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Unleashing the Power of Virtual Learning Environment: Exploring the Impact on Learning Outcomes through a Meta-Analysis

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Title: Unleashing the Power of Virtual Learning Environment: Exploring the Impact on Learning Outcomes through a Meta-Analysis
Language: English
Authors: Yuhui Jing (ORCID 0000-0002-8593-2725), Jian Dai (ORCID 0000-0002-5869-9446), Chengliang Wang (ORCID 0000-0003-2208-3508), Shusheng Shen (ORCID 0000-0001-8427-1817), Rustam Shadiev (ORCID 0000-0001-5571-1158)
Source: Interactive Learning Environments. 2025 33(1):52-69.
Availability: Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 18
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Information Analyses
Education Level: Elementary Secondary Education
Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Literature Reviews, Meta Analysis, Electronic Learning, Distance Education, Educational Environment, Environmental Influences, Intervention, Research Methodology, Outcomes of Education, Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, Learning Processes, Independent Study, Instructional Program Divisions
DOI: 10.1080/10494820.2024.2335481
ISSN: 1049-4820
1744-5191
Abstract: This study used meta-analysis to assess the impact of learning in Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) on cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes, analyzing 48 articles from 2000 to 2023. It also investigated how VLE types, research design, discipline, educational level, intervention duration, and learning methods influence these outcomes. The findings revealed that: (1) VLE significantly improved cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes with medium to large effect sizes, showing positive effects; (2) research design, educational level, intervention duration, and learning methods significantly moderated cognitive learning outcomes, while VLE types, intervention duration, and learning methods significantly moderated non-cognitive learning outcomes; (3) Both 2DVLE and 3DVLE significantly improved cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes, with 3DVLE excelling in non-cognitive gains. Quasi-experimental designs revealed VLEs more effectively enhance cognitive outcomes than experimental designs. VLEs significantly improved outcomes in both STEM and non-STEM areas, and optimally benefited non-cognitive outcomes in middle and college students, and cognitive outcomes in elementary and middle school students. The most effective cognitive outcomes were observed with interventions lasting under 24 hours to 6 months, and non-cognitive gains peaked with interventions from 1 to 4 weeks. Autonomous learning methods maximized VLEs' impact on both outcome types. The study discusses limitations and identifies areas for further research.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1500208
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Unleashing the Power of Virtual Learning Environment: Exploring the Impact on Learning Outcomes through a Meta-Analysis
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  Data: English
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yuhui+Jing%22">Yuhui Jing</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-2725">0000-0002-8593-2725</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jian+Dai%22">Jian Dai</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5869-9446">0000-0002-5869-9446</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chengliang+Wang%22">Chengliang Wang</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2208-3508">0000-0003-2208-3508</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shusheng+Shen%22">Shusheng Shen</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8427-1817">0000-0001-8427-1817</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rustam+Shadiev%22">Rustam Shadiev</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5571-1158">0000-0001-5571-1158</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Interactive+Learning+Environments%22"><i>Interactive Learning Environments</i></searchLink>. 2025 33(1):52-69.
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  Data: Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 18
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Information Analyses
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Secondary+Education%22">Elementary Secondary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Higher+Education%22">Higher Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Postsecondary+Education%22">Postsecondary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Literature+Reviews%22">Literature Reviews</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Meta+Analysis%22">Meta Analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electronic+Learning%22">Electronic Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Distance+Education%22">Distance Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Environment%22">Educational Environment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Environmental+Influences%22">Environmental Influences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intervention%22">Intervention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+Methodology%22">Research Methodology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Outcomes+of+Education%22">Outcomes of Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elementary+Secondary+Education%22">Elementary Secondary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Higher+Education%22">Higher Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning+Processes%22">Learning Processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Independent+Study%22">Independent Study</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Instructional+Program+Divisions%22">Instructional Program Divisions</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1080/10494820.2024.2335481
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  Data: 1049-4820<br />1744-5191
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: This study used meta-analysis to assess the impact of learning in Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) on cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes, analyzing 48 articles from 2000 to 2023. It also investigated how VLE types, research design, discipline, educational level, intervention duration, and learning methods influence these outcomes. The findings revealed that: (1) VLE significantly improved cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes with medium to large effect sizes, showing positive effects; (2) research design, educational level, intervention duration, and learning methods significantly moderated cognitive learning outcomes, while VLE types, intervention duration, and learning methods significantly moderated non-cognitive learning outcomes; (3) Both 2DVLE and 3DVLE significantly improved cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes, with 3DVLE excelling in non-cognitive gains. Quasi-experimental designs revealed VLEs more effectively enhance cognitive outcomes than experimental designs. VLEs significantly improved outcomes in both STEM and non-STEM areas, and optimally benefited non-cognitive outcomes in middle and college students, and cognitive outcomes in elementary and middle school students. The most effective cognitive outcomes were observed with interventions lasting under 24 hours to 6 months, and non-cognitive gains peaked with interventions from 1 to 4 weeks. Autonomous learning methods maximized VLEs' impact on both outcome types. The study discusses limitations and identifies areas for further research.
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  Data: 2026
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  Label: Accession Number
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  Data: EJ1500208
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        Value: 10.1080/10494820.2024.2335481
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 52
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Literature Reviews
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Meta Analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electronic Learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Distance Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educational Environment
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      – SubjectFull: Environmental Influences
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      – SubjectFull: Intervention
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      – SubjectFull: Research Methodology
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      – SubjectFull: Outcomes of Education
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      – SubjectFull: Elementary Secondary Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Higher Education
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      – SubjectFull: Learning Processes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Independent Study
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Instructional Program Divisions
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Unleashing the Power of Virtual Learning Environment: Exploring the Impact on Learning Outcomes through a Meta-Analysis
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            NameFull: Yuhui Jing
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              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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