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Industrially produced trans fat and saturated fat content of food products in Jamaica.

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Title: Industrially produced trans fat and saturated fat content of food products in Jamaica.
Alternate Title: Contenido de ácidos grasos trans y grasas saturadas producidos industrialmente en productos alimenticios en Jamaica.
Teor de ácidos graxos trans de produção industrial e ácidos graxos saturados em produtos alimentícios na Jamaica.
Authors: Perry, Rasheed1, Henry, Fitzroy J.1 Fitzroy.Henry@utech.edu.jm, Bremmer, Dwyte2
Source: Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública. 2023, Vol. 47, p1-9. 9p.
Subjects: NUTRITION policy, NATIONAL health services, TRANS fatty acids, CONDIMENTS, RESEARCH funding, CONVENIENCE foods, DIETARY fats, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, GRAIN, FOOD industry, GAS chromatography, PAN American Health Organization, NON-communicable diseases, SNACK foods, GROCERY industry, SATURATED fatty acids, CONVENIENCE stores
Geographic Terms: UNITED Kingdom, JAMAICA
Abstract (English): Objective. To estimate industrially produced trans and saturated fatty acid levels in foods within the Jamaican food system. Methods. A total of 308 commonly consumed foods were selected for analysis based on their potential to contain trans fatty acids. Samples were collected from supermarkets, convenience stores, and fast-food restaurants. Official methods of gas chromatography for the analysis of fats were used. The results were expressed as grams of fatty acid per 100 g of food sample and percentage of total fatty acids. Results. Total fat was found to exceed United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS) limits in 27.3% (n = 84/308) of food samples. About one-third (33.8%; n = 104/308) of commonly consumed foods in Jamaica contained varying levels of industrially produced trans fatty acids, while 7.8% exceeded the Pan American Health Organization limit of 2% of total fat. Industrially produced trans fatty acids were found in food categories such as canned meats, baked goods, cooking oils, condiments, breakfast cereals, desserts, dairy, spreads, snacks, and confectionery. The subcategories coconut oils and burgers had the highest mean content. Canned food, infant food, and pasta categories had no trans fat present. Saturated fats were found in almost all foods. Importantly, 32.5% (n = 100/308) of the foods had saturated fat concentrations higher than the NHS limit of 5 g per 100 g of food. Most of the food items with high levels of industrially produced trans fatty acids also contained high levels of saturated fats. Conclusions. Food products in Jamaica contain varying levels of fats that exceeded recommendations which support healthy consumption. Further exploration and reformulation efforts are needed to ensure that nutritional qualities are improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Objetivo. Calcular los niveles de ácidos grasos trans y grasas saturadas producidos industrialmente en alimentos del sistema alimentario de Jamaica. Métodos. Se seleccionó un total de 308 alimentos de consumo común para su análisis en función de la posibilidad de que contuvieran ácidos grasos trans. Se recolectaron muestras de supermercados, tiendas de víveres y restaurantes de comida rápida. Para el análisis de las grasas, se utilizaron métodos oficiales de cromatografía de gases. Se expresaron los resultados en gramos por muestra de alimento y grasa total. Resultados. Se concluyó que la grasa total excedía los límites del Servicio Nacional de Salud del Reino Unido (NHS, por su sigla en inglés) en el 27,3% (n = 84/308) de las muestras de alimentos. Alrededor de un tercio (33,8%; n = 104/308) de los alimentos de consumo común en Jamaica contenían niveles variables de grasas trans producidas industrialmente, mientras que el 7,8% excedía el límite de 2% de grasa total de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Se encontraron grasas trans producidas industrialmente en categorías de alimentos como carnes enlatadas, productos de repostería, aceites de cocina, condimentos, cereales para el desayuno, postres, lácteos, untables, bocadillos o snacks y dulces. Las subcategorías aceite de coco y hamburguesas mostraron el contenido medio más elevado. Las categorías alimentos enlatados, alimentos infantiles y pasta no presentaron grasas trans. Se encontraron grasas saturadas en casi todos los alimentos. Es importante destacar que el 32,5% (n = 100/308) de los alimentos mostraron concentraciones de grasas saturadas superiores al límite del NHS (5 g por cada 100 g de producto). La mayoría de los alimentos con niveles elevados de ácidos grasos trans producidos industrialmente también contenían altos niveles de grasas saturadas. Conclusiones. Los productos alimentarios en Jamaica contienen niveles variables de grasas que excedieron las recomendaciones relativas a un consumo saludable. Es necesario incrementar los esfuerzos de exploración y reformulación para garantizar una mejora de las cualidades nutricionales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Portuguese): Objetivo. Estimar o teor de ácidos graxos trans de produção industrial e ácidos graxos saturados em produtos alimentícios consumidos no sistema alimentar jamaicano. Métodos. Trezentos e oito gêneros alimentícios amplamente consumidos foram selecionados para análise, com base em seu potencial para conter ácidos graxos trans. As amostras foram coletadas em supermercados, lojas de conveniência e restaurantes de fast-food. Foram utilizados métodos oficiais para análise de ácidos graxos, à base de cromatografia gasosa. Os resultados foram expressos em gramas por gordura total e por amostra de alimento. Resultados. Verificou-se que o teor de gordura total excedeu os limites do Serviço Nacional de Saúde do Reino Unido (NHS) em 27,3% (n = 84/308) das amostras de alimentos. Cerca de um terço (33,8%; n = 104/308) dos alimentos comumente consumidos na Jamaica continham níveis variados de ácidos graxos trans de produção industrial, enquanto 7,8% excediam o limite de 2% de gordura total recomendado