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COVID-19 mortality in two waves of the pandemic in Cali, Colombia, before and during vaccination roll-out.

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Title: COVID-19 mortality in two waves of the pandemic in Cali, Colombia, before and during vaccination roll-out.
Alternate Title: Mortalidad por COVID-19 en dos olas de la pandemia en Cali, Colombia, antes y durante el despliegue de las vacunas.
Mortalidade por COVID-19 em duas ondas da pandemia em Cali, Colômbia, antes e durante a disponibilização das vacinas.
Authors: Reina, Carlos1, Roa, Pablo1 pabloroau@gmail.com, Garcés, Anthony1, Valencia, Andrés1, Torres, Miyerlandi1, Concha-Eastman, Alberto1
Source: Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública. 2023, Vol. 47, p1-7. 7p.
Subjects: MORTALITY, CROSS-sectional method, MEDICAL protocols, IMMUNIZATION, SEX distribution, COVID-19 vaccines, AGE distribution, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SEVERITY of illness index, VACCINATION coverage, COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19, COMORBIDITY
Geographic Terms: COLOMBIA
Abstract (English): Objective. To describe the variation in COVID-19 mortality among residents of Cali, Colombia, in the second wave of the pandemic, before vaccines, and in the fourth wave, with vaccination roll-out in process, taking into account variables of sex, age group, comorbidities, and interval between onset of symptoms and death, and to estimate the number of deaths averted by vaccination. Methods. A cross-sectional study of second wave and fourth wave deaths and vaccination coverage. The frequencies of attributes of deceased population in the two waves were compared, including comorbidities. Machado's method was used to calculate an estimate of the number of deaths averted in the fourth wave. Results. There were 1 133 deaths in the second wave and 754 deaths in the fourth wave. It was calculated that approximately 3 763 deaths were averted in the fourth wave in Cali in the context of vaccination roll-out. Conclusions. The decline in COVID-19-associated mortality observed supports the continuation of the vaccination program. Given the lack of data to explain other possible reasons for this decline, such as on the severity of novel viral variants, the limitations of the study are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Objetivo. Describir la variación en la mortalidad por COVID-19 en los residentes de Cali, Colombia, en la segunda ola de la pandemia (antes de las vacunas) y en la cuarta ola (durante el despliegue de las vacunas). Se tomaron en cuenta las variables referidas al sexo, grupo de edad, comorbilidades e intervalo entre el inicio de los síntomas y la muerte y se estimó el número de muertes evitadas por la vacunación. Métodos. Estudio transversal sobre las muertes en la segunda y cuarta olas de la pandemia de COVID-19 y la cobertura de vacunación. Se compararon las frecuencias de los atributos correspondientes a la población fallecida durante las dos olas, incluidas las comorbilidades. Se utilizó el método de Machado para estimar el número de muertes evitadas en la cuarta ola. Resultados. Se registraron 1 133 muertes en la segunda ola y 754 en la cuarta. Se calculó que, en el contexto del despliegue de las vacunas, en la cuarta ola se evitaron aproximadamente 3 763 muertes en Cali. Conclusiones. La disminución observada en la mortalidad asociada a la COVID-19 respalda la continuación del programa de vacunación. Dada la falta de datos para explicar otras posibles causas de esta disminución, como puede ser la gravedad causada por las nuevas variantes virales, se analizan las limitaciones del estudio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Portuguese): Objetivo. Descrever a variação da mortalidade por COVID-19 entre residentes de Cali, Colômbia, na segunda onda da pandemia (antes das vacinas) e na quarta onda (com a implantação da vacinação já em andamento), considerando as variáveis sexo, faixa etária, comorbidades e intervalo entre início dos sintomas e óbito, bem como estimar o número de óbitos evitados pela vacinação. Métodos. Estudo transversal de mortes e cobertura vacinal na segunda e quarta ondas da pandemia. Foram comparadas as frequências dos atributos da população que foi a óbito durante as duas ondas, incluindo comorbidades. Foi utilizado o método de Machado para estimar o número de mortes evitadas na quarta onda. Resultados. Houve 1.133 mortes na segunda onda e 754 mortes na quarta onda. Calcula-se que cerca de 3.763 mortes foram evitadas na quarta onda em Cali, no contexto da disponibilização das vacinas. Conclusões. A queda observada na mortalidade associada à COVID-19 apoia a continuidade do programa de vacinação. Considerando a falta de dados para explicar outros possíveis motivos para esta queda, como a gravidade das novas variantes do vírus, discutem-se as limitações do estudo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública is the property of Pan American Health Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: MedicLatina
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: COVID-19 mortality in two waves of the pandemic in Cali, Colombia, before and during vaccination roll-out.
