Evaluating the Logic of a Policy-Driven National Language Test in Indonesia: A Critical Discursive Investigation of the Test of Indonesian Proficiency (UKBI)
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| Title: | Evaluating the Logic of a Policy-Driven National Language Test in Indonesia: A Critical Discursive Investigation of the Test of Indonesian Proficiency (UKBI) |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Authors: | Rahmad Adi Wijaya (ORCID |
| Source: | Language Testing. 2026 43(2):119-140. |
| Availability: | SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com |
| Peer Reviewed: | Y |
| Page Count: | 22 |
| Publication Date: | 2026 |
| Document Type: | Journal Articles Reports - Research |
| Descriptors: | Foreign Countries, Language Tests, Indonesian, National Competency Tests, Language Proficiency, Public Policy, Public Agencies, Test Use, Test Results |
| Geographic Terms: | Indonesia |
| DOI: | 10.1177/02655322251351710 |
| ISSN: | 0265-5322 1477-0946 |
| Abstract: | This study examines the Test of Indonesian Proficiency ("Uji Kemahiran Berbahasa Indonesia" [UKBI]), a national language test developed by the Indonesian government's language planning agency, Badan Bahasa, and promoted for various uses across education, employment, and immigration domains. This is illustrative of broader trends; language tests, like UKBI, have become integral to policy agendas and can serve multiple social and political purposes, many extending well beyond test design intentions. Research is urgently needed to examine how government agencies and other test users rationalize the need for and the legitimacy of policy-based test uses, as a means of promoting public acceptance and support, particularly where an empirical basis for test uses is lacking. We address this by identifying claims made by Badan Bahasa about UKBI scores, uses and consequences across policy documents, media releases, and website materials. We then combine Van Leeuwen's language of legitimation framework and Reisigl and Wodak's discourse historical approach to critically examine the discursive strategies engaged by Badan Bahasa to promote the legitimacy of the UKBI and its uses. The study sheds light on the social values and ideologies underlying testing practices, providing new insights into how tests as policy instruments come to be imbued with meaning and authority. |
| Abstractor: | As Provided |
| Entry Date: | 2026 |
| Accession Number: | EJ1501863 |
| Database: | ERIC |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: eric DbLabel: ERIC An: EJ1501863 AccessLevel: 3 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Evaluating the Logic of a Policy-Driven National Language Test in Indonesia: A Critical Discursive Investigation of the Test of Indonesian Proficiency (UKBI) – Name: Language Label: Language Group: Lang Data: English – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rahmad+Adi+Wijaya%22">Rahmad Adi Wijaya</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3969-9653">0009-0004-3969-9653</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kellie+Frost%22">Kellie Frost</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3424-3161">0000-0002-3424-3161</externalLink>) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Language+Testing%22"><i>Language Testing</i></searchLink>. 2026 43(2):119-140. – Name: Avail Label: Availability Group: Avail Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com – Name: PeerReviewed Label: Peer Reviewed Group: SrcInfo Data: Y – Name: Pages Label: Page Count Group: Src Data: 22 – Name: DatePubCY Label: Publication Date Group: Date Data: 2026 – Name: TypeDocument Label: Document Type Group: TypDoc Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research – Name: Subject Label: Descriptors Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Tests%22">Language Tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Indonesian%22">Indonesian</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22National+Competency+Tests%22">National Competency Tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Proficiency%22">Language Proficiency</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Public+Policy%22">Public Policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Public+Agencies%22">Public Agencies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Use%22">Test Use</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Results%22">Test Results</searchLink> – Name: Subject Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Indonesia%22">Indonesia</searchLink> – Name: DOI Label: DOI Group: ID Data: 10.1177/02655322251351710 – Name: ISSN Label: ISSN Group: ISSN Data: 0265-5322<br />1477-0946 – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: This study examines the Test of Indonesian Proficiency ("Uji Kemahiran Berbahasa Indonesia" [UKBI]), a national language test developed by the Indonesian government's language planning agency, Badan Bahasa, and promoted for various uses across education, employment, and immigration domains. This is illustrative of broader trends; language tests, like UKBI, have become integral to policy agendas and can serve multiple social and political purposes, many extending well beyond test design intentions. Research is urgently needed to examine how government agencies and other test users rationalize the need for and the legitimacy of policy-based test uses, as a means of promoting public acceptance and support, particularly where an empirical basis for test uses is lacking. We address this by identifying claims made by Badan Bahasa about UKBI scores, uses and consequences across policy documents, media releases, and website materials. We then combine Van Leeuwen's language of legitimation framework and Reisigl and Wodak's discourse historical approach to critically examine the discursive strategies engaged by Badan Bahasa to promote the legitimacy of the UKBI and its uses. The study sheds light on the social values and ideologies underlying testing practices, providing new insights into how tests as policy instruments come to be imbued with meaning and authority. – Name: AbstractInfo Label: Abstractor Group: Ab Data: As Provided – Name: DateEntry Label: Entry Date Group: Date Data: 2026 – Name: AN Label: Accession Number Group: ID Data: EJ1501863 |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=EJ1501863 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1177/02655322251351710 Languages: – Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 22 StartPage: 119 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries Type: general – SubjectFull: Language Tests Type: general – SubjectFull: Indonesian Type: general – SubjectFull: National Competency Tests Type: general – SubjectFull: Language Proficiency Type: general – SubjectFull: Public Policy Type: general – SubjectFull: Public Agencies Type: general – SubjectFull: Test Use Type: general – SubjectFull: Test Results Type: general – SubjectFull: Indonesia Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Evaluating the Logic of a Policy-Driven National Language Test in Indonesia: A Critical Discursive Investigation of the Test of Indonesian Proficiency (UKBI) Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Rahmad Adi Wijaya – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kellie Frost IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 04 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 0265-5322 – Type: issn-electronic Value: 1477-0946 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 43 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Language Testing Type: main |
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