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Physical Disabilities in Adolescence and Educational Attainment in Adulthood: The Mediating Role of Expectations, Discipline, and School Relationships

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Title: Physical Disabilities in Adolescence and Educational Attainment in Adulthood: The Mediating Role of Expectations, Discipline, and School Relationships
Language: English
Authors: Hyewon Son, Hayun Jang, S. V. Subramanian, Jinho Kim (ORCID 0000-0002-4675-4612)
Source: Youth & Society. 2026 58(3):454-473.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 20
Publication Date: 2026
Sponsoring Agency: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) (DHHS/NIH)
Contract Number: P01HD31921
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Physical Disabilities, Adolescents, Educational Attainment, Young Adults, Correlation, Expectation, Suspension, Teacher Student Relationship, Discipline, Aspiration, Expulsion, Peer Relationship, Student College Relationship
Assessment and Survey Identifiers: National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health
DOI: 10.1177/0044118X251360353
ISSN: 0044-118X
1552-8499
Abstract: Although prior research has examined the impact of developmental disabilities on educational outcomes, limited attention has been paid to physical disabilities and the mechanisms underlying their effects. This study investigates the relationship between adolescent physical disabilities and educational attainment in young adulthood using data from Waves I, II, and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. School fixed effects models were employed to adjust for contextual confounding. Multivariate bootstrapped mediation analyses explored potential pathways, including educational effort, disciplinary actions, aspirations and expectations, and school-based relationships. Findings indicate that a higher physical disability index is significantly associated with lower educational attainment. Educational expectations emerged as the most significant mediator, followed by suspension and difficulties in teacher relationships. Educational effort did not significantly mediate the relationship. These findings highlight the importance of supporting students with physical disabilities in social-psychological domains to enhance long-term educational outcomes.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1500809
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Physical Disabilities in Adolescence and Educational Attainment in Adulthood: The Mediating Role of Expectations, Discipline, and School Relationships
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hyewon+Son%22">Hyewon Son</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hayun+Jang%22">Hayun Jang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22S%2E+V%2E+Subramanian%22">S. V. Subramanian</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jinho+Kim%22">Jinho Kim</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4675-4612">0000-0002-4675-4612</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Youth+%26+Society%22"><i>Youth & Society</i></searchLink>. 2026 58(3):454-473.
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 20
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  Label: Publication Date
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) (DHHS/NIH)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Higher+Education%22">Higher Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Postsecondary+Education%22">Postsecondary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physical+Disabilities%22">Physical Disabilities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescents%22">Adolescents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Attainment%22">Educational Attainment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Young+Adults%22">Young Adults</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Correlation%22">Correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Expectation%22">Expectation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Suspension%22">Suspension</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+Student+Relationship%22">Teacher Student Relationship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Discipline%22">Discipline</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aspiration%22">Aspiration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Expulsion%22">Expulsion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Peer+Relationship%22">Peer Relationship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+College+Relationship%22">Student College Relationship</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1177/0044118X251360353
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  Data: 0044-118X<br />1552-8499
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Although prior research has examined the impact of developmental disabilities on educational outcomes, limited attention has been paid to physical disabilities and the mechanisms underlying their effects. This study investigates the relationship between adolescent physical disabilities and educational attainment in young adulthood using data from Waves I, II, and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. School fixed effects models were employed to adjust for contextual confounding. Multivariate bootstrapped mediation analyses explored potential pathways, including educational effort, disciplinary actions, aspirations and expectations, and school-based relationships. Findings indicate that a higher physical disability index is significantly associated with lower educational attainment. Educational expectations emerged as the most significant mediator, followed by suspension and difficulties in teacher relationships. Educational effort did not significantly mediate the relationship. These findings highlight the importance of supporting students with physical disabilities in social-psychological domains to enhance long-term educational outcomes.
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  Data: 2026
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  Label: Accession Number
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  Data: EJ1500809
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=EJ1500809
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1177/0044118X251360353
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 20
        StartPage: 454
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Physical Disabilities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educational Attainment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Young Adults
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Expectation
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      – SubjectFull: Suspension
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teacher Student Relationship
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Discipline
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aspiration
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      – SubjectFull: Expulsion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Peer Relationship
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      – SubjectFull: Student College Relationship
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Physical Disabilities in Adolescence and Educational Attainment in Adulthood: The Mediating Role of Expectations, Discipline, and School Relationships
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            NameFull: Hyewon Son
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            NameFull: Hayun Jang
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            NameFull: S. V. Subramanian
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            NameFull: Jinho Kim
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              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 0044-118X
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              Value: 1552-8499
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              Value: 58
            – Type: issue
              Value: 3
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            – TitleFull: Youth & Society
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