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Mindful Parenting and Coparenting Uniquely Mediate the Association of Family Economic Pressure with Child Adjustment

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Title: Mindful Parenting and Coparenting Uniquely Mediate the Association of Family Economic Pressure with Child Adjustment
Language: English
Authors: Pak Hin Terence Chow, Chun Bun Lam (ORCID 0000-0002-3195-7919), Kevin Kien Hoa Chung
Source: Journal of Early Childhood Research. 2026 24(2):161-174.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 14
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Early Childhood Education
Preschool Education
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Parenting Styles, Economic Factors, Emotional Response, Behavior Problems, School Readiness, Mothers, Preschool Children, Preschool Education, Student Adjustment, Economically Disadvantaged, Socioeconomic Status
Geographic Terms: Hong Kong
DOI: 10.1177/1476718X251377180
ISSN: 1476-718X
1741-2927
Abstract: Prior research has examined the roles of family processes in the association between family economic pressure and child adjustment among Western families. Expanding on this work, this study examined whether family economic pressure was linked to child internalizing behaviours, externalizing behaviours, and school readiness among Chinese families and tested two family processes -- mother mindful parenting and mindful coparenting -- as mediators. Participants were 117 mothers of 2-3-year-old Chinese children (mean age = 36.2 months; 53% boys) attending 10 kindergarten/nurseries located in Hong Kong, China. Mothers completed questionnaires on family economic pressure, mindful parenting and coparenting, and child adjustment. Path analysis indicated that -- controlling for child age and gender -- the association of family economic pressure with child internalizing behaviours was mediated by mother mindful parenting, whereas the association of family economic pressure with child school readiness was mediated by mother mindful coparenting. On the other hand, the association of family economic pressure with child externalizing behaviours was mediated by both mother mindful parenting and coparenting. Theoretically, findings highlighted the relevance of positive family processes to understanding the potential implications of family economic pressure for younger children. Practically, findings pointed to the possible utility of targeting both mindful parenting and coparenting as means to support economically disadvantaged Chinese families and children.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1508223
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Mindful Parenting and Coparenting Uniquely Mediate the Association of Family Economic Pressure with Child Adjustment
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pak+Hin+Terence+Chow%22">Pak Hin Terence Chow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chun+Bun+Lam%22">Chun Bun Lam</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3195-7919">0000-0002-3195-7919</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kevin+Kien+Hoa+Chung%22">Kevin Kien Hoa Chung</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Early+Childhood+Research%22"><i>Journal of Early Childhood Research</i></searchLink>. 2026 24(2):161-174.
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 14
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Early+Childhood+Education%22">Early Childhood Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Preschool+Education%22">Preschool Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parenting+Styles%22">Parenting Styles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Economic+Factors%22">Economic Factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotional+Response%22">Emotional Response</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior+Problems%22">Behavior Problems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+Readiness%22">School Readiness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mothers%22">Mothers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Preschool+Children%22">Preschool Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Preschool+Education%22">Preschool Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Adjustment%22">Student Adjustment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Economically+Disadvantaged%22">Economically Disadvantaged</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Socioeconomic+Status%22">Socioeconomic Status</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hong+Kong%22">Hong Kong</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1177/1476718X251377180
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  Data: 1476-718X<br />1741-2927
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Prior research has examined the roles of family processes in the association between family economic pressure and child adjustment among Western families. Expanding on this work, this study examined whether family economic pressure was linked to child internalizing behaviours, externalizing behaviours, and school readiness among Chinese families and tested two family processes -- mother mindful parenting and mindful coparenting -- as mediators. Participants were 117 mothers of 2-3-year-old Chinese children (mean age = 36.2 months; 53% boys) attending 10 kindergarten/nurseries located in Hong Kong, China. Mothers completed questionnaires on family economic pressure, mindful parenting and coparenting, and child adjustment. Path analysis indicated that -- controlling for child age and gender -- the association of family economic pressure with child internalizing behaviours was mediated by mother mindful parenting, whereas the association of family economic pressure with child school readiness was mediated by mother mindful coparenting. On the other hand, the association of family economic pressure with child externalizing behaviours was mediated by both mother mindful parenting and coparenting. Theoretically, findings highlighted the relevance of positive family processes to understanding the potential implications of family economic pressure for younger children. Practically, findings pointed to the possible utility of targeting both mindful parenting and coparenting as means to support economically disadvantaged Chinese families and children.
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1508223
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        Value: 10.1177/1476718X251377180
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 161
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parenting Styles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Economic Factors
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      – SubjectFull: Emotional Response
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Behavior Problems
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      – SubjectFull: School Readiness
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      – SubjectFull: Mothers
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      – SubjectFull: Preschool Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Preschool Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Student Adjustment
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      – SubjectFull: Economically Disadvantaged
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      – SubjectFull: Socioeconomic Status
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      – SubjectFull: Hong Kong
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      – TitleFull: Mindful Parenting and Coparenting Uniquely Mediate the Association of Family Economic Pressure with Child Adjustment
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            NameFull: Chun Bun Lam
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            NameFull: Kevin Kien Hoa Chung
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