Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Case Report on the Efficacy of Longer Treatment Duration
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| Title: | Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Case Report on the Efficacy of Longer Treatment Duration |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Authors: | K. Argyropoulos, I. Vlachos |
| Source: | British Journal of Guidance & Counselling. 2026 54(1):1-7. |
| Availability: | Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals |
| Peer Reviewed: | Y |
| Page Count: | 7 |
| Publication Date: | 2026 |
| Document Type: | Journal Articles Reports - Descriptive |
| Descriptors: | Personality Problems, Mental Disorders, Cognitive Restructuring, Cognitive Structures, Outcomes of Treatment, Individualized Programs, Psychotherapy, Case Studies, Counselor Client Relationship, Counseling Effectiveness |
| DOI: | 10.1080/03069885.2024.2373175 |
| ISSN: | 0306-9885 1469-3534 |
| Abstract: | This article presents a case report on the use of Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) in treating a patient with features of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) over an extended treatment duration. The case report highlights the effectiveness of CAT in addressing complex and entrenched issues and emphasises the use of the Sequential Diagrammatic Reformulation (SDR) and Multiple Self State model as key therapeutic tools. The findings demonstrate the benefits of longer treatment duration in CAT for individuals with features of BPD and underscore the importance of tailoring treatment to individual needs. |
| Abstractor: | As Provided |
| Entry Date: | 2026 |
| Accession Number: | EJ1508480 |
| Database: | ERIC |
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| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Url: https://content.ebscohost.com/cds/retrieve?content=AQICAHj0k_4E0hTGH8RJwT4gCJyBsGNe_WN95AvKlDbXJGqwxwGEFrhvuSlHTuUzKY-Vs4LRAAAA4zCB4AYJKoZIhvcNAQcGoIHSMIHPAgEAMIHJBgkqhkiG9w0BBwEwHgYJYIZIAWUDBAEuMBEEDJ5wx91ZSy8FTZGu0gIBEICBm1_AO2Q2PqitEPZezWhC9OQkgstl_pnqpm6Vkn98hCUIJaIuPXzS6kb5vtsHpysanAYkrEpqX1H2fwspX0Y1P_g5UjueD2aizVODJdwgjozlofneroWzgNSMB6wkpOoOFP_NnqgpbBVcCZdpIT4UZnuS6UV2Feznf6YRJMkRxU60DDI0fD5pdWSBtZD7mpyMjWY_NNDyxuPzSD49 Text: Availability: 1 Value: <anid>AN0193816039;bjg01feb.26;2026May19.04:53;v2.2.500</anid> <title id="AN0193816039-1">Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) in borderline personality disorder: a case report on the efficacy of longer treatment duration </title> <p>This article presents a case report on the use of Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) in treating a patient with features of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) over an extended treatment duration. The case report highlights the effectiveness of CAT in addressing complex and entrenched issues and emphasises the use of the Sequential Diagrammatic Reformulation (SDR) and Multiple Self State model as key therapeutic tools. The findings demonstrate the benefits of longer treatment duration in CAT for individuals with features of BPD and underscore the importance of tailoring treatment to individual needs.</p> <p>Keywords: CAT; BPD; case report; Multiple Self States model</p> <hd id="AN0193816039-2">Introduction</hd> <p>Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) has gained significant attention in recent years for its effectiveness in treating clients with features of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). One of the challenges encountered in working with patients with BPD features is the difficulty in understanding and reformulating their complex and often conflicting self-states. Individuals diagnosed with features of BPD are characterised by emotional instability, impulsivity, and difficulties in interpersonal relationships. These patients have typically experienced emotional deprivation and rejection during childhood, which can result in damaging procedures that persist into adulthood. As a consequence, the sense of self can become fragmented, leading to the predominance of angry or distancing states or unrealistic hopes, which ultimately maintain the feeling of deprivation (Ryle, [<reflink idref="bib8" id="ref1">8</reflink>]; Ryle et al.,[<reflink idref="bib15" id="ref2">15</reflink>]; Ryle et al., [<reflink idref="bib11" id="ref3">11</reflink>]; Ryle [<reflink idref="bib10" id="ref4">10</reflink>]).</p> <p>The Multiple Self State Model of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) was developed using Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) and is based on the Reciprocal Role Procedure (RRP), which shapes aim-directed action. This model provides a framework for understanding the central aspects of the etiology and phenomenology of BPD. The RRP is a fundamental underlying concept of the model, which outlines the sequences of perception, appraisal, action, and evaluation of the consequences shaping aim-directed action. Relationships are maintained by procedures in which the aim is the desired or expected reciprocating response of the other. RRPs are developed early in life in relationships with caretakers and are centrally concerned with issues of care, dependency, control, and submission and are influenced by damaging or depriving caretaking (Ryle, [<reflink idref="bib10" id="ref5">10</reflink>]; Ryle et al., [<reflink idref="bib15" id="ref6">15</reflink>]).