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  Data: Mortalidad por COVID-19 en dos olas de la pandemia en Cali, Colombia, antes y durante el despliegue de las vacunas.<br />Mortalidade por COVID-19 em duas ondas da pandemia em Cali, Colômbia, antes e durante a disponibilização das vacinas.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Reina%2C+Carlos%22">Reina, Carlos</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Roa%2C+Pablo%22">Roa, Pablo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> pabloroau@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Garcés%2C+Anthony%22">Garcés, Anthony</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Valencia%2C+Andrés%22">Valencia, Andrés</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Torres%2C+Miyerlandi%22">Torres, Miyerlandi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Concha-Eastman%2C+Alberto%22">Concha-Eastman, Alberto</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Pan+American+Journal+of+Public+Health+%2F+Revista+Panamericana+de+Salud+Pública%22">Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública</searchLink>. 2023, Vol. 47, p1-7. 7p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MORTALITY%22">MORTALITY</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CROSS-sectional+method%22">CROSS-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MEDICAL+protocols%22">MEDICAL protocols</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22IMMUNIZATION%22">IMMUNIZATION</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SEX+distribution%22">SEX distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19+vaccines%22">COVID-19 vaccines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22AGE+distribution%22">AGE distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DESCRIPTIVE+statistics%22">DESCRIPTIVE statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SEVERITY+of+illness+index%22">SEVERITY of illness index</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22VACCINATION+coverage%22">VACCINATION coverage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19+pandemic%22">COVID-19 pandemic</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19%22">COVID-19</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COMORBIDITY%22">COMORBIDITY</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COLOMBIA%22">COLOMBIA</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (English)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objective. To describe the variation in COVID-19 mortality among residents of Cali, Colombia, in the second wave of the pandemic, before vaccines, and in the fourth wave, with vaccination roll-out in process, taking into account variables of sex, age group, comorbidities, and interval between onset of symptoms and death, and to estimate the number of deaths averted by vaccination. Methods. A cross-sectional study of second wave and fourth wave deaths and vaccination coverage. The frequencies of attributes of deceased population in the two waves were compared, including comorbidities. Machado's method was used to calculate an estimate of the number of deaths averted in the fourth wave. Results. There were 1 133 deaths in the second wave and 754 deaths in the fourth wave. It was calculated that approximately 3 763 deaths were averted in the fourth wave in Cali in the context of vaccination roll-out. Conclusions. The decline in COVID-19-associated mortality observed supports the continuation of the vaccination program. Given the lack of data to explain other possible reasons for this decline, such as on the severity of novel viral variants, the limitations of the study are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Spanish)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objetivo. Describir la variación en la mortalidad por COVID-19 en los residentes de Cali, Colombia, en la segunda ola de la pandemia (antes de las vacunas) y en la cuarta ola (durante el despliegue de las vacunas). Se tomaron en cuenta las variables referidas al sexo, grupo de edad, comorbilidades e intervalo entre el inicio de los síntomas y la muerte y se estimó el número de muertes evitadas por la vacunación. Métodos. Estudio transversal sobre las muertes en la segunda y cuarta olas de la pandemia de COVID-19 y la cobertura de vacunación. Se compararon las frecuencias de los atributos correspondientes a la población fallecida durante las dos olas, incluidas las comorbilidades. Se utilizó el método de Machado para estimar el número de muertes evitadas en la cuarta ola. Resultados. Se registraron 1 133 muertes en la segunda ola y 754 en la cuarta. Se calculó que, en el contexto del despliegue de las vacunas, en la cuarta ola se evitaron aproximadamente 3 763 muertes en Cali. Conclusiones. La disminución observada en la mortalidad asociada a la COVID-19 respalda la continuación del programa de vacunación. Dada la falta de datos para explicar otras posibles causas de esta disminución, como puede ser la gravedad causada por las nuevas variantes virales, se analizan las limitaciones del estudio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Portuguese)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objetivo. Descrever a variação da mortalidade por COVID-19 entre residentes de Cali, Colômbia, na segunda onda da pandemia (antes das vacinas) e na quarta onda (com a implantação da vacinação já em andamento), considerando as variáveis sexo, faixa etária, comorbidades e intervalo entre início dos sintomas e óbito, bem como estimar o número de óbitos evitados pela vacinação. Métodos. Estudo transversal de mortes e cobertura vacinal na segunda e quarta ondas da pandemia. Foram comparadas as frequências dos atributos da população que foi a óbito durante as duas ondas, incluindo comorbidades. Foi utilizado o método de Machado para estimar o número de mortes evitadas na quarta onda. Resultados. Houve 1.133 mortes na segunda onda e 754 mortes na quarta onda. Calcula-se que cerca de 3.763 mortes foram evitadas na quarta onda em Cali, no contexto da disponibilização das vacinas. Conclusões. A queda observada na mortalidade associada à COVID-19 apoia a continuidade do programa de vacinação. Considerando a falta de dados para explicar outros possíveis motivos para esta queda, como a gravidade das novas variantes do vírus, discutem-se as limitações do estudo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública is the property of Pan American Health Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.26633/RPSP.2023.76
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: MORTALITY
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      – SubjectFull: IMMUNIZATION
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      – SubjectFull: AGE distribution
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      – SubjectFull: COLOMBIA
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