Acercamiento a la rehabilitación cognitiva en personas con discapacidad intelectual a partir del uso de programas computarizados: una revisión al concepto de discapacidad intelectual.
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| Title: | Acercamiento a la rehabilitación cognitiva en personas con discapacidad intelectual a partir del uso de programas computarizados: una revisión al concepto de discapacidad intelectual. |
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| Alternate Title: | Approach to cognitive rehabilitation in people with intellectual disabilities through the use of computerized programs: a review of the concept of intellectual disability. Abordagem à reabilitação cognitiva em pessoas com deficiência intelectual através do uso de programas computadorizados: uma revisão do conceito de deficiência intelectual. |
| Authors: | Acosta Echavarría, Álvaro Alejandro, Díaz Soto, Cecilia María |
| Source: | Revista Pensamiento Americano. Sep-Dec2025, Vol. 18 Issue 38, p1-16. 16p. |
| Subjects: | INTELLECTUAL disabilities, COGNITIVE rehabilitation, PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation, SHORT-term memory, COMPUTER software, CRITICAL analysis, EXECUTIVE function |
| Abstract (English): | Introduction: This article analyzes the evolution of the concept of intellectual disability (ID), its epidemiology, etiology, and cognitive interventions supported by computerized programs. Objective: To examine the most relevant studies on computerized cognitive rehabilitation in people with ID, highlighting findings, limitations, and future projections. Methodology: A reflective review and critical analysis of scientific literature published between 2010 and 2024 was conducted. Databases such as Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, Dialnet, and Google Scholar were consulted, applying inclusion criteria (articles in English/Spanish, empirical studies, systematic reviews, and quasi-experimental studies) and exclusion criteria (gray literature, duplicates, lack of full access). Twenty-eight articles were selected: 11 on ID, 11 on computer programs, and 6 on the etiology of ID. Results: The literature shows that computer programs favor working memory, executive functions, and adaptive behavior, although limitations persist in the duration of interventions and methodological heterogeneity. Conclusions: It is confirmed that the appropriate term is intellectual disability. Technological interventions have positive effects on learning and quality of life, but more longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to define optimal programs in terms of duration, age, and mode of application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): | Introducción: Este artículo analiza la evolución del concepto de discapacidad intelectual (DI), su epidemiología, etiología e intervenciones cognitivas apoyadas en programas computarizados. Objetivo: Examinar los estudios más relevantes sobre rehabilitación cognitiva computarizada en personas con DI, destacando hallazgos, limitaciones y proyecciones futuras. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión reflexiva y análisis crítico de literatura científica publicada entre 2010 y 2024. Se consultaron bases de datos como Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, Dialnet y Google Scholar, aplicando criterios de inclusión (artículos en inglés/español, estudios empíricos, revisiones sistemáticas y cuasi experimentales) y exclusión (literatura gris, duplicados, falta de acceso completo). Se seleccionaron 28 artículos: 11 sobre DI, 11 sobre programas computarizados y 6 sobre etiología de la DI. Resultados: La literatura muestra que los programas computarizados favorecen la memoria de trabajo, funciones ejecutivas y conducta adaptativa, aunque persisten limitaciones en la duración de las intervenciones y heterogeneidad metodológica. Conclusiones: Se confirma que el término adecuado es discapacidad intelectual. Las intervenciones tecnológicas producen efectos positivos en el aprendizaje y calidad de vida, pero se requieren más estudios longitudinales y experimentales que definan programas óptimos en duración, edad y modalidad de aplicación. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Portuguese): | Introdução: Este artigo analisa a evolução do conceito de deficiência intelectual (DI), a sua epidemiologia, etiologia e intervenções cognitivas apoiadas em programas computadorizados. Objetivo: Examinar os estudos mais relevantes sobre reabilitação cognitiva computadorizada em pessoas com DI, destacando descobertas, limitações e projeções futuras. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão reflexiva e uma análise crítica da literatura científica publicada entre 2010 e 2024. Foram consultadas bases de dados como Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, Dialnet e Google Scholar, aplicando critérios de inclusão (artigos em inglês/espanhol, estudos empíricos, revisões sistemáticas e quase experimentais) e exclusão (literatura cinzenta, duplicados, falta de acesso completo). Foram selecionados 28 artigos: 11 sobre DI, 11 sobre programas computadorizados e 6 sobre a etiologia da DI. Resultados: A literatura mostra que os programas computadorizados favorecem a memória de trabalho, as funções executivas e o comportamento adaptativo, embora persistam limitações na duração das intervenções e na heterogeneidade metodológica. Conclusões: Confirma-se que o termo adequado é deficiência intelectual. As intervenções tecnológicas produzem efeitos positivos na aprendizagem e na qualidade de vida, mas são necessários mais estudos longitudinais e experimentais que definam programas ótimos em termos de duração, idade e modalidade de aplicação. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | MedicLatina |
| Abstract: | Introduction: This article analyzes the evolution of the concept of intellectual disability (ID), its epidemiology, etiology, and cognitive interventions supported by computerized programs. Objective: To examine the most relevant studies on computerized cognitive rehabilitation in people with ID, highlighting findings, limitations, and future projections. Methodology: A reflective review and critical analysis of scientific literature published between 2010 and 2024 was conducted. Databases such as Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, Dialnet, and Google Scholar were consulted, applying inclusion criteria (articles in English/Spanish, empirical studies, systematic reviews, and quasi-experimental studies) and exclusion criteria (gray literature, duplicates, lack of full access). Twenty-eight articles were selected: 11 on ID, 11 on computer programs, and 6 on the etiology of ID. Results: The literature shows that computer programs favor working memory, executive functions, and adaptive behavior, although limitations persist in the duration of interventions and methodological heterogeneity. Conclusions: It is confirmed that the appropriate term is intellectual disability. Technological interventions have positive effects on learning and quality of life, but more longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to define optimal programs in terms of duration, age, and mode of application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 20272448 |
| DOI: | 10.21803/penamer.18.38.914 |