</p> <p>The Multiple Self State Model focuses on identifying and integrating different aspects of the client's self that are often dissociated, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of their difficulties. Dysfunctional Reciprocal Role Procedures (RRP) are developed in childhood due to various forms of adversity, including neglect, abandonment, and abuse. Each role is identifiable by its characteristic behaviour, symptom, mood, view of self and others, and sought for reciprocation. Adverse early lives characterise virtually all borderline subjects and engender patterns such as victimhood or revenge in relation to the experience or perceived threat of neglect, abandonment, and abuse (Ryle, [<reflink idref="bib10" id="ref7">10</reflink>]; Ryle et al., [<reflink idref="bib11" id="ref8">11</reflink>]).</p> <p>The CAT model also suggests that experiences of brutal, inconsistent, or chaotic parenting fail to provide adequate, consistent models of care that might be internalised, and this, combined with trauma-induced dissociation, disrupts self-reflection. Confusing state switches are liable to occur when role procedures are ineffective or not reciprocated, that is to say, at the precise moments when conscious attention might allow revision (Ryle, [<reflink idref="bib9" id="ref9">9</reflink>], [<reflink idref="bib10" id="ref10">10</reflink>]; Ryle et al., [<reflink idref="bib14" id="ref11">14</reflink>]).</p> <p>CAT is a time-limited therapy, typically ranging from 16 to 24 sessions. However, the optimal treatment duration for CAT remains a topic of debate, and the specific benefits of shorter versus longer treatment durations have yet to be fully elucidated. For example, it is unknown how longer treatment duration interacts with other factors, such as therapeutic alliance, client characteristics, and treatment adherence and outcome. Research specifically comparing the effectiveness of CAT in shorter and longer treatment durations is currently limited (Ryle et al., [<reflink idref="bib15" id="ref12">15</reflink>]). While most studies have demonstrated positive outcomes within the conventional time-limited framework, there is a dearth of research that directly compares the efficacy of CAT across different treatment durations. This gap hinders the ability to draw definitive conclusions about the comparative benefits and drawbacks of shorter versus longer CAT interventions.</p> <hd id="AN0193816039-3">Case study</hd> <p>This case report aims to explore the impact of Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) on a 46-year-old woman who presented with panic attacks and somatisation. The initial assessment using CAT tools revealed that the patient had developed negative patterns of behaviour and thought in response to her traumatic experiences. She had the tendency to isolate herself, avoid social situations, and engage in negative self-talk. The patient was at the mild end of the Borderline spectrum and was experiencing feelings of loneliness, worry, and stress. She had difficulties engaging in relationships, needed to be loved, and was avoiding real-life situations by using fantasy. Her interpersonal relationships were characterised by mistrust, conflict, and withdrawal. CAT was the primary psychotherapeutic treatment for the patient, consisting of 40 sessions.</p> <p>The initial therapy session involved a thorough explanation of the therapeutic approach, as well as an exploration of the patient's early history. The patient's early history revealed a significant experience of emotional deprivation and a series of unsuccessful relationships that had left her feeling hopeless and isolated. Hence, the initial decision was to opt for the longer CAT treatment of 24 sessions.</p> <p>The therapist began by establishing a collaborative and supportive relationship with the patient, emphasising the importance of a safe therapeutic environment. Together, they identified the negative patterns of thought and behaviour that were causing distress and worked to develop alternative ways of coping.</p> <p>Drawing from her personal history, reciprocal roles were initially described. The patient, in response to the absence of love, care, and a judgmental environment during her upbringing, experienced emotional deprivation, unmet needs, and unfulfilled goals. Describing herself as a "victim" of her parents' cruel attitude, she found parallels in this experience within past adult relationships.</p> <p>The therapist also used the Multiple Self State Model to identify the different self-states of the patient and to facilitate communication and integration among them.</p> <p>Following the 12th therapy session, the patient exhibited the presence of two distinct self-states, which were labelled as the "Victim" and various forms of "Idealization" (refer to Diagram 1).