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Biomass and bioethanol production of the shrub Ulex europaeus (Fabaceae) estimated with remote sensing imagery in the Andean paramos.

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Title: Biomass and bioethanol production of the shrub Ulex europaeus (Fabaceae) estimated with remote sensing imagery in the Andean paramos.
Alternate Title: Biomasa y producción de bioetanol del arbusto Ulex europaeus (Fabaceae) estimados a partir de imágenes de detección remota en los páramos andinos.
Authors: Osorio-Castiblanco, Diego F.1 osori050@umn.edu
Source: Revista de Biología Tropical. 2024, Vol. 72 Issue 1, p1-12. 12p.
Subjects: NORMALIZED difference vegetation index, ALLOMETRIC equations, DIGITAL elevation models, BIOLOGICAL invasions, BIOMASS production, ETHANOL as fuel, FOREST biomass
Abstract (English): Introduction: Gorse (Ulex europaeus, family Fabaceae) is an evergreen shrub native to Europe and invasive in the Andean high-mountain tropical paramos. Objective: To quantify the extent of a biological invasion within a paramo near Los Nevados National Natural Park in Tolima, Colombia, and evaluate bioeconomic solutions to encourage shrub eradication while promoting the local economy and industry. Methods: An object-based supervised classification approach was conducted using UAS (Uncrewed Aircraft Systems)-based RGB imagery and a Planet-derived NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) layer, both from 2022, to quantify the area invaded. This value, the height obtained from a UAS-derived nDSM (Normalized Digital Surface Model), and a pair of allometric equations found in the literature were employed to estimate the gorse aboveground biomass (AGB) and aboveground available fuel, also known as fuel load. Then, documented bioethanol production estimations were applied to calculate its potential extraction based on the AGB values. Results: The invaded area was quantified to be 66 465 m2, with an overall accuracy rate of 85.3 %. Furthermore, the fuel load was found to be approximately half of the AGB, which poses a high risk of fire in the ecosystem. The findings also suggest that up to USD 88 933.7 could be generated if all gorse in the study area is exploited to produce bioethanol. Conclusions: This study underscores the urgency of managing the biological invasion of gorse in the Andean paramo and suggests the potential for bioeconomic solutions to mitigate the impact of these invasions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Introducción: El retamo espinoso (Ulex europaeus, familia Fabaceae) es un arbusto perenne originario de Europa e invasor en los páramos andino-tropicales de alta montaña. Objetivo: Cuantificar la extensión de una invasión biológica dentro de un páramo cerca del Parque Nacional Natural Los Nevados en Tolima, Colombia, y evaluar soluciones bioeconómicas para fomentar la erradicación del arbusto y, al mismo tiempo, promover la economía e industria locales. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo una clasificación supervisada basada en objetos utilizando imágenes RGB tomadas con UAS (sistemas de aeronaves no tripulados) y una capa NDVI (índice de vegetación de diferencia normalizada) derivada de Planet, ambas de 2022, para cuantificar el área invadida. Este valor, así como la altura obtenida a partir de un nDSM (modelo digital de superficie normalizado) derivado de las imágenes UAS y un par de ecuaciones alométricas halladas en la literatura, se emplearon para estimar la biomasa aérea (AGB) y el combustible disponible superficial, también conocido como carga de combustible. Luego, se utilizaron estimaciones documentadas de producción de bioetanol para calcular su potencial extracción con base en los valores de AGB. Resultados: El área invadida se cuantificó en 66 465 m2, con una exactitud global del 85.3 %. Además, se encontró que la carga de combustible era aproximadamente la mitad del AGB, lo que representa un alto riesgo de incendio en el ecosistema. Los resultados también sugieren que se podrían generar hasta 88 933.7 dólares estadounidenses, si se explotara todo el retamo espinoso de la zona de estudio para producir bioetanol. Conclusiones: Este estudio resalta la urgencia de gestionar la invasión biológica del retamo espinoso en el páramo andino y sugiere potenciales soluciones bioeconómicas para mitigar el impacto de estas invasiones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Revista de Biología Tropical is the property of Universidad de Costa Rica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Biomass and bioethanol production of the shrub Ulex europaeus (Fabaceae) estimated with remote sensing imagery in the Andean paramos.
