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Consumo de embutidos en mujeres costarricenses: efecto del nivel socioeconómico.

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Title: Consumo de embutidos en mujeres costarricenses: efecto del nivel socioeconómico.
Alternate Title: Intake of processed meats by Costa Rican women: effect of socioeconomic status.
Authors: Santamaría-Ulloa, Carolina1,2 carolina.santamaria@ucr.ac.cr, Bekelman, Traci A.3 traci.bekelman@cuanschutz.edu
Source: Revista de Biología Tropical. Apr-Jun2021, Vol. 69 Issue 2, p665-677. 13p.
Subjects: INTERNATIONAL Agency for Research on Cancer, METROPOLITAN areas, EDUCATIONAL planning, FOOD composition, NUTRITIONAL requirements, DISEASE incidence, PROCESSED foods
Geographic Terms: SAN Jose (Costa Rica)
Abstract (English): Introduction: Intake of processed meats has been associated with serious health problems that are common among women. In 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified processed meats as human carcinogens, associated specifically with colon cancer. The increase in intake of processed meats, which are a low-cost source of dietary protein, varies by socioeconomic status (SES) and can impact chronic disease incidence. Objective: Examine the association between processed meats intake and (a) total protein intake, (b) inadequate protein intake, by SES. Methods: This study included a representative sample (N = 135) of women age 25 to 45 years, with one to four children, from three different socioeconomic groups who were residents of two counties from the Greater Metropolitan Area of San José, Costa Rica between June 2014 and March 2015. Using photographs, we examined women’s perceptions of the cost and perceived desirability of 12 different foods, including processed meats. Using 24-hour dietary recalls collected on three different days, and the ValorNut food composition database, we estimated total protein intake, in grams, and determined the intake frequency (times/day) of processed meat. Each women’s dietary protein requirement was estimated based on her bodyweight. Inadequate protein intake was calculated as the difference between protein requirement and actual intake. A linear regression model was used to determine the association between total protein intake in grams and intake frequency (times/day) of processed meat. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between low protein intake and intake frequency (times/day) of processed meat. Results: Processed meats were perceived as the least preferred protein source but were the third most commonly consumed protein source. Consumption of processed meats differed by SES and was lower in the higher SES group (P < 0.01). The most commonly consumed processed meats by SES were “mortadella” (low-SES), sausages (middle-SES), and sliced turkey/ham (high-SES). Processed meat intake was significantly associated with an increase in protein intake. There was an inverse association between SES and inadequate protein intake. Conclusions: Processed meat intake is associated with SES. Women may consume processed meats because they are perceived to be a low-cost protein source. Educational strategies are needed to help women identify their protein needs and meet those needs with healthier and affordable dietary alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Introducción: El consumo de embutidos se ha asociado con serios problemas de salud que son comu-nes entre la población femenina. En el 2015 la Agencia Internacional para la Investigación en Cáncer clasificó los embutidos, como carcinógenos para los seres humanos ya que su ingesta está relacionada con el cáncer colorrectal. El aumento en el consumo de embutidos, los cuales son un alimento fuente de proteína de bajo costo, es diferencial según nivel socioeconómico y puede tener un impacto en la incidencia de enfermedades crónicas en la población. Objetivo: examinar la asociación entre el consumo de embutidos y (a) la ingesta total de proteína, (b) la ingesta inadecuada de proteína, según NSE. Métodos: Se selec-cionó una muestra (N = 135) de mujeres de 25 a 45 años, con 1 a 4 hijos, pertenecientes a tres diferentes niveles socioeconómicos, residentes de dos cantones del Gran Área Metropolitana de San José, Costa Rica, entre junio 2014 y marzo 2015. Mediante el uso de fotografías se indagó la percepción de las mujeres en cuanto al costo y su preferencia de consumo de 12 distintos alimentos, entre los cuales se incluyó los embutidos. Por medio de recorda-torios alimentarios de 24 horas recolectados en tres visitas diferentes, y el uso de la base de datos de composición de alimentos ValorNut, se midió el consumo de proteína total en gramos y se determinó la cantidad promedio de veces por día que las mujeres consumen embutidos. A partir del peso de cada participante se determinó su requerimiento de proteína. La ingesta inadecuada de proteína se estimó como la diferencia entre el requerimiento y la ingesta observada. Mediante un modelo de regresión lineal se determinó la asociación entre el consumo total de proteína medido en gramos y la cantidad de