</p> <p>Graph: Diagram 1. SDR with 2 Multiple Self States labelled "Victim" and "forms of Idealization".</p> <p>The Sequential Diagram Reformulation (SDR) was enriched throughout these various phases, which proved to be highly effective in facilitating the therapeutic process, particularly concerning the recognition and revision of reciprocal roles and target problem procedures. Furthermore, idealising me was a prominent pattern in her relationship with me too.</p> <p>In the 19th session, a complex interplay of emotions unfolded as the patient grappled with a profound sense of ambivalence toward the imminent conclusion of the therapy. Experiencing heightened stress, she considered the therapy's end as a form of abandonment, attributing feelings of anger toward me. The patient expressed a belief that the therapeutic process had not adequately addressed her needs, and her envisioned goals remained unmet. Acknowledging the depth of these emotions, it became evident that the initially agreed-upon 24 sessions might not suffice for her comprehensive psychotherapeutic treatment. In response, a collaborative decision was made during the 20th session to extend the therapy for an additional four months, providing a more nuanced and extended framework for exploration and growth.</p> <p>As the therapy continued, session 22 marked a significant development with the identification of a third self-state labelled "I am Bad". This addition to the Multiple Self States Model stemmed from the collective experiences in preceding sessions, particularly concerning the impending termination of therapy and the emergence of anger rooted in emotional deprivation, which mirrored patterns observed within the therapeutic relationship (refer to Diagram 2).</p> <p>Graph: Diagram 2. Final SDR with a third Self-State "I am Bad:".</p> <p>In the subsequent sessions, the patient gained a clear understanding of the concept of separate, partly dissociated self-states. This understanding enabled her to identify and characterise these self-states on the sequential diagram, illuminating how her reciprocal role patterns were repeated in her relationship with the therapist.</p> <p>Following the 34th therapy session, she experienced a significant reduction in the frequency and severity of her panic attacks. She also demonstrated improvement in her ability to manage her anger and her fear of coping with real-world challenges. Additionally, the patient came to the realisation that her expectations of doctors, medication, and finding an ideal partner were unrealistic.</p> <p>Overall, the implementation of the Multiple Self States Model in longer duration than typical, within the framework of Cognitive Analytic Therapy proved to be an effective approach for addressing the complex needs of an individual with features of Borderline Personality Disorder. The Sequential Diagram Reformulation provided a useful tool for identifying and revising the maladaptive patterns of behaviour, cognition, and affect that are central to this disorder. Through this process, the patient was able to gain a better understanding of her internal self-states, which can ultimately lead to improved functioning and well-being.</p> <hd id="AN0193816039-4">Conclusions</hd> <p>This case report highlights the efficacy of CAT in treating patients with features of the Borderline spectrum on longer treatment duration. The use of SDR throughout the therapy was particularly effective in facilitating the therapeutic process, leading to a significant reduction in the patient's symptoms.</p> <p>The therapy's emphasis on the use and enrichment of the Sequential Diagrammatic Reformulation (SDR) model has proven to be particularly effective in enabling the patient to develop a better understanding of her dissociated self-states. The use of CAT techniques such as mapping, reciprocal roles, and dialogic sequences was effective in helping the patient understand and change her maladaptive patterns.</p> <p>A sequential Diagrammatic Reformulation is a key tool in the therapy process for the Multiple Self States model of CAT. This approach, developed by Ryle, is designed to help individuals gain a better understanding of their internal states and how they impact their relationships with others. The Multiple Self States model of CAT posits that individuals have a range of different self-states, or ways of being, that can emerge in response to different situations and stimuli. These self-states can be conflicting or contradictory, leading to internal conflict and confusion. SDR is used to help individuals identify these self-states and understand how they relate to one another (Ryle &amp; Kerr [<reflink idref="bib13" id="ref13">13</reflink>]; Ryle, [<reflink idref="bib10" id="ref14">10</reflink>]).