pela Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde. Ácidos graxos trans de produção industrial foram encontrados em diferentes categorias de alimentos, como carnes enlatadas, pães e doces, óleos de cozinha, condimentos, cereais matinais, sobremesas, laticínios, pastas, salgadinhos e confeitos. As subcategorias "óleos de coco" e "hambúrgueres" apresentaram o maior teor médio. As categorias "alimentos enlatados", "alimentos infantis" e "massas" não continham gordura trans. Ácidos graxos saturados foram encontrados em quase todos os alimentos. Cabe notar que 32,5% (n = 100/308) dos alimentos tinham teor de gordura saturada superior ao limite preconizado pelo NHS (5 g por 100 g de alimento). A maioria dos alimentos com alto teor de ácidos graxos trans de produção industrial também continha alto teor de gorduras saturadas. Conclusões. Os produtos alimentícios na Jamaica contêm níveis variados de gorduras, excedendo as recomendações que apoiam o consumo saudável. Mais esforços de exploração e reformulação são necessários para garantir que a qualidade nutricional dos alimentos seja melhorada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública is the property of Pan American Health Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Industrially produced trans fat and saturated fat content of food products in Jamaica.
– Name: TitleAlt
  Label: Alternate Title
  Group: TiAlt
  Data: Contenido de ácidos grasos trans y grasas saturadas producidos industrialmente en productos alimenticios en Jamaica.<br />Teor de ácidos graxos trans de produção industrial e ácidos graxos saturados em produtos alimentícios na Jamaica.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Perry%2C+Rasheed%22">Perry, Rasheed</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Henry%2C+Fitzroy+J%2E%22">Henry, Fitzroy J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> Fitzroy.Henry@utech.edu.jm</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bremmer%2C+Dwyte%22">Bremmer, Dwyte</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Pan+American+Journal+of+Public+Health+%2F+Revista+Panamericana+de+Salud+Pública%22">Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública</searchLink>. 2023, Vol. 47, p1-9. 9p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22NUTRITION+policy%22">NUTRITION policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22NATIONAL+health+services%22">NATIONAL health services</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22TRANS+fatty+acids%22">TRANS fatty acids</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CONDIMENTS%22">CONDIMENTS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22RESEARCH+funding%22">RESEARCH funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CONVENIENCE+foods%22">CONVENIENCE foods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DIETARY+fats%22">DIETARY fats</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DESCRIPTIVE+statistics%22">DESCRIPTIVE statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22GRAIN%22">GRAIN</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22FOOD+industry%22">FOOD industry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22GAS+chromatography%22">GAS chromatography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PAN+American+Health+Organization%22">PAN American Health Organization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22NON-communicable+diseases%22">NON-communicable diseases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SNACK+foods%22">SNACK foods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22GROCERY+industry%22">GROCERY industry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SATURATED+fatty+acids%22">SATURATED fatty acids</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CONVENIENCE+stores%22">CONVENIENCE stores</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22UNITED+Kingdom%22">UNITED Kingdom</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22JAMAICA%22">JAMAICA</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (English)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objective. To estimate industrially produced trans and saturated fatty acid levels in foods within the Jamaican food system. Methods. A total of 308 commonly consumed foods were selected for analysis based on their potential to contain trans fatty acids. Samples were collected from supermarkets, convenience stores, and fast-food restaurants. Official methods of gas chromatography for the analysis of fats were used. The results were expressed as grams of fatty acid per 100 g of food sample and percentage of total fatty acids. Results. Total fat was found to exceed United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS) limits in 27.3% (n = 84/308) of food samples. About one-third (33.8%; n = 104/308) of commonly consumed foods in Jamaica contained varying levels of industrially produced trans fatty acids, while 7.8% exceeded the Pan American Health Organization limit of 2% of total fat. Industrially produced trans fatty acids were found in food categories such as canned meats, baked goods, cooking oils, condiments, breakfast cereals, desserts, dairy, spreads, snacks, and confectionery. The subcategories coconut oils and burgers had the highest mean content. Canned food, infant food, and pasta categories had no trans fat present. Saturated fats were found in almost all foods. Importantly, 32.5% (n = 100/308) of the foods had saturated fat concentrations higher than the NHS limit of 5 g per 100 g of food. Most of the food items with high levels of industrially produced trans fatty acids also contained high levels of saturated fats. Conclusions. Food products in Jamaica contain varying levels of fats that exceeded recommendations which support healthy consumption. Further exploration and reformulation efforts are needed to ensure that nutritional qualities are improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Spanish)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objetivo. Calcular los niveles de ácidos grasos trans y grasas saturadas producidos industrialmente en alimentos del sistema alimentario de Jamaica. Métodos. Se seleccionó un total de 308 alimentos de consumo