veces por día que se ingiere embutidos. Mediante un modelo de regresión logística se estimó la asociación entre la ingesta inadecuada de proteína y la cantidad de veces por día que se ingiere embutidos. Resultados: Los embutidos son percibidos como la fuente de proteína menos apetecible, sin embargo, fue la tercera fuente de proteína más consumida. El consumo de embuti-dos difiere según NSE (P < 0.01), en el alto NSE es donde se consumen con menor frecuencia. Los embutidos más comúnmente consumidos fueron mortadela (bajo NSE), salchichón (NSE medio), y jamón de pavo (alto NSE). El consumo de embutidos se asocia significativamente con un incremento en la ingesta de proteína. Se encontró una asociación inversa entre el NSE y la ingesta inadecuada de proteína. Conclusiones: El consumode embutidosestá asociado con el nivel socioeconómico. Es probable que las mujeres consuman embutidos porque los perciben como un alimento fuente de proteína de bajo costo. Se requiere establecer estrategias educativas que ayuden a las mujeres a identificar sus necesidades alimentarias de proteína y a conciliar estas necesidades con la adquisición de alimentos saludables a un costo aceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Revista de Biología Tropical is the property of Universidad de Costa Rica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Consumo de embutidos en mujeres costarricenses: efecto del nivel socioecon&#243;mico.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Santamar&#237;a-Ulloa%2C+Carolina%22&quot;&gt;Santamar&#237;a-Ulloa, Carolina&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;i&gt; carolina.santamaria@ucr.ac.cr&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Bekelman%2C+Traci+A%2E%22&quot;&gt;Bekelman, Traci A.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;3&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;i&gt; traci.bekelman@cuanschutz.edu&lt;/i&gt;
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22INTERNATIONAL+Agency+for+Research+on+Cancer%22&quot;&gt;INTERNATIONAL Agency for Research on Cancer&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22METROPOLITAN+areas%22&quot;&gt;METROPOLITAN areas&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22EDUCATIONAL+planning%22&quot;&gt;EDUCATIONAL planning&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22FOOD+composition%22&quot;&gt;FOOD composition&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22NUTRITIONAL+requirements%22&quot;&gt;NUTRITIONAL requirements&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22DISEASE+incidence%22&quot;&gt;DISEASE incidence&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22PROCESSED+foods%22&quot;&gt;PROCESSED foods&lt;/searchLink&gt;
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22SAN+Jose+%28Costa+Rica%29%22&quot;&gt;SAN Jose (Costa Rica)&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (English)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Introduction: Intake of processed meats has been associated with serious health problems that are common among women. In 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified processed meats as human carcinogens, associated specifically with colon cancer. The increase in intake of processed meats, which are a low-cost source of dietary protein, varies by socioeconomic status (SES) and can impact chronic disease incidence. Objective: Examine the association between processed meats intake and (a) total protein intake, (b) inadequate protein intake, by SES. Methods: This study included a representative sample (N = 135) of women age 25 to 45 years, with one to four children, from three different socioeconomic groups who were residents of two counties from the Greater Metropolitan Area of San Jos&#233;, Costa Rica between June 2014 and March 2015. Using photographs, we examined women’s perceptions of the cost and perceived desirability of 12 different foods, including processed meats. Using 24-hour dietary recalls collected on three different days, and the ValorNut food composition database, we estimated total protein intake, in grams, and determined the intake frequency (times/day) of processed meat. Each women’s dietary protein requirement was estimated based on her bodyweight. Inadequate protein intake was calculated as the difference between protein requirement and actual intake. A linear regression model was used to determine the association between total protein intake in grams and intake frequency (times/day) of processed meat. