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The Impacts of M-Learning Tools on Students' Performance and Self-Directed Learning Capabilities in Economics Subjects

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Title: The Impacts of M-Learning Tools on Students' Performance and Self-Directed Learning Capabilities in Economics Subjects
Language: English
Authors: Mohd Zaim Zainal Adnan (ORCID 0009-0009-5290-3264), Mohamad Zuber Abd Majid (ORCID 0000-0001-5434-5926), Nofouz Mafarja (ORCID 0000-0001-7367-3431), Maslawati Mohamad (ORCID 0000-0002-8979-5895), Aidah Abdul Karim (ORCID 0000-0002-1115-1205), Nur Fadzlunnisaa’ Wakimin (ORCID 0000-0002-8233-4957)
Source: Educational Process: International Journal. Article e2026040 2026 22.
Availability: UNIVERSITEPARK Limited. iTOWER Plaza (No61, 9th floor) Merkez Mh Akar Cd No3, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey 34382. e-mail: editor@edupij.com; Web site: http://www.edupij.com/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 16
Publication Date: 2026
Intended Audience: Teachers
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Secondary Education
Descriptors: Economics Education, Electronic Learning, Academic Achievement, Independent Study, Secondary School Students, Foreign Countries, Influence of Technology
Geographic Terms: Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur)
ISSN: 2147-0901
2564-8020
Abstract: Background/Purpose: This article examines the impact of M-learning tools in economics courses, focusing on students' academic performance, self-directed learning, and ability to manage their studies outside traditional classrooms. The underpinning theories are the Technology Framework Model (TAM) and the self-directed learning theory. Implementing these two theories is also aligned with 21st-century teaching and learning approaches. Materials/Methods: The study used a quasi-experimental research design to identify the impacts of M-learning tools on students' academic performance and self-directed learning. There were 28 participants in both treatment and control groups. The research instruments were a set of questionnaires, a pretest, and post-tests. The data were analyzed using a paired t-test. Results: The findings indicate that the M-learning tool for the economics subject has positive impacts on students' academic performance and self-directed learning capabilities. The integration of M-learning tools in economics courses significantly enhances students' academic performance and self-directed learning. The findings of this study provide insights for economics teachers on integrating M-learning tools into their classrooms. Conclusion: This study offers a valuable contribution by highlighting the impact of M-learning on academic performance and the fostering of self-directed learning capabilities. The study's findings also illustrate the potential of M-learning tools to promote a flexible learning environment and self-directed learning capabilities. This study's findings also provide valuable insights for educators on integrating M-learning tools in their own classroom settings.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1505407
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
CustomLinks:
  – Url: https://eric.ed.gov/contentdelivery/servlet/ERICServlet?accno=EJ1505407
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mohd+Zaim+Zainal+Adnan%22">Mohd Zaim Zainal Adnan</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5290-3264">0009-0009-5290-3264</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mohamad+Zuber+Abd+Majid%22">Mohamad Zuber Abd Majid</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5434-5926">0000-0001-5434-5926</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nofouz+Mafarja%22">Nofouz Mafarja</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7367-3431">0000-0001-7367-3431</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maslawati+Mohamad%22">Maslawati Mohamad</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8979-5895">0000-0002-8979-5895</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aidah+Abdul+Karim%22">Aidah Abdul Karim</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1115-1205">0000-0002-1115-1205</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nur+Fadzlunnisaa%27+Wakimin%22">Nur Fadzlunnisaa’ Wakimin</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8233-4957">0000-0002-8233-4957</externalLink>)
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  Data: UNIVERSITEPARK Limited. iTOWER Plaza (No61, 9th floor) Merkez Mh Akar Cd No3, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey 34382. e-mail: editor@edupij.com; Web site: http://www.edupij.com/
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Economics+Education%22">Economics Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electronic+Learning%22">Electronic Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Academic+Achievement%22">Academic Achievement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Independent+Study%22">Independent Study</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Secondary+School+Students%22">Secondary School Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Influence+of+Technology%22">Influence of Technology</searchLink>
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  Data: Background/Purpose: This article examines the impact of M-learning tools in economics courses, focusing on students' academic performance, self-directed learning, and ability to manage their studies outside traditional classrooms. The underpinning theories are the Technology Framework Model (TAM) and the self-directed learning theory. Implementing these two theories is also aligned with 21st-century teaching and learning approaches. Materials/Methods: The study used a quasi-experimental research design to identify the impacts of M-learning tools on students' academic performance and self-directed learning. There were 28 participants in both treatment and control groups. The research instruments were a set of questionnaires, a pretest, and post-tests. The data were analyzed using a paired t-test. Results: The findings indicate that the M-learning tool for the economics subject has positive impacts on students' academic performance and self-directed learning capabilities. The integration of M-learning tools in economics courses significantly enhances students' academic performance and self-directed learning. The findings of this study provide insights for economics teachers on integrating M-learning tools into their classrooms. Conclusion: This study offers a valuable contribution by highlighting the impact of M-learning on academic performance and the fostering of self-directed learning capabilities. The study's findings also illustrate the potential of M-learning tools to promote a flexible learning environment and self-directed learning capabilities. This study's findings also provide valuable insights for educators on integrating M-learning tools in their own classroom settings.
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    Languages:
      – Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Economics Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electronic Learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Academic Achievement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Independent Study
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Secondary School Students
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Influence of Technology
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      – SubjectFull: Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur)
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: The Impacts of M-Learning Tools on Students' Performance and Self-Directed Learning Capabilities in Economics Subjects
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