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Depressive Realism and Outcome Density Bias in Contingency Judgments: The Effect of the Context and Intertrial Interval

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Title: Depressive Realism and Outcome Density Bias in Contingency Judgments: The Effect of the Context and Intertrial Interval
Language: English
Authors: Msetfi, Rachel M., Murphy, Robin A., Simpson, Jane
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. Feb 2005 134(1):10-22.
Availability: American Psychological Association, 750 First Street, NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242. Tel: 800-374-2721 (Toll Free); Tel: 202-336-5510; TDD/TTY: 202-336-6123; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: journals@apa.org.
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 12
Publication Date: 2005
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Realism, Intervals, Depression (Psychology), Cognitive Processes, Psychological Studies, Psychological Patterns, Evaluative Thinking
ISSN: 0096-3445
Abstract: The perception of the effectiveness of instrumental actions is influenced by depressed mood. Depressive realism (DR) is the claim that depressed people are particularly accurate in evaluating instrumentality. In two experiments, the authors tested the DR hypothesis using an action-outcome contingency judgment task. DR effects were a function of intertrial interval length and outcome density, suggesting that depressed mood is accompanied by reduced contextual processing rather than increased judgment accuracy. The DR effect was observed only when participants were exposed to extended periods in which no actions or outcomes occurred. This implies that DR may result from an impairment in contextual processing rather than accurate but negative expectations. Therefore, DR is consistent with a cognitive distortion view of depression.
Abstractor: Author
Entry Date: 2005
Access URL: https://www.apa.org/journals
Accession Number: EJ688589
Database: ERIC
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  Data: The perception of the effectiveness of instrumental actions is influenced by depressed mood. Depressive realism (DR) is the claim that depressed people are particularly accurate in evaluating instrumentality. In two experiments, the authors tested the DR hypothesis using an action-outcome contingency judgment task. DR effects were a function of intertrial interval length and outcome density, suggesting that depressed mood is accompanied by reduced contextual processing rather than increased judgment accuracy. The DR effect was observed only when participants were exposed to extended periods in which no actions or outcomes occurred. This implies that DR may result from an impairment in contextual processing rather than accurate but negative expectations. Therefore, DR is consistent with a cognitive distortion view of depression.
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      – Text: English
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      – TitleFull: Depressive Realism and Outcome Density Bias in Contingency Judgments: The Effect of the Context and Intertrial Interval
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