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The Morphological Awareness Test for Mainland Chinese School-Age Children: Development and Validation of a New Test

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Title: The Morphological Awareness Test for Mainland Chinese School-Age Children: Development and Validation of a New Test
Language: English
Authors: Yaping Wang, Xiuping Ming, Shudong Zhang (ORCID 0009-0003-5968-8129)
Source: Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment. 2026 44(1):56-76.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 21
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Education
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Language Tests, Morphology (Languages), Test Construction, Test Validity, Test Reliability, Student Evaluation, Elementary School Students, Psychometrics, Intervention, Testing, Content Validity, Test Format, Factor Structure, Gender Differences, Instructional Program Divisions, Scores, Construct Validity
Geographic Terms: China (Beijing)
DOI: 10.1177/07342829251370412
ISSN: 0734-2829
1557-5144
Abstract: There is a pressing need for a developmentally appropriate morphological awareness assessment that can be effectively implemented in mainland Chinese elementary classrooms. To address this, we developed the Chinese Morphological Awareness Test (CMAT), specifically designed for mainland Chinese students in Grades 1-6. The CMAT is grounded in developmentally appropriate morphological awareness concepts and can be administered to entire classes. This study evaluated the CMAT with a cohort of 1,544 students across Grades 1-6. The CMAT, designed as a four-factor model, exhibited acceptable reliability and validity. These findings provide initial psychometric support for the CMAT, highlighting its ease of administration and scoring. By filling a critical gap, this tool provides a practical assessment to evaluate morphological awareness in mainland Chinese school-age students, with the potential to inform the development of targeted interventions. The study also discusses the limitations of this tool and suggests directions for future research.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1495875
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: The Morphological Awareness Test for Mainland Chinese School-Age Children: Development and Validation of a New Test
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yaping+Wang%22">Yaping Wang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xiuping+Ming%22">Xiuping Ming</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shudong+Zhang%22">Shudong Zhang</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5968-8129">0009-0003-5968-8129</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Psychoeducational+Assessment%22"><i>Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment</i></searchLink>. 2026 44(1):56-76.
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 21
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Education%22">Elementary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Tests%22">Language Tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Morphology+%28Languages%29%22">Morphology (Languages)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Construction%22">Test Construction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Validity%22">Test Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Reliability%22">Test Reliability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Evaluation%22">Student Evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elementary+School+Students%22">Elementary School Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychometrics%22">Psychometrics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intervention%22">Intervention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Testing%22">Testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Content+Validity%22">Content Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Format%22">Test Format</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Factor+Structure%22">Factor Structure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender+Differences%22">Gender Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Instructional+Program+Divisions%22">Instructional Program Divisions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scores%22">Scores</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Construct+Validity%22">Construct Validity</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22China+%28Beijing%29%22">China (Beijing)</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1177/07342829251370412
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  Data: 0734-2829<br />1557-5144
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: There is a pressing need for a developmentally appropriate morphological awareness assessment that can be effectively implemented in mainland Chinese elementary classrooms. To address this, we developed the Chinese Morphological Awareness Test (CMAT), specifically designed for mainland Chinese students in Grades 1-6. The CMAT is grounded in developmentally appropriate morphological awareness concepts and can be administered to entire classes. This study evaluated the CMAT with a cohort of 1,544 students across Grades 1-6. The CMAT, designed as a four-factor model, exhibited acceptable reliability and validity. These findings provide initial psychometric support for the CMAT, highlighting its ease of administration and scoring. By filling a critical gap, this tool provides a practical assessment to evaluate morphological awareness in mainland Chinese school-age students, with the potential to inform the development of targeted interventions. The study also discusses the limitations of this tool and suggests directions for future research.
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1495875
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        Value: 10.1177/07342829251370412
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language Tests
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      – SubjectFull: Morphology (Languages)
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      – SubjectFull: Elementary School Students
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      – SubjectFull: China (Beijing)
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      – TitleFull: The Morphological Awareness Test for Mainland Chinese School-Age Children: Development and Validation of a New Test
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