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Prevalence of Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Studies

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Title: Prevalence of Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Studies
Language: English
Authors: Maulik, Pallab K., Mascarenhas, Maya N., Mathers, Colin D.
Source: Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal. Mar-Apr 2011 32(2):419-436.
Availability: Elsevier. 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887-4800. Tel: 877-839-7126; Tel: 407-345-4020; Fax: 407-363-1354; e-mail: usjcs@elsevier.com; Web site: http://www.elsevier.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Physical Description: PDF
Page Count: 18
Publication Date: 2011
Document Type: Information Analyses
Journal Articles
Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Income, Incidence, Mental Retardation, Public Health, Developed Nations, Meta Analysis, Socioeconomic Status, Cross Cultural Studies, Foreign Countries, Age Differences, Research Methodology, Children, Adolescents, Economic Impact
DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.018
ISSN: 0891-4222
Abstract: Intellectual disability is an extremely stigmatizing condition and involves utilization of large public health resources, but most data about its burden is based on studies conducted in developed countries. The aim of this meta-analysis was to collate data from published literature and estimate the prevalence of intellectual disability across all such studies. The review includes studies published between 1980 and 2009, and includes data from populations that provided an overall estimate of the prevalence of intellectual disability. Meta-analysis was done using random effects to account for heterogeneity. Sub-group analyses were also done. The prevalence of intellectual disability across all 52 studies included in the meta-analysis was 10.37/1000 population. The estimates varied according to income group of the country of origin, the age-group of the study population, and study design. The highest rates were seen in countries from low- and middle income countries. Studies based on identification of cases by using psychological assessments or scales showed higher prevalence compared to those using standard diagnostic systems and disability instruments. Prevalence was higher among studies based on children/adolescents, compared to those on adults. Higher prevalence in low and middle income group countries is of concern given the limitations in available resources in such countries to manage intellectual disability. The importance of using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the burden is underlined. The public health and research implications of this meta-analysis have been discussed. (Contains 4 figures and 2 tables.)
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2011
Accession Number: EJ915717
Database: ERIC
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maulik%2C+Pallab+K%2E%22">Maulik, Pallab K.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mascarenhas%2C+Maya+N%2E%22">Mascarenhas, Maya N.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mathers%2C+Colin+D%2E%22">Mathers, Colin D.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Research+in+Developmental+Disabilities%3A+A+Multidisciplinary+Journal%22"><i>Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal</i></searchLink>. Mar-Apr 2011 32(2):419-436.
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  Data: Elsevier. 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887-4800. Tel: 877-839-7126; Tel: 407-345-4020; Fax: 407-363-1354; e-mail: usjcs@elsevier.com; Web site: http://www.elsevier.com
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  Data: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.018
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  Data: Intellectual disability is an extremely stigmatizing condition and involves utilization of large public health resources, but most data about its burden is based on studies conducted in developed countries. The aim of this meta-analysis was to collate data from published literature and estimate the prevalence of intellectual disability across all such studies. The review includes studies published between 1980 and 2009, and includes data from populations that provided an overall estimate of the prevalence of intellectual disability. Meta-analysis was done using random effects to account for heterogeneity. Sub-group analyses were also done. The prevalence of intellectual disability across all 52 studies included in the meta-analysis was 10.37/1000 population. The estimates varied according to income group of the country of origin, the age-group of the study population, and study design. The highest rates were seen in countries from low- and middle income countries. Studies based on identification of cases by using psychological assessments or scales showed higher prevalence compared to those using standard diagnostic systems and disability instruments. Prevalence was higher among studies based on children/adolescents, compared to those on adults. Higher prevalence in low and middle income group countries is of concern given the limitations in available resources in such countries to manage intellectual disability. The importance of using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the burden is underlined. The public health and research implications of this meta-analysis have been discussed. (Contains 4 figures and 2 tables.)
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