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Addressing Disparities in Fundamental Motor Skills through Sport-Based Positive Youth Development: Research at LiFEsports

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Title: Addressing Disparities in Fundamental Motor Skills through Sport-Based Positive Youth Development: Research at LiFEsports
Language: English
Authors: Samantha Bates (ORCID 0000-0002-0915-5709), Sydney Mack (ORCID 0000-0003-4681-0378), Obidiah Atkinson (ORCID 0000-0003-1923-8476), Dimetrius Brandon (ORCID 0009-0006-9793-4804), Kylee Ault-Baker (ORCID 0000-0002-0656-7302), Dawn Anderson-Butcher (ORCID 0000-0001-7231-8323), Jacqueline D. Goodway (ORCID 0000-0002-2199-2577), Kethan Mokadam (ORCID 0009-0000-9487-6035)
Source: Journal of Motor Learning and Development. 2026 14(1).
Availability: Human Kinetics, Inc. 1607 North Market Street, Champaign, IL 61820. Tel: 800-474-4457; Fax: 217-351-1549; e-mail: info@hkusa.com; Web site: https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jmld/jmld-overview.xml
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 10
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Psychomotor Skills, Athletics, Youth Programs, Children, Preadolescents, Gender Differences, Program Effectiveness, Skill Development, Time, Motor Development, Summer Programs
Geographic Terms: Ohio
Assessment and Survey Identifiers: Test of Gross Motor Development
DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2025-0033
ISSN: 2325-3193
2325-3215
Abstract: Fundamental motor skills are critical for the holistic development of youth and predictive of future physical activity and sport involvement. LiFEsports is one sport-based positive youth development program known to produce social development outcomes; however, its contribution to fundamental motor skills development has not yet been studied. This study examined changes in object control (OC) skills (M = 3.04, SD = 4.49) among 72 youth aged 8-12 who participated in the LiFEsports program. Overall, the mean OC scaled score prior to the program was 8.46 (SD = 2.81), while the mean at posttest was 9.75 (SD = 2.82). Analysis of variance analyses were used to explore pre- and posttest outcomes over time, as well as the effects by sex and return status. Time was a significant predictor of growth in OC skills, along with sex differences at pre- and posttests, with male participants outperforming female participants. There was also a significant interaction (p < 0.05) between sex and return status. Follow-up analyses revealed consistent sex differences (p <0 .05) for nonreturners; however, returners eliminated existing sex differences in OC skills. This study provides initial evidence for how LiFEsports participation contributes to fundamental motor skills development, a prerequisite for long-term involvement in sport and physical activity.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1508586
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Addressing Disparities in Fundamental Motor Skills through Sport-Based Positive Youth Development: Research at LiFEsports
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Samantha+Bates%22&quot;&gt;Samantha Bates&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0915-5709&quot;&gt;0000-0002-0915-5709&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Sydney+Mack%22&quot;&gt;Sydney Mack&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4681-0378&quot;&gt;0000-0003-4681-0378&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Obidiah+Atkinson%22&quot;&gt;Obidiah Atkinson&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1923-8476&quot;&gt;0000-0003-1923-8476&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Dimetrius+Brandon%22&quot;&gt;Dimetrius Brandon&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9793-4804&quot;&gt;0009-0006-9793-4804&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Kylee+Ault-Baker%22&quot;&gt;Kylee Ault-Baker&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0656-7302&quot;&gt;0000-0002-0656-7302&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Dawn+Anderson-Butcher%22&quot;&gt;Dawn Anderson-Butcher&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7231-8323&quot;&gt;0000-0001-7231-8323&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Jacqueline+D%2E+Goodway%22&quot;&gt;Jacqueline D. Goodway&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2199-2577&quot;&gt;0000-0002-2199-2577&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Kethan+Mokadam%22&quot;&gt;Kethan Mokadam&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9487-6035&quot;&gt;0009-0000-9487-6035&lt;/externalLink&gt;)
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  Data: Human Kinetics, Inc. 1607 North Market Street, Champaign, IL 61820. Tel: 800-474-4457; Fax: 217-351-1549; e-mail: info@hkusa.com; Web site: https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jmld/jmld-overview.xml
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  Data: Fundamental motor skills are critical for the holistic development of youth and predictive of future physical activity and sport involvement. LiFEsports is one sport-based positive youth development program known to produce social development outcomes; however, its contribution to fundamental motor skills development has not yet been studied. This study examined changes in object control (OC) skills (M = 3.04, SD = 4.49) among 72 youth aged 8-12 who participated in the LiFEsports program. Overall, the mean OC scaled score prior to the program was 8.46 (SD = 2.81), while the mean at posttest was 9.75 (SD = 2.82). Analysis of variance analyses were used to explore pre- and posttest outcomes over time, as well as the effects by sex and return status. Time was a significant predictor of growth in OC skills, along with sex differences at pre- and posttests, with male participants outperforming female participants. There was also a significant interaction (p &lt; 0.05) between sex and return status. Follow-up analyses revealed consistent sex differences (p &lt;0 .05) for nonreturners; however, returners eliminated existing sex differences in OC skills. This study provides initial evidence for how LiFEsports participation contributes to fundamental motor skills development, a prerequisite for long-term involvement in sport and physical activity.
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      – SubjectFull: Psychomotor Skills
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      – SubjectFull: Athletics
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      – SubjectFull: Youth Programs
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