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Vaccinating Adolescents with Intellectual and Developmental Disability at School: An Opportunity to Promote Supported Decision Making

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Title: Vaccinating Adolescents with Intellectual and Developmental Disability at School: An Opportunity to Promote Supported Decision Making
Language: English
Authors: Christiane Klinner (ORCID 0000-0001-9313-6799), Alexandra Young, Iva Strnadová, Jenny O'Neill, Christy E. Newman, Horas Wong, Cristyn Davies, Cassandra Vujovich-Dunn, S. Rachel Skinner, Deidre Brogan (ORCID 0000-0002-3830-2237), Melissa Kang, Margie Danchin, Rebecca Guy, Allison Carter
Source: Journal of School Nursing. 2026 42(3):271-283.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 13
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Students with Disabilities, Intellectual Disability, Developmental Disabilities, School Health Services, Immunization Programs, Adolescents, Special Education, Student Participation, Barriers, Nurses, Role, Knowledge Level, Foreign Countries
Geographic Terms: Australia
DOI: 10.1177/10598405241312981
ISSN: 1059-8405
1546-8364
Abstract: Internationally, vaccination rates among adolescents with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) are lower than those of the general population. Little research has addressed this issue. This study investigates the experiences of vaccinating adolescents with IDD in special education settings in Australia, with a focus on student engagement. Semistructured interviews and focus groups were undertaken with 50 stakeholders involved in the school vaccination program. Data was analyzed thematically using a framework approach. We identified five themes: lack of student engagement, practices discouraging engagement, practices fostering engagement, lack of vaccination protocol adjustments, and lack of disability-specific nurse training. Nurses' limited knowledge and skills in engaging students with IDD can result in unethical practices, students feeling excluded from vaccination decisions, and students being traumatized by negative treatment experiences. Clinical protocols lack guidance and reasonable adjustments to provide inclusive vaccination services. Supported decision making could provide more inclusive school vaccinations, more positive vaccination experiences, and higher vaccination rates among adolescents with IDD.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1505816
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Vaccinating Adolescents with Intellectual and Developmental Disability at School: An Opportunity to Promote Supported Decision Making
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Christiane+Klinner%22">Christiane Klinner</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9313-6799">0000-0001-9313-6799</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alexandra+Young%22">Alexandra Young</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Iva+Strnadová%22">Iva Strnadová</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jenny+O'Neill%22">Jenny O'Neill</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Christy+E%2E+Newman%22">Christy E. Newman</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Horas+Wong%22">Horas Wong</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cristyn+Davies%22">Cristyn Davies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cassandra+Vujovich-Dunn%22">Cassandra Vujovich-Dunn</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22S%2E+Rachel+Skinner%22">S. Rachel Skinner</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Deidre+Brogan%22">Deidre Brogan</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3830-2237">0000-0002-3830-2237</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Melissa+Kang%22">Melissa Kang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Margie+Danchin%22">Margie Danchin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rebecca+Guy%22">Rebecca Guy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Allison+Carter%22">Allison Carter</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+School+Nursing%22"><i>Journal of School Nursing</i></searchLink>. 2026 42(3):271-283.
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 13
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Students+with+Disabilities%22">Students with Disabilities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intellectual+Disability%22">Intellectual Disability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Developmental+Disabilities%22">Developmental Disabilities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+Health+Services%22">School Health Services</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Immunization+Programs%22">Immunization Programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescents%22">Adolescents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Special+Education%22">Special Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Participation%22">Student Participation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Barriers%22">Barriers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nurses%22">Nurses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Role%22">Role</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Knowledge+Level%22">Knowledge Level</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Australia%22">Australia</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1177/10598405241312981
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  Data: 1059-8405<br />1546-8364
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Internationally, vaccination rates among adolescents with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) are lower than those of the general population. Little research has addressed this issue. This study investigates the experiences of vaccinating adolescents with IDD in special education settings in Australia, with a focus on student engagement. Semistructured interviews and focus groups were undertaken with 50 stakeholders involved in the school vaccination program. Data was analyzed thematically using a framework approach. We identified five themes: lack of student engagement, practices discouraging engagement, practices fostering engagement, lack of vaccination protocol adjustments, and lack of disability-specific nurse training. Nurses' limited knowledge and skills in engaging students with IDD can result in unethical practices, students feeling excluded from vaccination decisions, and students being traumatized by negative treatment experiences. Clinical protocols lack guidance and reasonable adjustments to provide inclusive vaccination services. Supported decision making could provide more inclusive school vaccinations, more positive vaccination experiences, and higher vaccination rates among adolescents with IDD.
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  Data: 2026
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        Value: 10.1177/10598405241312981
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      – SubjectFull: Intellectual Disability
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      – SubjectFull: Developmental Disabilities
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      – SubjectFull: School Health Services
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      – SubjectFull: Immunization Programs
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      – SubjectFull: Adolescents
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