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Construction of a Taiwanese (Han and Indigenous) Version of Positive Youth Development Scale--Short and Very Short Forms

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Title: Construction of a Taiwanese (Han and Indigenous) Version of Positive Youth Development Scale--Short and Very Short Forms
Language: English
Authors: Pei-Jung Yang, Pei-Chiang Lee, Meredith McGinley
Source: Developmental Psychology. 2026 62(1):303-319.
Availability: American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 17
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Education
Grade 7
Junior High Schools
Middle Schools
Secondary Education
Grade 8
Grade 9
High Schools
Descriptors: Measures (Individuals), Adolescents, Adolescent Development, Foreign Countries, Indigenous Populations, Grade 7, Grade 8, Grade 9, Test Construction, Test Length
Geographic Terms: Taiwan
DOI: 10.1037/dev0001988
ISSN: 0012-1649
1939-0599
Abstract: This study investigated the construction of shortened Five Cs measures of positive youth development (PYD) for middle adolescents in the Taiwanese context. Based on a three-cohort sequential design, a total of 855 adolescents (55.6% Han and 44.4% Indigenous; mean ages were 12.98, 13.92, and 14.83, respectively, for the seventh-, eighth-, and ninth-grade data) were included. Respective Positive Youth Development--Short Form (PYD-SF) and Positive Youth Development--Very Short Form (PYD-VSF) Five Cs measures were constructed specifically for Han and Indigenous Taiwanese adolescents. The Five Cs bifactor structure was evident and appeared to be generally similar across grades for the PYD-SF during middle adolescence, whereas a Four Cs (Confidence, Connection, Character, Caring) structure emerged for the PYD-VSF for both Han and Indigenous groups. The exclusion of Competence in the VSF structure particularly highlights the specific scholastic context in Taiwan. The general PYD factor was associated with greater chances of helping behaviors and community involvement and fewer depressive symptoms for both groups in PYD-SF and PYD-VSF, supporting the validity of these forms and the use of the general PYD factor as an indicator for positive development for youth in the Majority World. Despite the limitations discussed, we believe our results may serve as an exemplar for the optimization of the measurement of PYD in today's diverse youth.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1502904
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Construction of a Taiwanese (Han and Indigenous) Version of Positive Youth Development Scale--Short and Very Short Forms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pei-Jung+Yang%22">Pei-Jung Yang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pei-Chiang+Lee%22">Pei-Chiang Lee</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meredith+McGinley%22">Meredith McGinley</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Developmental+Psychology%22"><i>Developmental Psychology</i></searchLink>. 2026 62(1):303-319.
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  Data: American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org
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  Data: Y
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  Label: Page Count
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  Data: 17
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Education%22">Elementary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+7%22">Grade 7</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Junior+High+Schools%22">Junior High Schools</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Middle+Schools%22">Middle Schools</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Secondary+Education%22">Secondary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+8%22">Grade 8</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+9%22">Grade 9</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22High+Schools%22">High Schools</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Taiwan%22">Taiwan</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1037/dev0001988
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  Data: 0012-1649<br />1939-0599
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study investigated the construction of shortened Five Cs measures of positive youth development (PYD) for middle adolescents in the Taiwanese context. Based on a three-cohort sequential design, a total of 855 adolescents (55.6% Han and 44.4% Indigenous; mean ages were 12.98, 13.92, and 14.83, respectively, for the seventh-, eighth-, and ninth-grade data) were included. Respective Positive Youth Development--Short Form (PYD-SF) and Positive Youth Development--Very Short Form (PYD-VSF) Five Cs measures were constructed specifically for Han and Indigenous Taiwanese adolescents. The Five Cs bifactor structure was evident and appeared to be generally similar across grades for the PYD-SF during middle adolescence, whereas a Four Cs (Confidence, Connection, Character, Caring) structure emerged for the PYD-VSF for both Han and Indigenous groups. The exclusion of Competence in the VSF structure particularly highlights the specific scholastic context in Taiwan. The general PYD factor was associated with greater chances of helping behaviors and community involvement and fewer depressive symptoms for both groups in PYD-SF and PYD-VSF, supporting the validity of these forms and the use of the general PYD factor as an indicator for positive development for youth in the Majority World. Despite the limitations discussed, we believe our results may serve as an exemplar for the optimization of the measurement of PYD in today's diverse youth.
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1502904
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 303
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Measures (Individuals)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescents
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      – SubjectFull: Adolescent Development
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
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      – SubjectFull: Indigenous Populations
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      – SubjectFull: Test Construction
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      – SubjectFull: Test Length
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      – SubjectFull: Taiwan
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