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Atypical Theta and Low Gamma Band Auditory Sampling in Chinese Children with Developmental Dyslexia: An ASSR Study

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Title: Atypical Theta and Low Gamma Band Auditory Sampling in Chinese Children with Developmental Dyslexia: An ASSR Study
Language: English
Authors: Jiaru Tang (ORCID 0000-0001-5237-1901), Zihan Yang (ORCID 0009-0006-2206-5288), Junzhe Wang, Yaowen Liang, Chenguang Zhao, Jiushu Xie (ORCID 0000-0003-4300-1516), Guosheng Ding, Manli Zhang, Jiuju Wang, Xin Cui (ORCID 0000-0002-5974-5264), Xiujie Yang (ORCID 0000-0001-8866-0203), Hua Shu
Source: Developmental Science. 2026 29(3).
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 17
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Developmental Disabilities, Dyslexia, Children, Auditory Perception, Cognitive Processes, Reading Difficulties, Auditory Discrimination, Syllables, Phonemes, Language Rhythm, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Naming, Language Processing, Speech Communication
Geographic Terms: China
DOI: 10.1111/desc.70162
ISSN: 1363-755X
1467-7687
Abstract: Children with developmental dyslexia (DD) exhibit deficits in auditory temporal processing, potentially linking to their difficulties in reading. Previous studies in alphabetic languages have reported atypical neural synchronization to low-frequency rhythms. For non-alphabetic languages like Chinese, however, the specific frequency bands involved and the cognitive mechanisms through which such abnormalities might relate to reading outcomes are less clearly understood. In this study, we recorded Auditory Steady-State Responses (ASSRs) from 64 Chinese children, including 38 with DD, in response to white noise amplitude-modulated (AM) at 4 Hz (syllabic rhythm) and 30 Hz (phonemic rhythm). Findings revealed that children with DD exhibited atypical auditory temporal sampling patterns, marked by a trend toward excessive responses in the temporal cortex at 4 Hz and diminished responses in the frontal cortex at 30 Hz, particularly among older children in Grades 3-6 (DD: n = 12, M[subscript age] = 10.88 years; typical development [TD]: n = 15, M[subscript age] = 11.00 years). In addition, in TD children, temporal-region ASSRs elicited by 4 Hz AM noise were indirectly associated with reading fluency via rapid automatized naming (RAN), whereas this pathway was not evident in children with dyslexia. These dual anomalies at the theta and low gamma bands may reflect a developmental failure in neural entrainment, disrupting both syllabic and phonemic-level speech processing. This study provides novel evidence for frequency- and region-specific auditory processing deficits in Chinese children with DD, which also highlight the importance of considering both language-specific characteristics and age-related modulation in understanding the neural oscillatory mechanisms underlying dyslexia.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1504335
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Atypical Theta and Low Gamma Band Auditory Sampling in Chinese Children with Developmental Dyslexia: An ASSR Study
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  Data: English
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jiaru+Tang%22">Jiaru Tang</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-1901">0000-0001-5237-1901</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zihan+Yang%22">Zihan Yang</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2206-5288">0009-0006-2206-5288</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Junzhe+Wang%22">Junzhe Wang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yaowen+Liang%22">Yaowen Liang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chenguang+Zhao%22">Chenguang Zhao</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jiushu+Xie%22">Jiushu Xie</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4300-1516">0000-0003-4300-1516</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guosheng+Ding%22">Guosheng Ding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Manli+Zhang%22">Manli Zhang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jiuju+Wang%22">Jiuju Wang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xin+Cui%22">Xin Cui</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5974-5264">0000-0002-5974-5264</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xiujie+Yang%22">Xiujie Yang</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8866-0203">0000-0001-8866-0203</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hua+Shu%22">Hua Shu</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Developmental+Science%22"><i>Developmental Science</i></searchLink>. 2026 29(3).
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 17
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Developmental+Disabilities%22">Developmental Disabilities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dyslexia%22">Dyslexia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Auditory+Perception%22">Auditory Perception</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+Processes%22">Cognitive Processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reading+Difficulties%22">Reading Difficulties</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Auditory+Discrimination%22">Auditory Discrimination</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Syllables%22">Syllables</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phonemes%22">Phonemes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Rhythm%22">Language Rhythm</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+Hemisphere+Functions%22">Brain Hemisphere Functions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Naming%22">Naming</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Processing%22">Language Processing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+Communication%22">Speech Communication</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22China%22">China</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
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  Data: 10.1111/desc.70162
– Name: ISSN
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  Data: 1363-755X<br />1467-7687
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Children with developmental dyslexia (DD) exhibit deficits in auditory temporal processing, potentially linking to their difficulties in reading. Previous studies in alphabetic languages have reported atypical neural synchronization to low-frequency rhythms. For non-alphabetic languages like Chinese, however, the specific frequency bands involved and the cognitive mechanisms through which such abnormalities might relate to reading outcomes are less clearly understood. In this study, we recorded Auditory Steady-State Responses (ASSRs) from 64 Chinese children, including 38 with DD, in response to white noise amplitude-modulated (AM) at 4 Hz (syllabic rhythm) and 30 Hz (phonemic rhythm). Findings revealed that children with DD exhibited atypical auditory temporal sampling patterns, marked by a trend toward excessive responses in the temporal cortex at 4 Hz and diminished responses in the frontal cortex at 30 Hz, particularly among older children in Grades 3-6 (DD: n = 12, M[subscript age] = 10.88 years; typical development [TD]: n = 15, M[subscript age] = 11.00 years). In addition, in TD children, temporal-region ASSRs elicited by 4 Hz AM noise were indirectly associated with reading fluency via rapid automatized naming (RAN), whereas this pathway was not evident in children with dyslexia. These dual anomalies at the theta and low gamma bands may reflect a developmental failure in neural entrainment, disrupting both syllabic and phonemic-level speech processing. This study provides novel evidence for frequency- and region-specific auditory processing deficits in Chinese children with DD, which also highlight the importance of considering both language-specific characteristics and age-related modulation in understanding the neural oscillatory mechanisms underlying dyslexia.
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  Data: As Provided
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1504335
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=EJ1504335
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        Value: 10.1111/desc.70162
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Developmental Disabilities
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      – SubjectFull: Phonemes
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      – SubjectFull: China
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