</p> <p>One key benefit of SDR is that it helps individuals to develop a sense of agency and control over their internal states. By identifying and mapping out their different self-states, individuals can gain a sense of clarity and control over their thoughts and emotions. This, in turn, can help them to make more intentional choices and to feel more in control of their lives. Another key benefit of SDR is that it helps individuals to develop a greater sense of self-compassion and self-understanding. By gaining a better understanding of their internal states, individuals can begin to see themselves in a more nuanced and compassionate way. In the last session, my patient, in her own words, expressed the transformative process she had of learning to appreciate both her strengths and weaknesses. She gained insight into how her past experiences had intricately shaped her present state of being. A pivotal aspect of this CAT therapy was the crucial decision to extend the therapy duration by four months. This extension not only provided an in-depth exploration of her internal self-states but also allowed for a corrective emotional experience within her therapeutic relationship with me (Ryle, [<reflink idref="bib9" id="ref15">9</reflink>], [<reflink idref="bib10" id="ref16">10</reflink>]; Ryle et al., [<reflink idref="bib11" id="ref17">11</reflink>], [<reflink idref="bib15" id="ref18">15</reflink>]).</p> <p>Furthermore, the present case report highlights the importance of a long-term treatment approach for BPD patients, as the therapy's benefits were most apparent over an extended period. While CAT is typically a brief therapy, there are cases where longer-term treatment is necessary (Ryle &amp; Golynkina, [<reflink idref="bib12" id="ref19">12</reflink>]). This case report illustrates the successful application of a 40-session CAT for a patient with complex and entrenched issues.</p> <p>The effectiveness and optimal treatment duration of Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) may vary depending on individual client needs and therapeutic goals. CAT is typically designed as a time-limited therapy, commonly ranging from 16 to 24 sessions. (Ryle et al., [<reflink idref="bib11" id="ref20">11</reflink>]). However, there are situations where longer treatment periods in CAT may be beneficial. In a meta-analysis conducted in 1986, the authors discovered that 50% of patients, irrespective of the therapy type, showed improvement after 8–13 sessions of treatment for anxiety and depression. Moreover, around 75% exhibited improvement after 26 sessions. Delving into specifics, the level of improvement for borderline patients was noted to occur later, spanning from 13 to 26 sessions based on patients' self-ratings, and even later, ranging from 26 to 52 sessions, according to clinical chart ratings (Howard et al., [<reflink idref="bib5" id="ref21">5</reflink>]).</p> <p>CAT's time-limited nature offers certain advantages, including a structured and goal-oriented framework, which can enhance motivation and provide a clear pathway for change (Hallam et al., [<reflink idref="bib2" id="ref22">2</reflink>]; Kellett, [<reflink idref="bib6" id="ref23">6</reflink>]). Research has shown positive outcomes within these time-limited parameters, indicating that CAT can be effective in addressing a wide range of psychological difficulties within a relatively short period (Kellett et al., [<reflink idref="bib7" id="ref24">7</reflink>] and is more effective than treatment as usual (TAU) in improving outcomes associated with personality disorder (Clarke et al., [<reflink idref="bib1" id="ref25">1</reflink>]).</p> <p>That being said, there may be cases where an extended treatment duration beyond the conventional session limits can be beneficial. Some individuals may have complex or longstanding issues that require more time for exploration, processing, and change. In the present case, extending the therapy period allowed for a more comprehensive understanding of deeply ingrained patterns, self – states, a greater exploration of past experiences, and the opportunity for more nuanced and lasting change (Kellett et al., [<reflink idref="bib7" id="ref26">7</reflink>]).</p> <p>Moreover, for individuals with multiple or co-occurring psychological issues, a longer CAT treatment period can provide the necessary space to address and integrate complex challenges effectively. It allows for a deeper exploration of the interplay between cognitive processes, relational dynamics, and the origins of maladaptive patterns, leading to a more comprehensive and holistic approach to therapy (Ryle, Kerr, and Forsdyke, [<reflink idref="bib14" id="ref27">14</reflink>]).</p> <p>Ultimately, the decision to extend CAT beyond the conventional session limits should be made collaboratively between the client and therapist, taking into account the client's specific needs, treatment goals, and progress within the therapy. A thorough assessment and ongoing evaluation of the therapeutic process can help determine whether a longer treatment duration would be more suitable and beneficial for the individual client.