Fisiología del ambiente extremo: explorando las bases biofísicas de los disbarismos y la hipoxia.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Fisiología del ambiente extremo: explorando las bases biofísicas de los disbarismos y la hipoxia.
Alternate Title:	Physiology of the External Environment Exploring the Physical Basis of Dysbarism and Hypoxia.
Authors:	Jesús Martínez-Tapia, Ricardo^1,2, Estrada-Rojo, Francisco³, Estrada-Bernal, Francisco³, Hernández-Chávez, Alejandro^1,2,4 ahchavez@facmed.unam.mx
Source:	Revista de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM. Jul/Aug2025, Vol. 68 Issue 4, p9-22. 14p.
Subjects:	DECOMPRESSION sickness, HYPOXEMIA, AERONAUTICAL flights, EXTREME environments, ATMOSPHERIC pressure, PUBLIC health, PHYSIOLOGY, BOYLE, Robert, 1627-1691
Abstract (English):	Throughout history, humans have been fascinated by the idea of flight, from Greek myths to modern aviation. While technological and economic developments have made flying a routine activity, it also poses significant challenges to the human body due to exposure to extreme environments far removed from the optimal conditions for human life. These environments can induce considerable physiological alterations, many of which present health risks. This review examines the biophysical foundations underlying decompression disorders (disbarism) and hypoxia, with a focus on their most common clinical manifestations and implications for human health. Decompression disorders, defined as conditions associated with changes in barometric pressure, are governed by the behavior of gases as described by Boyle's, Dalton's, and Henry's laws, as well as by the principles of atmospheric physics. Understanding these laws and their effects on the human body is essential for mitigating risks and ensuring the safety of both passengers and aviation technical personnel. Finally, this knowledge is not only crucial in the context of aviation but also has relevant applications in other fields, such as space exploration and activities conducted in extreme environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish):	A lo largo de la historia, los humanos han estado fascinados con la idea de volar, desde los mitos griegos hasta la aviación moderna. Si bien los desarrollos tecnológicos y económicos han hecho del vuelo una práctica cotidiana, este también conlleva importantes desafíos para el cuerpo humano debido a la exposición a ambientes extremos que se alejan de las condiciones ideales para la vida. Dichos entornos pueden generar alteraciones fisiológicas significativas, muchas de las cuales representan riesgos para la salud. Esta revisión analiza las bases biofísicas subyacentes a los disbarismos y la hipoxia, poniendo énfasis en sus manifestaciones clínicas más comunes y sus implicaciones para la salud humana. Los disbarismos, definidos como trastornos asociados a los cambios en la presión barométrica, están determinados por el comportamiento de los gases según las leyes de Boyle, Dalton y Henry, así como por los principios de la física atmosférica. Comprender estas leyes y sus efectos sobre el cuerpo humano es fundamental para mitigar riesgos y garantizar la seguridad tanto de los pasajeros como del personal técnico aeronáutico. Finalmente, este conocimiento no solo resulta esencial en el contexto de la aviación, sino que también tiene aplicaciones relevantes en otras áreas, como la exploración espacial y las actividades en ambientes extremos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	MedicLatina

Description
Abstract:	Throughout history, humans have been fascinated by the idea of flight, from Greek myths to modern aviation. While technological and economic developments have made flying a routine activity, it also poses significant challenges to the human body due to exposure to extreme environments far removed from the optimal conditions for human life. These environments can induce considerable physiological alterations, many of which present health risks. This review examines the biophysical foundations underlying decompression disorders (disbarism) and hypoxia, with a focus on their most common clinical manifestations and implications for human health. Decompression disorders, defined as conditions associated with changes in barometric pressure, are governed by the behavior of gases as described by Boyle's, Dalton's, and Henry's laws, as well as by the principles of atmospheric physics. Understanding these laws and their effects on the human body is essential for mitigating risks and ensuring the safety of both passengers and aviation technical personnel. Finally, this knowledge is not only crucial in the context of aviation but also has relevant applications in other fields, such as space exploration and activities conducted in extreme environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	00261742
DOI:	10.22201/fm.24484865e.2025.68.4.02