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Entrepreneurial Intentions in Developing and Developed Countries

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Title: Entrepreneurial Intentions in Developing and Developed Countries
Language: English
Authors: Iakovleva, Tatiana, Kolvereid, Lars, Stephan, Ute
Source: Education & Training. 2011 53(5):353-370.
Availability: Emerald. Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley, BD16 1WA, UK. Tel: 888-622-0075; Tel: +44-1274-777700; Fax: 617-354-6875; e-mail: america@emeraldinsight.com; Web site: http://www.emeraldinsight.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Physical Description: PDF
Page Count: 18
Publication Date: 2011
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Evaluative
Education Level: Higher Education
Descriptors: Norms, Developed Nations, Entrepreneurship, Developing Nations, Predictor Variables, Intention, Comparative Analysis, Comparative Education, Questionnaires, Interest Inventories, Behavior Theories, Student Attitudes, Foreign Countries, Hypothesis Testing, Student Characteristics
DOI: 10.1108/00400911111147686
ISSN: 0040-0912
Abstract: Purpose: This study proposes to use the Theory of Planned Behaviour to predict entrepreneurial intentions among students in five developing and nine developed countries. The purpose is to investigate whether entrepreneurial intention and its antecedents differ between developing and developed countries, and to test the theory in the two groups of countries. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 2,225 students in 13 countries participated in this study by responding to a structured questionnaire in classrooms. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data. Findings: The findings indicate that respondents from developing countries have stronger entrepreneurial intentions than those from developed countries. Moreover, the respondents from developing countries also score higher on the theory's antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions--attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control--than respondents from developed countries. The findings support the Theory of Planned Behaviour in both developing and developed countries. Research limitations/implications: The findings strongly support the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The measure of subjective norms used, a multiple-item index encompassing the views of other people and motivation to comply with these, seems to have advantages over other measures of this concept. Practical implications: Developing countries need to focus on the development of institutions that can support entrepreneurial efforts. At the same time, developed economies may need to accept that entrepreneurial intentions are dependent on the dynamism of an economic environment and possibly on risk-perceiving behaviours. Originality/value: While multiple-country studies on entrepreneurship in developing and developed countries have been called for, no previous study has compared entrepreneurial intentions between developing and developed countries. The inclusion of developing countries provides a unique quasi-experimental setting in which to test the theory. (Contains 7 tables, 1 figure and 1 note.)
Abstractor: As Provided
Number of References: 40
Entry Date: 2011
Accession Number: EJ930925
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Entrepreneurial Intentions in Developing and Developed Countries
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Iakovleva%2C+Tatiana%22">Iakovleva, Tatiana</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kolvereid%2C+Lars%22">Kolvereid, Lars</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stephan%2C+Ute%22">Stephan, Ute</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Education+%26+Training%22"><i>Education & Training</i></searchLink>. 2011 53(5):353-370.
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  Data: Emerald. Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley, BD16 1WA, UK. Tel: 888-622-0075; Tel: +44-1274-777700; Fax: 617-354-6875; e-mail: america@emeraldinsight.com; Web site: http://www.emeraldinsight.com
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Norms%22">Norms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Developed+Nations%22">Developed Nations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Entrepreneurship%22">Entrepreneurship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Developing+Nations%22">Developing Nations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Predictor+Variables%22">Predictor Variables</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intention%22">Intention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+Analysis%22">Comparative Analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+Education%22">Comparative Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interest+Inventories%22">Interest Inventories</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior+Theories%22">Behavior Theories</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Attitudes%22">Student Attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hypothesis+Testing%22">Hypothesis Testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Characteristics%22">Student Characteristics</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
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  Data: 10.1108/00400911111147686
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 0040-0912
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: This study proposes to use the Theory of Planned Behaviour to predict entrepreneurial intentions among students in five developing and nine developed countries. The purpose is to investigate whether entrepreneurial intention and its antecedents differ between developing and developed countries, and to test the theory in the two groups of countries. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 2,225 students in 13 countries participated in this study by responding to a structured questionnaire in classrooms. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data. Findings: The findings indicate that respondents from developing countries have stronger entrepreneurial intentions than those from developed countries. Moreover, the respondents from developing countries also score higher on the theory's antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions--attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control--than respondents from developed countries. The findings support the Theory of Planned Behaviour in both developing and developed countries. Research limitations/implications: The findings strongly support the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The measure of subjective norms used, a multiple-item index encompassing the views of other people and motivation to comply with these, seems to have advantages over other measures of this concept. Practical implications: Developing countries need to focus on the development of institutions that can support entrepreneurial efforts. At the same time, developed economies may need to accept that entrepreneurial intentions are dependent on the dynamism of an economic environment and possibly on risk-perceiving behaviours. Originality/value: While multiple-country studies on entrepreneurship in developing and developed countries have been called for, no previous study has compared entrepreneurial intentions between developing and developed countries. The inclusion of developing countries provides a unique quasi-experimental setting in which to test the theory. (Contains 7 tables, 1 figure and 1 note.)
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  Data: EJ930925
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        Value: 10.1108/00400911111147686
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      – Text: English
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Norms
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      – SubjectFull: Developed Nations
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      – SubjectFull: Entrepreneurship
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      – SubjectFull: Developing Nations
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      – SubjectFull: Predictor Variables
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      – SubjectFull: Intention
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
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