</p> <p>Moreover, considering the nuances of therapeutic interventions for individuals exhibiting features of personality disorders, it is worth exploring the potential efficacy of a time-limited Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) supplemented with a break and follow-up. The strategic inclusion of breaks allows for reflection and consolidation of progress, ensuring that the therapeutic journey remains dynamic and adaptive to the individual's evolving needs. Additionally, Group CAT, described as a "dialogic approach" in Hepple ([<reflink idref="bib3" id="ref28">3</reflink>]), is characterised by its inherently longer duration compared to individual sessions and presents an alternative avenue for individuals with features of BPD. The incorporation of breaks and the exploration of Group CAT as potential modalities recognise the diverse and complex needs of individuals with features of personality disorders (Hepple &amp; Bowdrey, [<reflink idref="bib4" id="ref29">4</reflink>]).</p> <p>The limited research on this topic underscores the need for further investigation to inform clinical practice into the optimal duration of CAT for various client populations such as those with features of BPD. Extending the treatment duration beyond the conventional limits could enhance treatment outcomes, particularly for individuals with more complex or longstanding difficulties.</p> <p>Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of CAT in treating patients with features of BPD at different levels of severity and duration of treatment.</p> <hd id="AN0193816039-5">Data availability statement</hd> <p>Due to the nature of this case study and the confidentiality agreement with the client, cannot be shared publicly data that could reveal personal identifiers.</p> <hd id="AN0193816039-6">Disclosure statement</hd> <p>No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).</p> <ref id="AN0193816039-7"> <title> References </title> <blist> <bibl id="bib1" idref="ref25" type="bt">1</bibl> <bibtext> Clarke, S., Thomas, P., &amp; James, K. (2013). Cognitive Analytic Therapy for personality disorder: Randomized controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 202 (2), 129 – 134. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.112.108670</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibl id="bib2" idref="ref22" type="bt">2</bibl> <bibtext> Hallam, C., Simmonds-Buckley, M., Kellett, S., Greenhill, B., &amp; Jones, A. (2021, March). The acceptability, effectiveness, and durability of Cognitive Analytic Therapy: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 94 (Suppl 1), 8 – 35. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12286</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibl id="bib3" idref="ref28" type="bt">3</bibl> <bibtext> Hepple, J. (2012). Cognitive-analytic Therapy in a group: Reflections on a dialogic approach. British Journal of Psychotherapy, 28 (4), 474 – 495. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0118.2012.01312.x</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibl id="bib4" idref="ref29" type="bt">4</bibl> <bibtext> Hepple, J., &amp; Bowdrey, S. (2015). Cognitive Analytic Therapy in an open dialogic group – adaptations and advantages. Reformulation, 45, 16 – 19.</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibl id="bib5" idref="ref21" type="bt">5</bibl> <bibtext> Howard, K. I., Kopta, S. M., Krause, M. S., &amp; Orlinsky, D. E. (1986). The dose–effect relationship in psychotherapy. American Psychologist, 41 (2), 159 – 164. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.41.2.159</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibl id="bib6" idref="ref23" type="bt">6</bibl> <bibtext> Kellett, S. (2005). Cognitive Analytic Therapy: From theory to practice. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 11 (1), 58 – 67. https://doi.org/10.1192/apt.11.1.58</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibl id="bib7" idref="ref24" type="bt">7</bibl> <bibtext> Kellett, S., Bennet D, Ryle T, &amp; Thake A. (2013). Cognitive analytic therapy for borderline personality disorder: Therapist competence and therapeutic effectiveness in routine practice. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, (20), 216 – 25..</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibl id="bib8" idref="ref1" type="bt">8</bibl> <bibtext> Ryle, A. (1990). Cognitive Analytic Therapy. In John C. Nocross Marvin R. Goldfried, (Ed.), Handbook of integrative therapies 1 (pp. 84 – 193). OUP.</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibl id="bib9" idref="ref9" type="bt">9</bibl> <bibtext> Ryle, A. (1997). The structure and development of borderline personality disorder: A proposed model. British Journal of Psychiatry, 170 (1), 82 – 87. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.170.1.82</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibtext> Ryle, A. (2007). Investigating the phenomenology of borderline personality disorder with the states description procedure: Clinical implications. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 14 (5), 329 – 341. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.543</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibtext> Ryle, A., Beard, H., &amp; Marlowe, M. J. (1995). Cognitive Analytic Therapy of borderline personality disorder: Theory, practice and the clinical and research uses of the self-states sequential diagram. International Journal of Short-Term Psychotherapy, 10, 21 – 34.