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Gender Equality, Diversity, and Social Inclusion: Validation and Development of an Instrument for Higher Education

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Title: Gender Equality, Diversity, and Social Inclusion: Validation and Development of an Instrument for Higher Education
Language: English
Authors: Nilo Jayoma Castulo, Maryfe M. Roxas, Arlyne C. Marasigan, Jayson L. De Vera, Ma. Laarni D. Buenaventura, Starr Clyde L. Sebial, John Michael D. Aquino, Bon Jovi Hajan, Mark Ponce C. San Juan, Karen Abegail C. Lee
Source: Journal of Comparative and International Higher Education. 2026 18(2):159-203.
Availability: Journal of Comparative and International Higher Education. 3107 B Hampton Highway, Yorktown, VA 23693. e-mail: oic213@lehigh.edu; Web site: https://digitalcommons.lib.uconn.edu/jcihe/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 45
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Tests/Questionnaires
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Diversity Equity and Inclusion, Sex Fairness, Gender Issues, Material Development, Foreign Countries, Content Validity, College Students, College Faculty, Administrators
Geographic Terms: Philippines
ISSN: 2151-0393
2151-0407
Abstract: Gender Equality, Diversity, and Social Inclusion (GEDSI) are critical in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals number 4 (Quality Education), number 5 (Gender Equality), and number 10 (Reduced Inequalities), impacting various aspects of society, organizations, and individual well-being. While GEDSI remains a pressing concern worldwide, this study aims to design an instrument for the GEDSI situationer tool for students, administrative staff, and faculty members. The instrument undergoes a thorough validation and development process utilizing a mixed-method design. First, the item is designed through Focus Group Interviews (FGIs) on GEDSI in a prominent state university in the Philippines. Through exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) using survey responses from 374 students and PLS-SEM for 40 faculty and 51 administrative staff, the study found that the data met all four fit statistics cutoffs, including Cronbach Alpha (α) ≥ 0.9, excellent in most of the factors except for factor 1 of the Student Tool, which has a score of 0.78 (acceptable), item loadings, average variance extracted (AVE), and composite reliability results. The validated GEDSI Situationer Tool is a reliable instrument for assessing and addressing gender-related issues in the institution. This would help make evidence-based decisions and develop solutions to create a more inclusive and equitable environment.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1506723
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Gender Equality, Diversity, and Social Inclusion: Validation and Development of an Instrument for Higher Education
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nilo+Jayoma+Castulo%22">Nilo Jayoma Castulo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maryfe+M%2E+Roxas%22">Maryfe M. Roxas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arlyne+C%2E+Marasigan%22">Arlyne C. Marasigan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jayson+L%2E+De+Vera%22">Jayson L. De Vera</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ma%2E+Laarni+D%2E+Buenaventura%22">Ma. Laarni D. Buenaventura</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Starr+Clyde+L%2E+Sebial%22">Starr Clyde L. Sebial</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22John+Michael+D%2E+Aquino%22">John Michael D. Aquino</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bon+Jovi+Hajan%22">Bon Jovi Hajan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mark+Ponce+C%2E+San+Juan%22">Mark Ponce C. San Juan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karen+Abegail+C%2E+Lee%22">Karen Abegail C. Lee</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Comparative+and+International+Higher+Education%22"><i>Journal of Comparative and International Higher Education</i></searchLink>. 2026 18(2):159-203.
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  Data: Journal of Comparative and International Higher Education. 3107 B Hampton Highway, Yorktown, VA 23693. e-mail: oic213@lehigh.edu; Web site: https://digitalcommons.lib.uconn.edu/jcihe/
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diversity+Equity+and+Inclusion%22">Diversity Equity and Inclusion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sex+Fairness%22">Sex Fairness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender+Issues%22">Gender Issues</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Material+Development%22">Material Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Content+Validity%22">Content Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22College+Students%22">College Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22College+Faculty%22">College Faculty</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Administrators%22">Administrators</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Philippines%22">Philippines</searchLink>
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  Data: 2151-0393<br />2151-0407
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  Data: Gender Equality, Diversity, and Social Inclusion (GEDSI) are critical in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals number 4 (Quality Education), number 5 (Gender Equality), and number 10 (Reduced Inequalities), impacting various aspects of society, organizations, and individual well-being. While GEDSI remains a pressing concern worldwide, this study aims to design an instrument for the GEDSI situationer tool for students, administrative staff, and faculty members. The instrument undergoes a thorough validation and development process utilizing a mixed-method design. First, the item is designed through Focus Group Interviews (FGIs) on GEDSI in a prominent state university in the Philippines. Through exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) using survey responses from 374 students and PLS-SEM for 40 faculty and 51 administrative staff, the study found that the data met all four fit statistics cutoffs, including Cronbach Alpha (α) ≥ 0.9, excellent in most of the factors except for factor 1 of the Student Tool, which has a score of 0.78 (acceptable), item loadings, average variance extracted (AVE), and composite reliability results. The validated GEDSI Situationer Tool is a reliable instrument for assessing and addressing gender-related issues in the institution. This would help make evidence-based decisions and develop solutions to create a more inclusive and equitable environment.
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  Data: 2026
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 45
        StartPage: 159
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Diversity Equity and Inclusion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sex Fairness
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      – SubjectFull: Gender Issues
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      – SubjectFull: Material Development
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
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      – SubjectFull: Content Validity
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      – SubjectFull: College Students
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      – SubjectFull: Philippines
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