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Computed Tomography and Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review.

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Title: Computed Tomography and Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review.
Alternate Title: Tomografía computada y riesgo de cáncer: revisión sistemática.
Authors: Espinoza Morales, Diana Isabel1 (AUTHOR), Alvídrez Labrado, Antonio1 (AUTHOR), Zazueta Cárdenas, Araceli1 (AUTHOR), Lugo Machado, Juan Antonio2 (AUTHOR) juan.lugo.imss@gmail.com
Source: Universitas Médica. 2025, Vol. 66, p1-11. 11p.
Subjects: COMPUTED tomography, IONIZING radiation, RADIATION protection, PUBLICATION bias, CHILD patients, CRITICAL analysis, DOSE-response relationship (Radiation), DISEASE risk factors
Abstract (English): Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) is an indispensable diagnostic tool; however, its increasing use has raised concerns about the cancer risk associated with exposure to ionizing radiation. Objective: To systematically evaluate the relationship between CT exposure and cancer risk, based on methodologically sound scientific literature. Methods: An independent systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology. Databases (PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct) were searched using controlled descriptors. Selection was carried out using the Rayyan program, considering articles published between January 2000 and April 2025. Results: A total of 13 studies were selected. Overall, the evidence points to a possible association between exposure to CT and an increased risk of cancer, particularly in pediatric populations, with a pattern suggesting dose dependence. Although some studies did not reach statistical significance, the overall synthesis of data supports a trend that warrants attention, while also recognizing the presence of potential publication bias. Conclusion: Exposure to CT, particularly at younger ages, has been linked to a potential increase in cancer risk. In this context, applying the ALARA principle and ensuring the clinical justification of each study are advisable to help reduce potential long-term risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Introducción: La tomografía computarizada (TC) es una herramienta diagnóstica indispensable; sin embargo, su uso creciente ha suscitado preocupación por el riesgo de cáncer asociado a la exposición a radiación ionizante. Objetivo: Evaluar sistemáticamente la relación entre exposición a TC y riesgo de cáncer, basándose en literatura científica de alta solidez metodológica. Métodos: Revisión sistemática independiente siguiendo la metodología PRISMA. Se consultaron bases de datos (PubMed, Scopus y Science Direct) utilizando descriptores controlados. La selección se llevó a cabo mediante el programa Rayyan, considerando artículos publicados entre enero de 2000 y abril de 2025. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 13 estudios. En conjunto, la evidencia apunta a una posible asociación entre la exposición a TC y un mayor riesgo de cáncer, especialmente en población pediátrica, con un patrón que sugiere dependencia de la dosis. Aunque algunos trabajos no alcanzaron significación estadística, la síntesis global de los datos respalda una tendencia que merece atención, reconociendo además la existencia de indicios de sesgo de publicación. Conclusión: La exposición a TC, particularmente en edades tempranas, se ha vinculado con un posible aumento en el riesgo de cáncer. En este contexto, resulta recomendable aplicar el principio ALARA y asegurar la adecuada justificación clínica de cada estudio, con el fin de reducir riesgos potenciales a largo plazo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Universitas Médica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Computed Tomography and Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review.
– Name: TitleAlt
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  Data: Tomografía computada y riesgo de cáncer: revisión sistemática.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Espinoza+Morales%2C+Diana+Isabel%22">Espinoza Morales, Diana Isabel</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alvídrez+Labrado%2C+Antonio%22">Alvídrez Labrado, Antonio</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zazueta+Cárdenas%2C+Araceli%22">Zazueta Cárdenas, Araceli</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lugo+Machado%2C+Juan+Antonio%22">Lugo Machado, Juan Antonio</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> juan.lugo.imss@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Universitas+Médica%22">Universitas Médica</searchLink>. 2025, Vol. 66, p1-11. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COMPUTED+tomography%22">COMPUTED tomography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22IONIZING+radiation%22">IONIZING radiation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22RADIATION+protection%22">RADIATION protection</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PUBLICATION+bias%22">PUBLICATION bias</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CHILD+patients%22">CHILD patients</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CRITICAL+analysis%22">CRITICAL analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DOSE-response+relationship+%28Radiation%29%22">DOSE-response relationship (Radiation)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DISEASE+risk+factors%22">DISEASE risk factors</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (English)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) is an indispensable diagnostic tool; however, its increasing use has raised concerns about the cancer risk associated with exposure to ionizing radiation. Objective: To systematically evaluate the relationship between CT exposure and cancer risk, based on methodologically sound scientific literature. Methods: An independent systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology. Databases (PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct) were searched using controlled descriptors. Selection was carried out using the Rayyan program, considering articles published between January 2000 and April 2025. Results: A total of 13 studies were selected. Overall, the evidence points to a possible association between exposure to CT and an increased risk of cancer, particularly in pediatric populations, with a pattern suggesting dose dependence. Although some studies did not reach statistical significance, the overall synthesis of data supports a trend that warrants attention, while also recognizing the presence of potential publication bias. Conclusion: Exposure to CT, particularly at younger ages, has been linked to a potential increase in cancer risk. In this context, applying the ALARA principle and ensuring the clinical justification of each study are advisable to help reduce potential long-term risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Spanish)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Introducción: La tomografía computarizada (TC) es una herramienta diagnóstica indispensable; sin embargo, su uso creciente ha suscitado preocupación por el riesgo de cáncer asociado a la exposición a radiación ionizante. Objetivo: Evaluar sistemáticamente la relación entre exposición a TC y riesgo de cáncer, basándose en literatura científica de alta solidez metodológica. Métodos: Revisión sistemática independiente siguiendo la metodología PRISMA. Se consultaron bases de datos (PubMed, Scopus y Science Direct) utilizando descriptores controlados. La selección se llevó a cabo mediante el programa Rayyan, considerando artículos publicados entre enero de 2000 y abril de 2025. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 13 estudios. En conjunto, la evidencia apunta a una posible asociación entre la exposición a TC y un mayor riesgo de cáncer, especialmente en población pediátrica, con un patrón que sugiere dependencia de la dosis. Aunque algunos trabajos no alcanzaron significación estadística, la síntesis global de los datos respalda una tendencia que merece atención, reconociendo además la existencia de indicios de sesgo de publicación. Conclusión: La exposición a TC, particularmente en edades tempranas, se ha vinculado con un posible aumento en el riesgo de cáncer. En este contexto, resulta recomendable aplicar el principio ALARA y asegurar la adecuada justificación clínica de cada estudio, con el fin de reducir riesgos potenciales a largo plazo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Universitas Médica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.11144/Javeriana.umed66.ctcr
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: COMPUTED tomography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: IONIZING radiation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: RADIATION protection
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: PUBLICATION bias
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: CHILD patients
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: CRITICAL analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: DOSE-response relationship (Radiation)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: DISEASE risk factors
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Computed Tomography and Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
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          Name:
            NameFull: Espinoza Morales, Diana Isabel
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            NameFull: Alvídrez Labrado, Antonio
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Zazueta Cárdenas, Araceli
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Lugo Machado, Juan Antonio
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            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: 2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 00419095
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              Value: 66
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            – TitleFull: Universitas Médica
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