– Name: TitleAlt
  Label: Alternate Title
  Group: TiAlt
  Data: Biomasa y producción de bioetanol del arbusto Ulex europaeus (Fabaceae) estimados a partir de imágenes de detección remota en los páramos andinos.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Osorio-Castiblanco%2C+Diego+F%2E%22">Osorio-Castiblanco, Diego F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> osori050@umn.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Revista+de+Biología+Tropical%22">Revista de Biología Tropical</searchLink>. 2024, Vol. 72 Issue 1, p1-12. 12p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22NORMALIZED+difference+vegetation+index%22">NORMALIZED difference vegetation index</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ALLOMETRIC+equations%22">ALLOMETRIC equations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DIGITAL+elevation+models%22">DIGITAL elevation models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22BIOLOGICAL+invasions%22">BIOLOGICAL invasions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22BIOMASS+production%22">BIOMASS production</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ETHANOL+as+fuel%22">ETHANOL as fuel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22FOREST+biomass%22">FOREST biomass</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (English)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Introduction: Gorse (Ulex europaeus, family Fabaceae) is an evergreen shrub native to Europe and invasive in the Andean high-mountain tropical paramos. Objective: To quantify the extent of a biological invasion within a paramo near Los Nevados National Natural Park in Tolima, Colombia, and evaluate bioeconomic solutions to encourage shrub eradication while promoting the local economy and industry. Methods: An object-based supervised classification approach was conducted using UAS (Uncrewed Aircraft Systems)-based RGB imagery and a Planet-derived NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) layer, both from 2022, to quantify the area invaded. This value, the height obtained from a UAS-derived nDSM (Normalized Digital Surface Model), and a pair of allometric equations found in the literature were employed to estimate the gorse aboveground biomass (AGB) and aboveground available fuel, also known as fuel load. Then, documented bioethanol production estimations were applied to calculate its potential extraction based on the AGB values. Results: The invaded area was quantified to be 66 465 m2, with an overall accuracy rate of 85.3 %. Furthermore, the fuel load was found to be approximately half of the AGB, which poses a high risk of fire in the ecosystem. The findings also suggest that up to USD 88 933.7 could be generated if all gorse in the study area is exploited to produce bioethanol. Conclusions: This study underscores the urgency of managing the biological invasion of gorse in the Andean paramo and suggests the potential for bioeconomic solutions to mitigate the impact of these invasions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Spanish)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Introducción: El retamo espinoso (Ulex europaeus, familia Fabaceae) es un arbusto perenne originario de Europa e invasor en los páramos andino-tropicales de alta montaña. Objetivo: Cuantificar la extensión de una invasión biológica dentro de un páramo cerca del Parque Nacional Natural Los Nevados en Tolima, Colombia, y evaluar soluciones bioeconómicas para fomentar la erradicación del arbusto y, al mismo tiempo, promover la economía e industria locales. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo una clasificación supervisada basada en objetos utilizando imágenes RGB tomadas con UAS (sistemas de aeronaves no tripulados) y una capa NDVI (índice de vegetación de diferencia normalizada) derivada de Planet, ambas de 2022, para cuantificar el área invadida. Este valor, así como la altura obtenida a partir de un nDSM (modelo digital de superficie normalizado) derivado de las imágenes UAS y un par de ecuaciones alométricas halladas en la literatura, se emplearon para estimar la biomasa aérea (AGB) y el combustible disponible superficial, también conocido como carga de combustible. Luego, se utilizaron estimaciones documentadas de producción de bioetanol para calcular su potencial extracción con base en los valores de AGB. Resultados: El área invadida se cuantificó en 66 465 m2, con una exactitud global del 85.3 %. Además, se encontró que la carga de combustible era aproximadamente la mitad del AGB, lo que representa un alto riesgo de incendio en el ecosistema. Los resultados también sugieren que se podrían generar hasta 88 933.7 dólares estadounidenses, si se explotara todo el retamo espinoso de la zona de estudio para producir bioetanol. Conclusiones: Este estudio resalta la urgencia de gestionar la invasión biológica del retamo espinoso en el páramo andino y sugiere potenciales soluciones bioeconómicas para mitigar el impacto de estas invasiones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Revista de Biología Tropical is the property of Universidad de Costa Rica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v72i1.56364
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: NORMALIZED difference vegetation index
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: ALLOMETRIC equations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: DIGITAL elevation models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: BIOLOGICAL invasions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: BIOMASS production
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: ETHANOL as fuel
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      – SubjectFull: FOREST biomass
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Biomass and bioethanol production of the shrub Ulex europaeus (Fabaceae) estimated with remote sensing imagery in the Andean paramos.
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              M: 01
              Text: 2024
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              Y: 2024
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