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Evaluating the Feasibility and Reliability of the Motor Creativity Instrument in 9- to 13-Year-Olds in Finland

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Title: Evaluating the Feasibility and Reliability of the Motor Creativity Instrument in 9- to 13-Year-Olds in Finland
Language: English
Authors: Elina Sarkkinen (ORCID 0000-0001-7042-9038), Donna Niemistö (ORCID 0000-0002-9198-9437), Nanne-Mari Luukkainen (ORCID 0000-0002-3204-2905), Arja Sääkslahti (ORCID 0000-0003-4354-0990), Arto Laukkanen (ORCID 0000-0002-9722-0258)
Source: Journal of Motor Learning and Development. 2026 14(1).
Availability: Human Kinetics, Inc. 1607 North Market Street, Champaign, IL 61820. Tel: 800-474-4457; Fax: 217-351-1549; e-mail: info@hkusa.com; Web site: https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jmld/jmld-overview.xml
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 12
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Early Childhood Education
Elementary Education
Grade 3
Primary Education
Grade 4
Intermediate Grades
Grade 5
Middle Schools
Grade 6
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Motor Development, Creativity, Measures (Individuals), Grade 3, Grade 4, Grade 5, Grade 6, Test Reliability, Children, Psychomotor Skills
Geographic Terms: Finland
DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2025-0028
ISSN: 2325-3193
2325-3215
Abstract: Motor creativity is a type of creativity that arises from an embodied process through which movement is generated. This research aimed to evaluate feasibility and reliability of the Motor Creativity Instrument (MOCI) in 9- to 13-year-olds in Finland. The instrument was pretested and piloted in a total of 87 Finnish children from third to sixth grade (mean age 11.84 ± 0.94 years). Performance in four test items of the MOCI, that is, locomotor, manipulation, symbolism, and imagination tasks, were video recorded, and videos transcribed. The transcriptions were scored for four theory-driven dimensions of motor creativity, that is, fluency, flexibility, originality, and imagination. Internal consistency of the MOCI was calculated within the four dimensions, and it was found overall acceptable (α =0.828, 95% confidence interval [0.770, 0.877]). Additionally, intrarater reliability for the imagination task was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient, and indicated an excellent consistency (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.97; 95% confidence interval [0.93, 0.98]) across ratings. The measurement environment and technical aspects were recognized as essential for accurate measurements. The MOCI represents the first tool that is evidently feasible and reliable for assessing motor creativity in a non-sport-specific and motor developmentally appropriate manner in children aged 9-13 years.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1508739
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Evaluating the Feasibility and Reliability of the Motor Creativity Instrument in 9- to 13-Year-Olds in Finland
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  Data: English
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Elina+Sarkkinen%22">Elina Sarkkinen</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-9038">0000-0001-7042-9038</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Donna+Niemistö%22">Donna Niemistö</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9198-9437">0000-0002-9198-9437</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nanne-Mari+Luukkainen%22">Nanne-Mari Luukkainen</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3204-2905">0000-0002-3204-2905</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arja+Sääkslahti%22">Arja Sääkslahti</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4354-0990">0000-0003-4354-0990</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arto+Laukkanen%22">Arto Laukkanen</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9722-0258">0000-0002-9722-0258</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Motor+Learning+and+Development%22"><i>Journal of Motor Learning and Development</i></searchLink>. 2026 14(1).
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  Data: Human Kinetics, Inc. 1607 North Market Street, Champaign, IL 61820. Tel: 800-474-4457; Fax: 217-351-1549; e-mail: info@hkusa.com; Web site: https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jmld/jmld-overview.xml
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 12
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Early+Childhood+Education%22">Early Childhood Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Education%22">Elementary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+3%22">Grade 3</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Primary+Education%22">Primary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+4%22">Grade 4</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Intermediate+Grades%22">Intermediate Grades</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+5%22">Grade 5</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Middle+Schools%22">Middle Schools</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Grade+6%22">Grade 6</searchLink>
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  Label: Descriptors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Motor+Development%22">Motor Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Creativity%22">Creativity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Measures+%28Individuals%29%22">Measures (Individuals)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grade+3%22">Grade 3</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grade+4%22">Grade 4</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grade+5%22">Grade 5</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grade+6%22">Grade 6</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Reliability%22">Test Reliability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychomotor+Skills%22">Psychomotor Skills</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Finland%22">Finland</searchLink>
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  Label: DOI
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  Data: 10.1123/jmld.2025-0028
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  Data: 2325-3193<br />2325-3215
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Motor creativity is a type of creativity that arises from an embodied process through which movement is generated. This research aimed to evaluate feasibility and reliability of the Motor Creativity Instrument (MOCI) in 9- to 13-year-olds in Finland. The instrument was pretested and piloted in a total of 87 Finnish children from third to sixth grade (mean age 11.84 ± 0.94 years). Performance in four test items of the MOCI, that is, locomotor, manipulation, symbolism, and imagination tasks, were video recorded, and videos transcribed. The transcriptions were scored for four theory-driven dimensions of motor creativity, that is, fluency, flexibility, originality, and imagination. Internal consistency of the MOCI was calculated within the four dimensions, and it was found overall acceptable (α =0.828, 95% confidence interval [0.770, 0.877]). Additionally, intrarater reliability for the imagination task was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient, and indicated an excellent consistency (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.97; 95% confidence interval [0.93, 0.98]) across ratings. The measurement environment and technical aspects were recognized as essential for accurate measurements. The MOCI represents the first tool that is evidently feasible and reliable for assessing motor creativity in a non-sport-specific and motor developmentally appropriate manner in children aged 9-13 years.
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1508739
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1123/jmld.2025-0028
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Motor Development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Creativity
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      – SubjectFull: Grade 3
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      – SubjectFull: Grade 6
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      – SubjectFull: Test Reliability
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      – SubjectFull: Children
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      – SubjectFull: Psychomotor Skills
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Finland
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      – TitleFull: Evaluating the Feasibility and Reliability of the Motor Creativity Instrument in 9- to 13-Year-Olds in Finland
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