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Federative Coordination and Inequality of Provision: Brazil's Education Policy Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Title: Federative Coordination and Inequality of Provision: Brazil's Education Policy Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Language: English
Authors: Lorena G. Barberia, Luiz G. Roth Cantarelli, Pedro Schmalz, Ursula Dias Peres
Source: Comparative Education Review. 2026 70(1):170-193.
Availability: University of Chicago Press. Journals Division, P.O. Box 37005, Chicago, IL 60637. Tel: 877-705-1878; Tel: 773-753-3347; Fax: 877-705-1879; Fax: 773-753-0811; e-mail: subscriptions@press.uchicago.edu; Web site: http://www.press.uchicago.edu
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 24
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Educational Policy, COVID-19, Pandemics, Distance Education, Federal Government, Government Role, Coordination, Equal Education, Program Evaluation, Program Effectiveness, Measurement, Educational Administration
Geographic Terms: Brazil
DOI: 10.1086/739193
ISSN: 0010-4086
1545-701X
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic posed major challenges to federal systems, especially in balancing central and subnational responsibilities in education. This study introduces the Remote Education Program Index (REP Index), a novel metric to assess the quality and comprehensiveness of remote education policies adopted during the pandemic. Drawing on the Brazilian case, we evaluate daily data from all 27 subnational units between March 2020 and December 2021, and show that the absence of federal coordination and the loosening of fiscal obligations led to reductions in education spending and contributed to stark disparities in the quality of remote education programs. Our findings underscore that decentralized education management, in the absence of national guidance and redistribution, can exacerbate existing territorial inequalities during emergencies. The REP Index provides a valuable tool for evaluating remote learning policies and offers broader lessons for federations seeking to build more equitable education systems in times of crisis.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1500802
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Federative Coordination and Inequality of Provision: Brazil's Education Policy Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lorena+G%2E+Barberia%22">Lorena G. Barberia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Luiz+G%2E+Roth+Cantarelli%22">Luiz G. Roth Cantarelli</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pedro+Schmalz%22">Pedro Schmalz</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ursula+Dias+Peres%22">Ursula Dias Peres</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Comparative+Education+Review%22"><i>Comparative Education Review</i></searchLink>. 2026 70(1):170-193.
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  Data: University of Chicago Press. Journals Division, P.O. Box 37005, Chicago, IL 60637. Tel: 877-705-1878; Tel: 773-753-3347; Fax: 877-705-1879; Fax: 773-753-0811; e-mail: subscriptions@press.uchicago.edu; Web site: http://www.press.uchicago.edu
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brazil%22">Brazil</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1086/739193
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  Data: 0010-4086<br />1545-701X
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The COVID-19 pandemic posed major challenges to federal systems, especially in balancing central and subnational responsibilities in education. This study introduces the Remote Education Program Index (REP Index), a novel metric to assess the quality and comprehensiveness of remote education policies adopted during the pandemic. Drawing on the Brazilian case, we evaluate daily data from all 27 subnational units between March 2020 and December 2021, and show that the absence of federal coordination and the loosening of fiscal obligations led to reductions in education spending and contributed to stark disparities in the quality of remote education programs. Our findings underscore that decentralized education management, in the absence of national guidance and redistribution, can exacerbate existing territorial inequalities during emergencies. The REP Index provides a valuable tool for evaluating remote learning policies and offers broader lessons for federations seeking to build more equitable education systems in times of crisis.
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  Data: 2026
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        Value: 10.1086/739193
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
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        PageCount: 24
        StartPage: 170
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educational Policy
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      – SubjectFull: COVID-19
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      – SubjectFull: Distance Education
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      – SubjectFull: Equal Education
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      – SubjectFull: Educational Administration
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      – SubjectFull: Brazil
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      – TitleFull: Federative Coordination and Inequality of Provision: Brazil's Education Policy Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
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