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The Impact of Online Learning Enablers and Barriers on Math Anxiety and Math Performance: Insights from Indonesian Engineering Students

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Title: The Impact of Online Learning Enablers and Barriers on Math Anxiety and Math Performance: Insights from Indonesian Engineering Students
Language: English
Authors: Wirawan Setialaksana (ORCID 0000-0001-9026-2749), Nurul Mukhlisah Abdal, Andi Yunarni Yusri, Andi Trisnowali Ms, Sartika Arifin
Source: Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education. 2026 18(4):1015-1030.
Availability: Emerald Publishing Limited. Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley, West Yorkshire, BD16 1WA, UK. Tel: +44-1274-777700; Fax: +44-1274-785201; e-mail: emerald@emeraldinsight.com; Web site: http://www.emerald.com/insight
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 16
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, College Students, Engineering Education, Electronic Learning, Asynchronous Communication, Mathematics Anxiety, Mathematics Achievement, Barriers, Student Attitudes, Incentives, Influences
Geographic Terms: Indonesia
DOI: 10.1108/JARHE-06-2024-0309
ISSN: 2050-7003
1758-1184
Abstract: Purpose: Math-related courses play a crucial role in determining academic achievement and professional competence in engineering education, which is often affected by math anxiety. Few studies have examined the effect of enablers and barriers in an asynchronous context on math anxiety and math achievement. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of enablers and barriers to asynchronous learning on students' math anxiety and math achievement. Design/methodology/approach: The study is quantitative non-experimental research. A total of 320 students volunteered for the study and completed questionnaires. The relationships between variables were investigated using the partial least-squares structural equation model (SEM-PLS). Findings: The results indicated that online learning enablers had no discernible impact on students' math anxiety but demonstrated a direct and statistically significant influence on their math achievement. The study revealed that online learning disablers had a positive and significant influence on students' math anxiety, which in turn had an indirect impact on their math achievement. Research limitations/implications: The present study has limitations associated with its cross-sectional design, which precludes the inference of causal relationships. The study also utilized voluntary samples, which may have led to bias in the results. Practical implications: This study highlights the need for educators to simplify mathematical concepts, integrate multimedia tools and provide balanced assignments with timely feedback to reduce math anxiety. Policymakers should enhance online learning infrastructure, support lecturer training and embed mental health resources into education systems. These efforts collectively aim to improve mathematics education quality and student preparedness in online learning environments. Originality/value: This study fills the research gaps by providing insights into how online learning enablers and disablers affect math anxiety and math achievement in engineering college students.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1507599
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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IllustrationInfo
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  Data: The Impact of Online Learning Enablers and Barriers on Math Anxiety and Math Performance: Insights from Indonesian Engineering Students
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  Data: English
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wirawan+Setialaksana%22">Wirawan Setialaksana</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9026-2749">0000-0001-9026-2749</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nurul+Mukhlisah+Abdal%22">Nurul Mukhlisah Abdal</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Andi+Yunarni+Yusri%22">Andi Yunarni Yusri</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Andi+Trisnowali+Ms%22">Andi Trisnowali Ms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sartika+Arifin%22">Sartika Arifin</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Applied+Research+in+Higher+Education%22"><i>Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education</i></searchLink>. 2026 18(4):1015-1030.
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  Data: Emerald Publishing Limited. Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley, West Yorkshire, BD16 1WA, UK. Tel: +44-1274-777700; Fax: +44-1274-785201; e-mail: emerald@emeraldinsight.com; Web site: http://www.emerald.com/insight
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 16
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Higher+Education%22">Higher Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Postsecondary+Education%22">Postsecondary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22College+Students%22">College Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Engineering+Education%22">Engineering Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electronic+Learning%22">Electronic Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Asynchronous+Communication%22">Asynchronous Communication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematics+Anxiety%22">Mathematics Anxiety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematics+Achievement%22">Mathematics Achievement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Barriers%22">Barriers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Attitudes%22">Student Attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Incentives%22">Incentives</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Influences%22">Influences</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Indonesia%22">Indonesia</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1108/JARHE-06-2024-0309
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 2050-7003<br />1758-1184
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: Math-related courses play a crucial role in determining academic achievement and professional competence in engineering education, which is often affected by math anxiety. Few studies have examined the effect of enablers and barriers in an asynchronous context on math anxiety and math achievement. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of enablers and barriers to asynchronous learning on students' math anxiety and math achievement. Design/methodology/approach: The study is quantitative non-experimental research. A total of 320 students volunteered for the study and completed questionnaires. The relationships between variables were investigated using the partial least-squares structural equation model (SEM-PLS). Findings: The results indicated that online learning enablers had no discernible impact on students' math anxiety but demonstrated a direct and statistically significant influence on their math achievement. The study revealed that online learning disablers had a positive and significant influence on students' math anxiety, which in turn had an indirect impact on their math achievement. Research limitations/implications: The present study has limitations associated with its cross-sectional design, which precludes the inference of causal relationships. The study also utilized voluntary samples, which may have led to bias in the results. Practical implications: This study highlights the need for educators to simplify mathematical concepts, integrate multimedia tools and provide balanced assignments with timely feedback to reduce math anxiety. Policymakers should enhance online learning infrastructure, support lecturer training and embed mental health resources into education systems. These efforts collectively aim to improve mathematics education quality and student preparedness in online learning environments. Originality/value: This study fills the research gaps by providing insights into how online learning enablers and disablers affect math anxiety and math achievement in engineering college students.
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1507599
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        Value: 10.1108/JARHE-06-2024-0309
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      – Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: College Students
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      – SubjectFull: Engineering Education
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      – SubjectFull: Electronic Learning
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      – SubjectFull: Indonesia
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