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Attitude towards Learning School Geometry: An Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis in the Nigerian Context

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Title: Attitude towards Learning School Geometry: An Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis in the Nigerian Context
Language: English
Authors: Muhammad Nasiru Hassan (ORCID 0000-0002-9956-6295), Muhammad Ammar Naufal (ORCID 0000-0001-6665-4339), Abdul Halim Abdullah (ORCID 0000-0002-7966-9334)
Source: Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn). 2026 20(1):448-455.
Availability: Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. C5 Plumbon, Banguntapan, Yogyakarta, 55198, Indonesia. e-mail: edulearn@uad.ac.id; Web site: http://edulearn.intelektual.org/index.php/EduLearn/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 8
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Secondary Education
Descriptors: Test Construction, Test Validity, Test Reliability, Student Attitudes, Mathematics Education, Geometry, Secondary School Students, Foreign Countries, Affective Behavior, Student Behavior
Geographic Terms: Nigeria
ISSN: 2089-9823
2302-9277
Abstract: Attitude is a critical factor influencing students' success in learning geometry and mathematics, which has been a subject of global interest in educational research. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable instrument to measure students' attitudes toward learning geometry in Nigeria, based on the affective, behavioral, and cognitive (ABC) model. The instrument was tested on a sample of 100 secondary school students in Nigeria. To ensure its validity, both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were employed. The EFA results indicated a three-factor structure consisting of 20 items, which was further verified through CFA, showing good model fit indices and supporting the instrument's robustness. The reliability of the instrument was also confirmed, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranging from 0.73 to 0.89, suggesting strong internal consistency across the three attitude components. The findings indicate that the developed instrument is a reliable and valid tool for assessing secondary school students' attitudes toward geometry, capturing their emotional, behavioral, and cognitive responses to the subject. This study contributes significantly to the field of mathematics education by offering a context-specific tool for measuring attitudes, which could inform the development of more effective teaching strategies tailored to students' attitudes toward geometry.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1495349
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
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  Data: Attitude towards Learning School Geometry: An Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis in the Nigerian Context
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Muhammad+Nasiru+Hassan%22">Muhammad Nasiru Hassan</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9956-6295">0000-0002-9956-6295</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Muhammad+Ammar+Naufal%22">Muhammad Ammar Naufal</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6665-4339">0000-0001-6665-4339</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abdul+Halim+Abdullah%22">Abdul Halim Abdullah</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7966-9334">0000-0002-7966-9334</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Education+and+Learning+%28EduLearn%29%22"><i>Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn)</i></searchLink>. 2026 20(1):448-455.
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  Data: Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. C5 Plumbon, Banguntapan, Yogyakarta, 55198, Indonesia. e-mail: edulearn@uad.ac.id; Web site: http://edulearn.intelektual.org/index.php/EduLearn/
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  Data: 8
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Construction%22">Test Construction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Validity%22">Test Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Reliability%22">Test Reliability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Attitudes%22">Student Attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematics+Education%22">Mathematics Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geometry%22">Geometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Secondary+School+Students%22">Secondary School Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Affective+Behavior%22">Affective Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Behavior%22">Student Behavior</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nigeria%22">Nigeria</searchLink>
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  Data: 2089-9823<br />2302-9277
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Attitude is a critical factor influencing students' success in learning geometry and mathematics, which has been a subject of global interest in educational research. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable instrument to measure students' attitudes toward learning geometry in Nigeria, based on the affective, behavioral, and cognitive (ABC) model. The instrument was tested on a sample of 100 secondary school students in Nigeria. To ensure its validity, both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were employed. The EFA results indicated a three-factor structure consisting of 20 items, which was further verified through CFA, showing good model fit indices and supporting the instrument's robustness. The reliability of the instrument was also confirmed, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranging from 0.73 to 0.89, suggesting strong internal consistency across the three attitude components. The findings indicate that the developed instrument is a reliable and valid tool for assessing secondary school students' attitudes toward geometry, capturing their emotional, behavioral, and cognitive responses to the subject. This study contributes significantly to the field of mathematics education by offering a context-specific tool for measuring attitudes, which could inform the development of more effective teaching strategies tailored to students' attitudes toward geometry.
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1495349
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 448
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Test Construction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Test Validity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Test Reliability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Student Attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mathematics Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Secondary School Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Affective Behavior
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      – SubjectFull: Student Behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nigeria
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Attitude towards Learning School Geometry: An Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis in the Nigerian Context
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            NameFull: Muhammad Nasiru Hassan
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            NameFull: Muhammad Ammar Naufal
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            NameFull: Abdul Halim Abdullah
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              M: 01
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 2089-9823
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