1) the theoretical and empirical reasons for retaining infants and children who experience TIC in longitudinal studies of child health and development; (2) the import of retaining infants and children who experience TIC in studies focusing on parental substance use; and (3) methodological strategies for following children with TIC. We discuss the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) study as an example of how a large prospective longitudinal cohort study can retain children who experience TIC, describing strategies such as: (1) documenting the frequency and contexts of these transitions and their associations with child health, mental health, and neurodevelopment; (2) attending to consent and mandated reporting requirements; (3) being sensitive to state child welfare policies and practices; (4) addressing retention challenges; (5) focusing on issues related to diversity, equity, and inclusion; and (6) establishing methods that document transitions and flexibly follow children as they grow older.
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  Data: 2026
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      – SubjectFull: Infants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Young Children
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