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Parent-Reported Trajectory of Gross Motor Developmental Milestones in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Latent Growth Curve Analysis

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Title: Parent-Reported Trajectory of Gross Motor Developmental Milestones in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Latent Growth Curve Analysis
Language: English
Authors: Laura Statham (ORCID 0009-0006-6576-795X), Kathryn Fortnum (ORCID 0000-0002-9190-558X), Matthew Bourke (ORCID 0000-0001-7088-4516), Sara King-Dowling (ORCID 0000-0003-3670-8425), Emily Bremer (ORCID 0000-0003-1488-1032), Matthew Kwan (ORCID 0000-0002-9757-2771), John Cairney (ORCID 0000-0003-2856-3967)
Source: Journal of Motor Learning and Development. 2026 14(1).
Availability: Human Kinetics, Inc. 1607 North Market Street, Champaign, IL 61820. Tel: 800-474-4457; Fax: 217-351-1549; e-mail: info@hkusa.com; Web site: https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jmld/jmld-overview.xml
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 8
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Psychomotor Skills, Motor Development, Developmental Delays, Perceptual Motor Coordination, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Young Children, Foreign Countries, At Risk Persons, Rating Scales, Check Lists, Child Behavior
Geographic Terms: Canada
Assessment and Survey Identifiers: Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Conners Rating Scales, Child Behavior Checklist
DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2025-0030
ISSN: 2325-3193
2325-3215
Abstract: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired motor coordination, significantly affecting daily activities. This study aimed to analyze gross motor milestone trajectories in children with DCD, while controlling for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism symptomology, compared with typically developing children. Data from the Coordination and Activity Tracking in CHildren (CATCH) study were analyzed (n = 505 children, baseline age 4-5 years) from Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Children were categorized by motor proficiency level (Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2; MABC) as having probable DCD (<6th MABC percentile); being at risk for DCD (sixth to 16th MABC percentile); or motorically typically developing (>16th a MABC percentile). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptomology, autism symptomology, and motor milestone age when achieved were assessed using parent-report scales. A latent growth curve analysis was conducted to examine patterns of motor milestone achievement. Controlling for attention deficit hyperactivity and autism symptoms, probable DCD was associated with standing assisted 0.6 months later than typically developing children, and a delayed trajectory of milestone progression. Children at risk of DCD did not demonstrate delayed achievement of motor milestones. Delayed achievement of motor milestones--though small--may be associated with probable DCD.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1508775
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Parent-Reported Trajectory of Gross Motor Developmental Milestones in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Latent Growth Curve Analysis
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  Data: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impaired motor coordination, significantly affecting daily activities. This study aimed to analyze gross motor milestone trajectories in children with DCD, while controlling for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism symptomology, compared with typically developing children. Data from the Coordination and Activity Tracking in CHildren (CATCH) study were analyzed (n = 505 children, baseline age 4-5 years) from Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Children were categorized by motor proficiency level (Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2; MABC) as having probable DCD (&lt;6th MABC percentile); being at risk for DCD (sixth to 16th MABC percentile); or motorically typically developing (&gt;16th a MABC percentile). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptomology, autism symptomology, and motor milestone age when achieved were assessed using parent-report scales. A latent growth curve analysis was conducted to examine patterns of motor milestone achievement. Controlling for attention deficit hyperactivity and autism symptoms, probable DCD was associated with standing assisted 0.6 months later than typically developing children, and a delayed trajectory of milestone progression. Children at risk of DCD did not demonstrate delayed achievement of motor milestones. Delayed achievement of motor milestones--though small--may be associated with probable DCD.
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        Value: 10.1123/jmld.2025-0030
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 8
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      – SubjectFull: Psychomotor Skills
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Motor Development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Developmental Delays
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      – SubjectFull: Perceptual Motor Coordination
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      – SubjectFull: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
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      – TitleFull: Parent-Reported Trajectory of Gross Motor Developmental Milestones in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Latent Growth Curve Analysis
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