</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibtext> Ryle, A., &amp; Golynkina, K. (2000). Effectiveness of time-limited Cognitive Analytic Therapy of borderline personality disorder: Factors associated with outcome. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 73 (2), 197 – 210. https://doi.org/10.1348/000711200160426</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibtext> Ryle, A., &amp; Kerr, I. B. (2003). Cognitive Analytic Therapy. British Journal of Psychiatry, 183 (1), 79. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.183.1.79</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibtext> Ryle, A., Kerr, I. B., &amp; Forsdyke, M. (2009). The Cognitive Analytic Therapy approach to brief therapy. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 39 (2), 87 – 94.</bibtext> </blist> <blist> <bibtext> Ryle, A., Kerr, I. B., Valmaggia, L., &amp; Johnstone, L. (2009). Cognitive Analytic Therapy for borderline personality disorder: Therapist competence and therapeutic effectiveness in routine practice. Journal of Personality Disorders, 23 (3), 346 – 363.</bibtext> </blist> </ref> <aug> <p>By K. Argyropoulos and I. Vlachos</p> <p>Reported by Author; Author</p> <p></p> <p>K. Argyropoulos, MD, PhD , is a practicing psychiatrist and psychotherapist with extensive experience teaching at various academic institutions. He received his medical degree from the University of Patras, Greece, and is a member of the Panhellenic Association of Cognitive Analytic Therapy. As a researcher, he has presented his work at numerous conferences through workshops, posters, and oral presentations, and has published several original, peer-reviewed articles.</p> <p>I. Vlachos, MD, PhD , is a practicing psychiatrist and psychotherapist and is the President of the Panhellenic Association of Cognitive Analytic Therapy.</p> </aug> <nolink nlid="nl1" bibid="bib15" firstref="ref2"></nolink> <nolink nlid="nl2" bibid="bib11" firstref="ref3"></nolink> <nolink nlid="nl3" bibid="bib10" firstref="ref4"></nolink> <nolink nlid="nl4" bibid="bib14" firstref="ref11"></nolink> <nolink nlid="nl5" bibid="bib13" firstref="ref13"></nolink> <nolink nlid="nl6" bibid="bib12" firstref="ref19"></nolink> |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Case Report on the Efficacy of Longer Treatment Duration – Name: Language Label: Language Group: Lang Data: English – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22K%2E+Argyropoulos%22">K. Argyropoulos</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22I%2E+Vlachos%22">I. Vlachos</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22British+Journal+of+Guidance+%26+Counselling%22"><i>British Journal of Guidance & Counselling</i></searchLink>. 2026 54(1):1-7. – Name: Avail Label: Availability Group: Avail Data: Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals – Name: PeerReviewed Label: Peer Reviewed Group: SrcInfo Data: Y – Name: Pages Label: Page Count Group: Src Data: 7 – Name: DatePubCY Label: Publication Date Group: Date Data: 2026 – Name: TypeDocument Label: Document Type Group: TypDoc Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Descriptive – Name: Subject Label: Descriptors Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Personality+Problems%22">Personality Problems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+Disorders%22">Mental Disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+Restructuring%22">Cognitive Restructuring</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+Structures%22">Cognitive Structures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Outcomes+of+Treatment%22">Outcomes of Treatment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Individualized+Programs%22">Individualized Programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychotherapy%22">Psychotherapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Case+Studies%22">Case Studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Counselor+Client+Relationship%22">Counselor Client Relationship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Counseling+Effectiveness%22">Counseling Effectiveness</searchLink> – Name: DOI Label: DOI Group: ID Data: 10.1080/03069885.2024.2373175 – Name: ISSN Label: ISSN Group: ISSN Data: 0306-9885<br />1469-3534 – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: This article presents a case report on the use of Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) in treating a patient with features of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) over an extended treatment duration. The case report highlights the effectiveness of CAT in addressing complex and entrenched issues and emphasises the use of the Sequential Diagrammatic Reformulation (SDR) and Multiple Self State model as key therapeutic tools. The findings demonstrate the benefits of longer treatment duration in CAT for individuals with features of BPD and underscore the importance of tailoring treatment to individual needs. – Name: AbstractInfo Label: Abstractor Group: Ab Data: As Provided – Name: DateEntry Label: Entry Date Group: Date Data: 2026 – Name: AN Label: Accession Number Group: ID Data: EJ1508480 |
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