común para su análisis en función de la posibilidad de que contuvieran ácidos grasos trans. Se recolectaron muestras de supermercados, tiendas de víveres y restaurantes de comida rápida. Para el análisis de las grasas, se utilizaron métodos oficiales de cromatografía de gases. Se expresaron los resultados en gramos por muestra de alimento y grasa total. Resultados. Se concluyó que la grasa total excedía los límites del Servicio Nacional de Salud del Reino Unido (NHS, por su sigla en inglés) en el 27,3% (n = 84/308) de las muestras de alimentos. Alrededor de un tercio (33,8%; n = 104/308) de los alimentos de consumo común en Jamaica contenían niveles variables de grasas trans producidas industrialmente, mientras que el 7,8% excedía el límite de 2% de grasa total de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Se encontraron grasas trans producidas industrialmente en categorías de alimentos como carnes enlatadas, productos de repostería, aceites de cocina, condimentos, cereales para el desayuno, postres, lácteos, untables, bocadillos o snacks y dulces. Las subcategorías aceite de coco y hamburguesas mostraron el contenido medio más elevado. Las categorías alimentos enlatados, alimentos infantiles y pasta no presentaron grasas trans. Se encontraron grasas saturadas en casi todos los alimentos. Es importante destacar que el 32,5% (n = 100/308) de los alimentos mostraron concentraciones de grasas saturadas superiores al límite del NHS (5 g por cada 100 g de producto). La mayoría de los alimentos con niveles elevados de ácidos grasos trans producidos industrialmente también contenían altos niveles de grasas saturadas. Conclusiones. Los productos alimentarios en Jamaica contienen niveles variables de grasas que excedieron las recomendaciones relativas a un consumo saludable. Es necesario incrementar los esfuerzos de exploración y reformulación para garantizar una mejora de las cualidades nutricionales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Portuguese)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objetivo. Estimar o teor de ácidos graxos trans de produção industrial e ácidos graxos saturados em produtos alimentícios consumidos no sistema alimentar jamaicano. Métodos. Trezentos e oito gêneros alimentícios amplamente consumidos foram selecionados para análise, com base em seu potencial para conter ácidos graxos trans. As amostras foram coletadas em supermercados, lojas de conveniência e restaurantes de fast-food. Foram utilizados métodos oficiais para análise de ácidos graxos, à base de cromatografia gasosa. Os resultados foram expressos em gramas por gordura total e por amostra de alimento. Resultados. Verificou-se que o teor de gordura total excedeu os limites do Serviço Nacional de Saúde do Reino Unido (NHS) em 27,3% (n = 84/308) das amostras de alimentos. Cerca de um terço (33,8%; n = 104/308) dos alimentos comumente consumidos na Jamaica continham níveis variados de ácidos graxos trans de produção industrial, enquanto 7,8% excediam o limite de 2% de gordura total recomendado pela Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde. Ácidos graxos trans de produção industrial foram encontrados em diferentes categorias de alimentos, como carnes enlatadas, pães e doces, óleos de cozinha, condimentos, cereais matinais, sobremesas, laticínios, pastas, salgadinhos e confeitos. As subcategorias "óleos de coco" e "hambúrgueres" apresentaram o maior teor médio. As categorias "alimentos enlatados", "alimentos infantis" e "massas" não continham gordura trans. Ácidos graxos saturados foram encontrados em quase todos os alimentos. Cabe notar que 32,5% (n = 100/308) dos alimentos tinham teor de gordura saturada superior ao limite preconizado pelo NHS (5 g por 100 g de alimento). A maioria dos alimentos com alto teor de ácidos graxos trans de produção industrial também continha alto teor de gorduras saturadas. Conclusões. Os produtos alimentícios na Jamaica contêm níveis variados de gorduras, excedendo as recomendações que apoiam o consumo saudável. Mais esforços de exploração e reformulação são necessários para garantir que a qualidade nutricional dos alimentos seja melhorada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública is the property of Pan American Health Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.26633/RPSP.2023.45
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: NUTRITION policy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: NATIONAL health services
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: TRANS fatty acids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: CONDIMENTS
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: RESEARCH funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: CONVENIENCE foods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: DIETARY fats
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: DESCRIPTIVE statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: GRAIN
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: FOOD industry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: GAS chromatography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: PAN American Health Organization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: NON-communicable diseases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SNACK foods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: GROCERY industry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SATURATED fatty acids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: CONVENIENCE stores
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: UNITED Kingdom
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: JAMAICA
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Industrially produced trans fat and saturated fat content of food products in Jamaica.
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            NameFull: Perry, Rasheed
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              M: 01
              Text: 2023
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              Y: 2023
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              Value: 47
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