Classroom Assessment Validation: Proficiency Claims and Uses

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Title: Classroom Assessment Validation: Proficiency Claims and Uses
Language: English
Authors: James H. McMillan (ORCID 0000-0001-7915-3576)
Source: Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice. 2026 45(1).
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 11
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Descriptive
Descriptors: Educational Assessment, Student Evaluation, Validity, Accuracy, Methods
DOI: 10.1111/emip.70014
ISSN: 0731-1745
1745-3992
Abstract: Unlike standardized testing applications of validity, teachers need a simple and efficient way to reflect on the accuracy of the claims based on student performance, then consider whether the uses of those claims are appropriate. A two-phase reasoning process of validation, consisting of a proficiency claim/argument and a use/argument, is presented as a way for teachers to understand and apply the central tenets of validation to their classroom assessments. Since classroom assessment is contextualized with multiple purposes, each teacher is obligated to use validation for their situation. The accuracy of teachers' conclusions about the proficiency claims, and uses, will depend on their skill in gathering supportive evidence and considering alternative explanations. Examples of the proposed classroom assessment validation process are presented.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1498527
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Assessment%22">Educational Assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Evaluation%22">Student Evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Validity%22">Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Accuracy%22">Accuracy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Methods%22">Methods</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1111/emip.70014
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  Data: Unlike standardized testing applications of validity, teachers need a simple and efficient way to reflect on the accuracy of the claims based on student performance, then consider whether the uses of those claims are appropriate. A two-phase reasoning process of validation, consisting of a proficiency claim/argument and a use/argument, is presented as a way for teachers to understand and apply the central tenets of validation to their classroom assessments. Since classroom assessment is contextualized with multiple purposes, each teacher is obligated to use validation for their situation. The accuracy of teachers' conclusions about the proficiency claims, and uses, will depend on their skill in gathering supportive evidence and considering alternative explanations. Examples of the proposed classroom assessment validation process are presented.
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