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Associations between Public Preschool Attendance and Third Grade School Outcomes: Are There Lasting Benefits in a Post-COVID-19 Environment?

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Title: Associations between Public Preschool Attendance and Third Grade School Outcomes: Are There Lasting Benefits in a Post-COVID-19 Environment?
Language: English
Authors: Anna D. Johnson (ORCID 0000-0002-9832-6724), Douglas Hummel-Price (ORCID 0000-0002-9760-0947), Anne Martin (ORCID 0000-0001-9392-4234), Sophie Rodosky, Diane Horm (ORCID 0000-0002-1836-5329), Deborah A. Phillips
Source: AERA Open. 2025 11(1).
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 19
Publication Date: 2025
Sponsoring Agency: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) (DHHS/NIH)
Contract Number: 1R01HD09232401A1
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Early Childhood Education
Elementary Education
Grade 3
Primary Education
Preschool Education
Descriptors: Grade 3, Public Schools, Preschool Education, Attendance, Outcomes of Education, COVID-19, Pandemics, Low Income, Family Income, Mathematics Achievement, Reading Achievement, Grade Repetition, Bilingual Students, Special Education
Geographic Terms: Oklahoma (Tulsa)
ISSN: 2332-8584
Abstract: Using newly available data from Tulsa, Oklahoma--home of a renowned and much-studied universal public preschool program--we investigated associations between public preschool attendance and a wide range of third grade school administrative outcomes collected in the post-COVID-19 era. We explored associations between preschool attendance and school outcomes in our full sample of students (all of whom were from low-income households) as well as in our sizable subsample of dual language learners. Public preschool was unrelated to state standardized test scores, grade retention, and special education status. However, for dual language learners only, public preschool attendance predicted substantial reductions in third grade (post-COVID-19) absenteeism. Given skyrocketing rates of absenteeism when schools reopened after COVID-19--rates that are especially large for students from low-income and minoritized backgrounds such as those in our sample--these results hold special importance and may suggest a potentially overlooked response to a rising problem.
Abstractor: As Provided
Notes: https://doi.org/10.3886/E226243V1
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1494456
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Associations between Public Preschool Attendance and Third Grade School Outcomes: Are There Lasting Benefits in a Post-COVID-19 Environment?
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anna+D%2E+Johnson%22">Anna D. Johnson</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9832-6724">0000-0002-9832-6724</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Douglas+Hummel-Price%22">Douglas Hummel-Price</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9760-0947">0000-0002-9760-0947</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anne+Martin%22">Anne Martin</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9392-4234">0000-0001-9392-4234</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sophie+Rodosky%22">Sophie Rodosky</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Diane+Horm%22">Diane Horm</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1836-5329">0000-0002-1836-5329</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Deborah+A%2E+Phillips%22">Deborah A. Phillips</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22AERA+Open%22"><i>AERA Open</i></searchLink>. 2025 11(1).
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  Data: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) (DHHS/NIH)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oklahoma+%28Tulsa%29%22">Oklahoma (Tulsa)</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Using newly available data from Tulsa, Oklahoma--home of a renowned and much-studied universal public preschool program--we investigated associations between public preschool attendance and a wide range of third grade school administrative outcomes collected in the post-COVID-19 era. We explored associations between preschool attendance and school outcomes in our full sample of students (all of whom were from low-income households) as well as in our sizable subsample of dual language learners. Public preschool was unrelated to state standardized test scores, grade retention, and special education status. However, for dual language learners only, public preschool attendance predicted substantial reductions in third grade (post-COVID-19) absenteeism. Given skyrocketing rates of absenteeism when schools reopened after COVID-19--rates that are especially large for students from low-income and minoritized backgrounds such as those in our sample--these results hold special importance and may suggest a potentially overlooked response to a rising problem.
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  Data: https://doi.org/10.3886/E226243V1
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  Data: EJ1494456
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    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 19
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Grade 3
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Public Schools
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Preschool Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Attendance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Outcomes of Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: COVID-19
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pandemics
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      – SubjectFull: Low Income
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Family Income
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mathematics Achievement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reading Achievement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Grade Repetition
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      – SubjectFull: Bilingual Students
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      – SubjectFull: Special Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Oklahoma (Tulsa)
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Associations between Public Preschool Attendance and Third Grade School Outcomes: Are There Lasting Benefits in a Post-COVID-19 Environment?
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