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Associations between Parents' Marital Functioning, Maternal Parenting Quality, Maternal Emotion and Child Cortisol Levels

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Title: Associations between Parents' Marital Functioning, Maternal Parenting Quality, Maternal Emotion and Child Cortisol Levels
Language: English
Authors: Pendry, Patricia, Adam, Emma K.
Source: International Journal of Behavioral Development. 2007 31(3):218-231.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Physical Description: PDF
Page Count: 14
Publication Date: 2007
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Marital Satisfaction, Child Rearing, Parent Child Relationship, Depression (Psychology), Parenting Skills, Correlation, Family Relationship, Stress Variables, Physiology, Conflict, Mothers, Emotional Response, Anxiety, Self Esteem, Children, Adolescents, Age Differences, Questionnaires
DOI: 10.1177/0165025407074634
ISSN: 0165-0254
Abstract: Associations between family functioning and children's stress hormone levels are explored, by examining how aspects of the interparental relationship (parents' marital satisfaction and parent conflict styles), the mother-child relationship (maternal involvement and warmth) and maternal emotional functioning (depression, anxiety and self-esteem) relate to children's cortisol levels. Parents of 63 children (32 kindergarten-aged children, 31 adolescents) completed questionnaires regarding family and individual functioning, and children's salivary cortisol samples were collected on two consecutive weekdays at home immediately upon waking and at bedtime, such that wakeup, bedtime and average levels and the slope of their diurnal cortisol rhythms could be estimated. Higher marital functioning was significantly and independently associated with lower child cortisol levels (average levels and wakeup levels), while maternal parenting quality and emotional functioning were not significant when included in the same regression model. Associations between parents' marital functioning and children's bedtime cortisol levels and diurnal slopes were moderated by child age, with higher parent marital functioning being associated with a significantly greater lowering of bedtime levels and steeper diurnal slopes for kindergarten-aged children as compared to adolescents. Higher maternal parenting quality was found to be significantly related to steeper diurnal cortisol rhythms. (Contains 5 tables, 2 figures and 6 footnotes.)
Abstractor: As Provided
Number of References: 80
Entry Date: 2008
Accession Number: EJ808277
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Associations between Parents' Marital Functioning, Maternal Parenting Quality, Maternal Emotion and Child Cortisol Levels
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pendry%2C+Patricia%22">Pendry, Patricia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Adam%2C+Emma+K%2E%22">Adam, Emma K.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22International+Journal+of+Behavioral+Development%22"><i>International Journal of Behavioral Development</i></searchLink>. 2007 31(3):218-231.
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Evaluative
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Marital+Satisfaction%22">Marital Satisfaction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+Rearing%22">Child Rearing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parent+Child+Relationship%22">Parent Child Relationship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Depression+%28Psychology%29%22">Depression (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parenting+Skills%22">Parenting Skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Correlation%22">Correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Family+Relationship%22">Family Relationship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stress+Variables%22">Stress Variables</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physiology%22">Physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Conflict%22">Conflict</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mothers%22">Mothers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotional+Response%22">Emotional Response</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anxiety%22">Anxiety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self+Esteem%22">Self Esteem</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescents%22">Adolescents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+Differences%22">Age Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1177/0165025407074634
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  Data: 0165-0254
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  Data: Associations between family functioning and children's stress hormone levels are explored, by examining how aspects of the interparental relationship (parents' marital satisfaction and parent conflict styles), the mother-child relationship (maternal involvement and warmth) and maternal emotional functioning (depression, anxiety and self-esteem) relate to children's cortisol levels. Parents of 63 children (32 kindergarten-aged children, 31 adolescents) completed questionnaires regarding family and individual functioning, and children's salivary cortisol samples were collected on two consecutive weekdays at home immediately upon waking and at bedtime, such that wakeup, bedtime and average levels and the slope of their diurnal cortisol rhythms could be estimated. Higher marital functioning was significantly and independently associated with lower child cortisol levels (average levels and wakeup levels), while maternal parenting quality and emotional functioning were not significant when included in the same regression model. Associations between parents' marital functioning and children's bedtime cortisol levels and diurnal slopes were moderated by child age, with higher parent marital functioning being associated with a significantly greater lowering of bedtime levels and steeper diurnal slopes for kindergarten-aged children as compared to adolescents. Higher maternal parenting quality was found to be significantly related to steeper diurnal cortisol rhythms. (Contains 5 tables, 2 figures and 6 footnotes.)
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PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=EJ808277
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        Value: 10.1177/0165025407074634
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      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
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        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 218
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Marital Satisfaction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Child Rearing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parent Child Relationship
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Depression (Psychology)
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      – SubjectFull: Parenting Skills
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      – SubjectFull: Correlation
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      – SubjectFull: Family Relationship
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stress Variables
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Conflict
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mothers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotional Response
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anxiety
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Self Esteem
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age Differences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Associations between Parents' Marital Functioning, Maternal Parenting Quality, Maternal Emotion and Child Cortisol Levels
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            NameFull: Adam, Emma K.
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