Gasto de bolsillo y gasto catastrófico en salud en los hogares de Cartagena, Colombia.
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| Title: | Gasto de bolsillo y gasto catastrófico en salud en los hogares de Cartagena, Colombia. |
|---|---|
| Alternate Title: | Out-of-pocket and catastrophic health expenditure in households of Cartagena, Colombia. |
| Authors: | Alvis-Zakzuk, Jossie1 joalvis@alzakfoundation.org, Marrugo-Arnedo, Carlos2 carlosmarrugoarnedo@gmail.com, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J.3 alviszakzuk@gmail.com, Gómez de la Rosa, Fernando4 fgomez@alzakfoundation.org, Florez-Tanus, Álvaro5 alvaroflorezt@gmail.com, Moreno-Ruiz, Deicy6 deicyvanessa@hotmail.com, Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson7 nalvis@yahoo.com |
| Source: | Revista de Salud Pública. Nov/Dec2018, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p591-598. 8p. |
| Abstract (English): | Objective To estimate out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditure and the probability to incur in catastrophic health expenditure, as well as the socio-demographic determinants of households in Cartagena, Colombia. Materials and Methods Population-based cross-sectional study on a randomized stratified sample of Cartagena households. Two regression models were developed using OOP health expenditure and the probability to incur in catastrophic health expenditure as dependent variables. Results The average annual OOP health expenditure was $1 566 036 COP (US$783) (95%CI: $1 117 597 - $2 014 475) in poor households, $2 492 928 COP (US$1 246) (95%CI: $1 695 845 - $3 290 011) in middle class households, and $4 577 172 COP (US$2 288) (95%CI: $1 838 222 - $7 316 122) in upper class households. Regarding the household income ratio, the OOP health expenditure was 14.6% in poor households, 8.2% in middle class, and 7.0% in upper class households. The probability to incur in catastrophic health expenditure was 30.6% (95%CI: 25.6% - 35.5%), 10.2% (95%CI: 4.5%-15.9%) and 8.6% (95%CI: 1.8%-23%) in the low, middle- and high-class households, respectively. Educational attainment, socioeconomic strata and employment were the main determinants of OOP and the probability to incur in catastrophic health expenditure. Conclusions The health system has persistent inequalities regarding the financial protection of households related to out-of-pocket expenditure and the probability of catastrophic expenditure. This study provides evidence to review the social protection policy for the most socio-economically vulnerable households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): | Objetivo Estimar el gasto de bolsillo y la probabilidad de gasto catastrófico de los hogares y sus determinantes socioeconómicos en Cartagena, Colombia. Materiales y Métodos Estudio transversal en una muestra poblacional estratificada aleatoria de hogares de Cartagena. Se estimaron dos modelos de regresión cuyas variables dependientes fueron gasto de bolsillo y probabilidad de gasto catastrófico en salud de los hogares. Resultados El gasto de bolsillo promedio anual en hogares pobres fue 1 566 036 COP (US$783) (IC95% 1 117 597--2 014 475); en hogares de estrato medio 2 492 928 COP (US$1246) (IC95% 1 695 845-3 290 011) y en hogares ricos 4 577 172 COP (US$2 288) (IC95% 1 838 222-7 316 122). Como proporción del ingreso, el gasto de bolsillo en salud fue de 14,6% en los hogares pobres, de 8,2% en los hogares de estrato medio y de 7,0% en los hogares ricos. La probabilidad de gasto catastrófico en salud de los hogares pobres fue 30,6% (IC95% 25,6-35,5%), de los de estrato medio del 10,2% (IC95% 4,5-15,9%) y de los hogares de estrato alto del 8,6% (IC95% 1,8- 23,0%). El estrato socioeconómico, la educación y la ocupación fueron los principales determinantes del gasto de bolsillo en salud y de la probabilidad de incurrir en gasto catastrófico en salud. Conclusiones En el sistema de salud persisten desigualdades en la protección financiera de los hogares contra el gasto de bolsillo y la probabilidad de gasto catastrófico. El presente estudio genera evidencia para revisar la política de protección social de los hogares socioeconómicamente más vulnerables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | MedicLatina |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Gasto de bolsillo y gasto catastrófico en salud en los hogares de Cartagena, Colombia. – Name: TitleAlt Label: Alternate Title Group: TiAlt Data: Out-of-pocket and catastrophic health expenditure in households of Cartagena, Colombia. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alvis-Zakzuk%2C+Jossie%22">Alvis-Zakzuk, Jossie</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> joalvis@alzakfoundation.org</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marrugo-Arnedo%2C+Carlos%22">Marrugo-Arnedo, Carlos</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> carlosmarrugoarnedo@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alvis-Zakzuk%2C+Nelson+J%2E%22">Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> alviszakzuk@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gómez+de+la+Rosa%2C+Fernando%22">Gómez de la Rosa, Fernando</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><i> fgomez@alzakfoundation.org</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Florez-Tanus%2C+Álvaro%22">Florez-Tanus, Álvaro</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><i> alvaroflorezt@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moreno-Ruiz%2C+Deicy%22">Moreno-Ruiz, Deicy</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><i> deicyvanessa@hotmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alvis-Guzmán%2C+Nelson%22">Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo><i> nalvis@yahoo.com</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Revista+de+Salud+Pública%22">Revista de Salud Pública</searchLink>. Nov/Dec2018, Vol. 20 Issue 6, p591-598. 8p. – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract (English) Group: Ab Data: Objective To estimate out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditure and the probability to incur in catastrophic health expenditure, as well as the socio-demographic determinants of households in Cartagena, Colombia. Materials and Methods Population-based cross-sectional study on a randomized stratified sample of Cartagena households. Two regression models were developed using OOP health expenditure and the probability to incur in catastrophic health expenditure as dependent variables. Results The average annual OOP health expenditure was $1 566 036 COP (US$783) (95%CI: $1 117 597 - $2 014 475) in poor households, $2 492 928 COP (US$1 246) (95%CI: $1 695 845 - $3 290 011) in middle class households, and $4 577 172 COP (US$2 288) (95%CI: $1 838 222 - $7 316 122) in upper class households. Regarding the household income ratio, the OOP health expenditure was 14.6% in poor households, 8.2% in middle class, and 7.0% in upper class households. The probability to incur in catastrophic health expenditure was 30.6% (95%CI: 25.6% - 35.5%), 10.2% (95%CI: 4.5%-15.9%) and 8.6% (95%CI: 1.8%-23%) in the low, middle- and high-class households, respectively. Educational attainment, socioeconomic strata and employment were the main determinants of OOP and the probability to incur in catastrophic health expenditure. Conclusions The health system has persistent inequalities regarding the financial protection of households related to out-of-pocket expenditure and the probability of catastrophic expenditure. This study provides evidence to review the social protection policy for the most socio-economically vulnerable households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract (Spanish) Group: Ab Data: Objetivo Estimar el gasto de bolsillo y la probabilidad de gasto catastrófico de los hogares y sus determinantes socioeconómicos en Cartagena, Colombia. Materiales y Métodos Estudio transversal en una muestra poblacional estratificada aleatoria de hogares de Cartagena. Se estimaron dos modelos de regresión cuyas variables dependientes fueron gasto de bolsillo y probabilidad de gasto catastrófico en salud de los hogares. Resultados El gasto de bolsillo promedio anual en hogares pobres fue 1 566 036 COP (US$783) (IC95% 1 117 597--2 014 475); en hogares de estrato medio 2 492 928 COP (US$1246) (IC95% 1 695 845-3 290 011) y en hogares ricos 4 577 172 COP (US$2 288) (IC95% 1 838 222-7 316 122). Como proporción del ingreso, el gasto de bolsillo en salud fue de 14,6% en los hogares pobres, de 8,2% en los hogares de estrato medio y de 7,0% en los hogares ricos. La probabilidad de gasto catastrófico en salud de los hogares pobres fue 30,6% (IC95% 25,6-35,5%), de los de estrato medio del 10,2% (IC95% 4,5-15,9%) y de los hogares de estrato alto del 8,6% (IC95% 1,8- 23,0%). El estrato socioeconómico, la educación y la ocupación fueron los principales determinantes del gasto de bolsillo en salud y de la probabilidad de incurrir en gasto catastrófico en salud. Conclusiones En el sistema de salud persisten desigualdades en la protección financiera de los hogares contra el gasto de bolsillo y la probabilidad de gasto catastrófico. El presente estudio genera evidencia para revisar la política de protección social de los hogares socioeconómicamente más vulnerables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.15446/rsap.V20n5.61403 Languages: – Code: spa Text: Spanish PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 8 StartPage: 591 Titles: – TitleFull: Gasto de bolsillo y gasto catastrófico en salud en los hogares de Cartagena, Colombia. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Alvis-Zakzuk, Jossie – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Marrugo-Arnedo, Carlos – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Gómez de la Rosa, Fernando – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Florez-Tanus, Álvaro – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Moreno-Ruiz, Deicy – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 11 Text: Nov/Dec2018 Type: published Y: 2018 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 01240064 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 20 – Type: issue Value: 6 Titles: – TitleFull: Revista de Salud Pública Type: main |
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