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Psychometric Properties of a Group-Based Measure of Children's Growth Mindset

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Title: Psychometric Properties of a Group-Based Measure of Children's Growth Mindset
Language: English
Authors: Espen Sagen (ORCID 0009-0006-4178-3947), Dieuwer ten Braak (ORCID 0000-0003-3200-0198)
Source: European Journal of Developmental Psychology. 2025 22(5):790-800.
Availability: Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 11
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Education
Early Childhood Education
Grade 1
Primary Education
Grade 2
Grade 3
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, Young Children, Test Construction, Test Reliability, Evaluation Methods, Construct Validity, Self Efficacy, Beliefs, Group Testing, Psychometrics
Geographic Terms: Norway
DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2025.2540806
ISSN: 1740-5629
1740-5610
Abstract: Research shows that students with growth mindsets perform better academically. However, most research focuses on high school students or older, and knowledge about growth mindsets in younger children is limited. This is due in part to a lack of a scalable measure of young students' mindsets. To address this issue, this study examines the psychometric properties of an academic growth mindset measure designed for grades 1-3, which can be administered to an entire class simultaneously. We tested this measure with 234 elementary school students, finding it reliably loaded on a single factor and demonstrated adequate reliability. It correlated with other academic orientations, a proxy measure of growth mindset, mathematical skills, and parents' beliefs about the malleability of abilities. We provide recommendations for further development to enhance its applicability for young learners.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1501480
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Psychometric Properties of a Group-Based Measure of Children's Growth Mindset
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Espen+Sagen%22">Espen Sagen</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4178-3947">0009-0006-4178-3947</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dieuwer+ten+Braak%22">Dieuwer ten Braak</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3200-0198">0000-0003-3200-0198</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22European+Journal+of+Developmental+Psychology%22"><i>European Journal of Developmental Psychology</i></searchLink>. 2025 22(5):790-800.
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  Data: Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 11
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Label: Education Level
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Education%22">Elementary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Early+Childhood+Education%22">Early Childhood Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+1%22">Grade 1</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Primary+Education%22">Primary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+2%22">Grade 2</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+3%22">Grade 3</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elementary+School+Students%22">Elementary School Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grade+1%22">Grade 1</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grade+2%22">Grade 2</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grade+3%22">Grade 3</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Young+Children%22">Young Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Construction%22">Test Construction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Reliability%22">Test Reliability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evaluation+Methods%22">Evaluation Methods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Construct+Validity%22">Construct Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self+Efficacy%22">Self Efficacy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Beliefs%22">Beliefs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Group+Testing%22">Group Testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychometrics%22">Psychometrics</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Norway%22">Norway</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1080/17405629.2025.2540806
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  Data: 1740-5629<br />1740-5610
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Research shows that students with growth mindsets perform better academically. However, most research focuses on high school students or older, and knowledge about growth mindsets in younger children is limited. This is due in part to a lack of a scalable measure of young students' mindsets. To address this issue, this study examines the psychometric properties of an academic growth mindset measure designed for grades 1-3, which can be administered to an entire class simultaneously. We tested this measure with 234 elementary school students, finding it reliably loaded on a single factor and demonstrated adequate reliability. It correlated with other academic orientations, a proxy measure of growth mindset, mathematical skills, and parents' beliefs about the malleability of abilities. We provide recommendations for further development to enhance its applicability for young learners.
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1501480
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=EJ1501480
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        Value: 10.1080/17405629.2025.2540806
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      – Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elementary School Students
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      – SubjectFull: Grade 1
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      – SubjectFull: Test Reliability
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      – SubjectFull: Self Efficacy
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