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between low protein intake and intake frequency (times/day) of processed meat. Results: Processed meats were perceived as the least preferred protein source but were the third most commonly consumed protein source. Consumption of processed meats differed by SES and was lower in the higher SES group (P &lt; 0.01). The most commonly consumed processed meats by SES were “mortadella” (low-SES), sausages (middle-SES), and sliced turkey/ham (high-SES). Processed meat intake was significantly associated with an increase in protein intake. There was an inverse association between SES and inadequate protein intake. Conclusions: Processed meat intake is associated with SES. Women may consume processed meats because they are perceived to be a low-cost protein source. Educational strategies are needed to help women identify their protein needs and meet those needs with healthier and affordable dietary alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Spanish)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Introducci&#243;n: El consumo de embutidos se ha asociado con serios problemas de salud que son comu-nes entre la poblaci&#243;n femenina. En el 2015 la Agencia Internacional para la Investigaci&#243;n en C&#225;ncer clasific&#243; los embutidos, como carcin&#243;genos para los seres humanos ya que su ingesta est&#225; relacionada con el c&#225;ncer colorrectal. El aumento en el consumo de embutidos, los cuales son un alimento fuente de prote&#237;na de bajo costo, es diferencial seg&#250;n nivel socioecon&#243;mico y puede tener un impacto en la incidencia de enfermedades cr&#243;nicas en la poblaci&#243;n. Objetivo: examinar la asociaci&#243;n entre el consumo de embutidos y (a) la ingesta total de prote&#237;na, (b) la ingesta inadecuada de prote&#237;na, seg&#250;n NSE. M&#233;todos: Se selec-cion&#243; una muestra (N = 135) de mujeres de 25 a 45 a&#241;os, con 1 a 4 hijos, pertenecientes a tres diferentes niveles socioecon&#243;micos, residentes de dos cantones del Gran &#193;rea Metropolitana de San Jos&#233;, Costa Rica, entre junio 2014 y marzo 2015. Mediante el uso de fotograf&#237;as se indag&#243; la percepci&#243;n de las mujeres en cuanto al costo y su preferencia de consumo de 12 distintos alimentos, entre los cuales se incluy&#243; los embutidos. Por medio de recorda-torios alimentarios de 24 horas recolectados en tres visitas diferentes, y el uso de la base de datos de composici&#243;n de alimentos ValorNut, se midi&#243; el consumo de prote&#237;na total en gramos y se determin&#243; la cantidad promedio de veces por d&#237;a que las mujeres consumen embutidos. A partir del peso de cada participante se determin&#243; su requerimiento de prote&#237;na. La ingesta inadecuada de prote&#237;na se estim&#243; como la diferencia entre el requerimiento y la ingesta observada. Mediante un modelo de regresi&#243;n lineal se determin&#243; la asociaci&#243;n entre el consumo total de prote&#237;na medido en gramos y la cantidad de veces por d&#237;a que se ingiere embutidos. Mediante un modelo de regresi&#243;n log&#237;stica se estim&#243; la asociaci&#243;n entre la ingesta inadecuada de prote&#237;na y la cantidad de veces por d&#237;a que se ingiere embutidos. Resultados: Los embutidos son percibidos como la fuente de prote&#237;na menos apetecible, sin embargo, fue la tercera fuente de prote&#237;na m&#225;s consumida. El consumo de embuti-dos difiere seg&#250;n NSE (P &lt; 0.01), en el alto NSE es donde se consumen con menor frecuencia. Los embutidos m&#225;s com&#250;nmente consumidos fueron mortadela (bajo NSE), salchich&#243;n (NSE medio), y jam&#243;n de pavo (alto NSE). El consumo de embutidos se asocia significativamente con un incremento en la ingesta de prote&#237;na. Se encontr&#243; una asociaci&#243;n inversa entre el NSE y la ingesta inadecuada de prote&#237;na. Conclusiones: El consumode embutidosest&#225; asociado con el nivel socioecon&#243;mico. Es probable que las mujeres consuman embutidos porque los perciben como un alimento fuente de prote&#237;na de bajo costo. Se requiere establecer estrategias educativas que ayuden a las mujeres a identificar sus necesidades alimentarias de prote&#237;na y a conciliar estas necesidades con la adquisici&#243;n de alimentos saludables a un costo aceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Revista de Biolog&#237;a Tropical is the property of Universidad de Costa Rica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.15517/rbt.v69i2.45428
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      – Code: spa
        Text: Spanish
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        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 665
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      – SubjectFull: INTERNATIONAL Agency for Research on Cancer
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: METROPOLITAN areas
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: EDUCATIONAL planning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: FOOD composition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: NUTRITIONAL requirements
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: DISEASE incidence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: PROCESSED foods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SAN Jose (Costa Rica)
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Consumo de embutidos en mujeres costarricenses: efecto del nivel socioeconómico.
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              M: 04
              Text: Apr-Jun2021
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              Y: 2021
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