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Technical Features of Sentence-Level Writing Curriculum-Based Measures and Language Sample Analysis for Emergent Bilingual Elementary Students

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Title: Technical Features of Sentence-Level Writing Curriculum-Based Measures and Language Sample Analysis for Emergent Bilingual Elementary Students
Language: English
Authors: Emily A. Reno (ORCID 0000-0002-7048-451X), Seohyeon Choi (ORCID 0000-0003-1721-4956), Madeline Price (ORCID 0000-0002-5194-6002), Alex Smith (ORCID 0000-0002-7143-3562)
Source: Assessment for Effective Intervention. 2026 51(2):84-95.
Availability: SAGE Publications and Hammill Institute on Disabilities. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 12
Publication Date: 2026
Sponsoring Agency: Institute of Education Sciences (ED)
Contract Number: R324A130144
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Education
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Bilingual Students, Writing (Composition), Curriculum Based Assessment, Writing Evaluation, English Learners, Language Tests, Predictive Validity, Scores, Language Proficiency, Writing Tests, Test Reliability, Criterion Referenced Tests
DOI: 10.1177/15345084251396511
ISSN: 1534-5084
1938-7458
Abstract: Technical quality of language sample analysis (LSA) metrics using sentence-level writing curriculum-based measures was examined with 73 U.S. emergent bilinguals (English learners) in Grades 1-3. Alternate-form reliability, criterion-related validity between LSA metrics with writing curriculum-based measure metrics, predictive validity between fall LSA scores and winter scores on a standardized English proficiency measure, discrimination among grades, and sensitivity to growth were evaluated. The LSA metric mean length of T-Unit in words showed technical quality using the mean of two forms in the fall for Grades 2 and 3, while a number of different words maintained technical quality in Grades 2 and 3 across seasons using individual and the mean of two forms. Discrimination among grades and sensitivity to growth evidence were weaker.
Abstractor: As Provided
IES Funded: Yes
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1496584
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Technical Features of Sentence-Level Writing Curriculum-Based Measures and Language Sample Analysis for Emergent Bilingual Elementary Students
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Emily+A%2E+Reno%22">Emily A. Reno</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7048-451X">0000-0002-7048-451X</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Seohyeon+Choi%22">Seohyeon Choi</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1721-4956">0000-0003-1721-4956</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Madeline+Price%22">Madeline Price</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5194-6002">0000-0002-5194-6002</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alex+Smith%22">Alex Smith</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7143-3562">0000-0002-7143-3562</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Assessment+for+Effective+Intervention%22"><i>Assessment for Effective Intervention</i></searchLink>. 2026 51(2):84-95.
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  Data: SAGE Publications and Hammill Institute on Disabilities. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 12
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Institute of Education Sciences (ED)
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Education%22">Elementary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elementary+School+Students%22">Elementary School Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bilingual+Students%22">Bilingual Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Writing+%28Composition%29%22">Writing (Composition)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Curriculum+Based+Assessment%22">Curriculum Based Assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Writing+Evaluation%22">Writing Evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22English+Learners%22">English Learners</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Tests%22">Language Tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Predictive+Validity%22">Predictive Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scores%22">Scores</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Proficiency%22">Language Proficiency</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Writing+Tests%22">Writing Tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Reliability%22">Test Reliability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Criterion+Referenced+Tests%22">Criterion Referenced Tests</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1177/15345084251396511
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 1534-5084<br />1938-7458
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Technical quality of language sample analysis (LSA) metrics using sentence-level writing curriculum-based measures was examined with 73 U.S. emergent bilinguals (English learners) in Grades 1-3. Alternate-form reliability, criterion-related validity between LSA metrics with writing curriculum-based measure metrics, predictive validity between fall LSA scores and winter scores on a standardized English proficiency measure, discrimination among grades, and sensitivity to growth were evaluated. The LSA metric mean length of T-Unit in words showed technical quality using the mean of two forms in the fall for Grades 2 and 3, while a number of different words maintained technical quality in Grades 2 and 3 across seasons using individual and the mean of two forms. Discrimination among grades and sensitivity to growth evidence were weaker.
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  Data: As Provided
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  Data: Yes
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  Label: Entry Date
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  Data: 2026
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  Label: Accession Number
  Group: ID
  Data: EJ1496584
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        Value: 10.1177/15345084251396511
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 84
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Elementary School Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bilingual Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Writing (Composition)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Curriculum Based Assessment
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      – SubjectFull: Writing Evaluation
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      – SubjectFull: English Learners
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      – SubjectFull: Predictive Validity
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      – SubjectFull: Scores
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language Proficiency
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      – SubjectFull: Writing Tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Test Reliability
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      – SubjectFull: Criterion Referenced Tests
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Technical Features of Sentence-Level Writing Curriculum-Based Measures and Language Sample Analysis for Emergent Bilingual Elementary Students
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