Executive Functions and School Achievement: The Mediating Role of Learning-Related Behaviour in Primary School Children

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Title: Executive Functions and School Achievement: The Mediating Role of Learning-Related Behaviour in Primary School Children
Language: English
Authors: Carlotta Rivella (ORCID 0000-0003-4469-4182), Paola Viterbori (ORCID 0000-0002-0241-646X)
Source: British Journal of Educational Psychology. 2026 96(2):821-837.
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 17
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Education
Early Childhood Education
Grade 1
Primary Education
Descriptors: Executive Function, Academic Achievement, Student Behavior, Elementary School Students, Grade 1, Correlation, Short Term Memory, Inhibition, Foreign Countries, Reading Achievement, Mathematics Achievement
Geographic Terms: Italy
Assessment and Survey Identifiers: Raven Progressive Matrices
DOI: 10.1111/bjep.70053
ISSN: 0007-0998
2044-8279
Abstract: Background: Executive functions (EFs) are critical in school and closely linked to academic achievement and learning-related behaviours (LRBs). LRBs encompass the ability to adapt to school demands, including concentration, adherence to rules, and autonomy. Aims: This correlational study aimed to examine the mediating role of LRB in the association between EF and academic achievement in the first year of primary school. Sample and Method: Ninety-five first graders underwent a performance-based EF assessment, involving tasks related to working memory and inhibition. Concurrently, they completed literacy and math tasks, while their teacher provided reports on their LRBs. Results: The results indicate that depending on the specific EF component or learning domain considered, diverse patterns emerge. Nevertheless, the findings consistently show that EFs are directly and indirectly associated with learning outcomes, with the mediating influence of LRBs. Conclusions: These results emphasize the importance of supporting EF development into early education curricula.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1505304
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Executive Functions and School Achievement: The Mediating Role of Learning-Related Behaviour in Primary School Children
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Carlotta+Rivella%22">Carlotta Rivella</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-4182">0000-0003-4469-4182</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Paola+Viterbori%22">Paola Viterbori</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-646X">0000-0002-0241-646X</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22British+Journal+of+Educational+Psychology%22"><i>British Journal of Educational Psychology</i></searchLink>. 2026 96(2):821-837.
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 17
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Education%22">Elementary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Early+Childhood+Education%22">Early Childhood Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+1%22">Grade 1</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Primary+Education%22">Primary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Executive+Function%22">Executive Function</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Academic+Achievement%22">Academic Achievement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Behavior%22">Student Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elementary+School+Students%22">Elementary School Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grade+1%22">Grade 1</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Correlation%22">Correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Short+Term+Memory%22">Short Term Memory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Inhibition%22">Inhibition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reading+Achievement%22">Reading Achievement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematics+Achievement%22">Mathematics Achievement</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Italy%22">Italy</searchLink>
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  Label: Assessment and Survey Identifiers
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SU" term="%22Raven+Progressive+Matrices%22">Raven Progressive Matrices</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1111/bjep.70053
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  Data: 0007-0998<br />2044-8279
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: Executive functions (EFs) are critical in school and closely linked to academic achievement and learning-related behaviours (LRBs). LRBs encompass the ability to adapt to school demands, including concentration, adherence to rules, and autonomy. Aims: This correlational study aimed to examine the mediating role of LRB in the association between EF and academic achievement in the first year of primary school. Sample and Method: Ninety-five first graders underwent a performance-based EF assessment, involving tasks related to working memory and inhibition. Concurrently, they completed literacy and math tasks, while their teacher provided reports on their LRBs. Results: The results indicate that depending on the specific EF component or learning domain considered, diverse patterns emerge. Nevertheless, the findings consistently show that EFs are directly and indirectly associated with learning outcomes, with the mediating influence of LRBs. Conclusions: These results emphasize the importance of supporting EF development into early education curricula.
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