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Infecciones vulvovaginales comunes en el primer nivel de atención: vaginosis bacteriana, candidiasis y tricomoniasis.

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Title: Infecciones vulvovaginales comunes en el primer nivel de atención: vaginosis bacteriana, candidiasis y tricomoniasis.
Alternate Title: Common Vulvovaginal Infections in Primary Care: Bacterial Vaginosis, Candidiasis, and Trichomoniasis.
Authors: Sánchez-Vega, José Trinidad1, Morales-Galicia, Arnulfo Eduardo1,2 moralesgaliciaarnulfoeduardo@gmail.com, Sánchez-Suir, Dana Karina2, Sánchez-Aguilar, José Hernán1,3, González-Vences, José Enrique2, González-Aguirre, Diego2, Hernández-Larrainzar, Marco Antonio4, de Villa-Hidalgo, Marzio Gustavo2, Vega-Zavala, Aldair Omar5, Figueroa-Fernández, Luis Alberto2, Rincón-Sánchez, Mariana Nytzyne6, Ortiz-Pinzón, Brisa Yeretzi7, Vázquez-Cervantes, Ashley Georgina4
Source: Revista de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM. mar/abr2026, Vol. 69 Issue 2, p9-22. 14p.
Subjects: BACTERIAL vaginitis, VULVOVAGINAL candidiasis, THERAPEUTICS, TRICHOMONIASIS, PRIMARY care, DIAGNOSIS, DISEASE complications, VAGINAL diseases
Abstract (English): Vaginal infections are among the most prevalent conditions affecting women of all ages, particularly those of reproductive age and pregnant women. As a result, they constitute one of the most common reasons for gynecological consultations in primary care. This article reviews the main infectious etiologies--Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp., and Trichomonas vaginalis--addressing their microbiological characteristics, epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, and treatment. Bacterial vaginosis, primarily caused by G. vaginalis, represents a disruption of the vaginal microbiota, whereas vulvovaginal candidiasis and trichomoniasis result from fungal and protozoal infections, respectively. Given the similarities in clinical presentation, this review highlights the importance of a thorough evaluation to differentiate between these etiologies. It also discusses updated therapeutic recommendations, including the most effective treatment regimens. Furthermore, the potential complications in both pregnant and non-pregnant women are analyzed, emphasizing the need for appropriate management to minimize the impact on reproductive health. This review aims to provide general practitioners with a comprehensive and up-to-date guide for the diagnosis and management of vaginal infections, ultimately improving the quality of medical care and patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Las infecciones vaginales son unas de las patologías prevalentes que afectan a mujeres de todas las edades, principalmente en edad reproductiva y embarazadas, por lo que son una de las causas más comunes de consulta ginecológica en atención primaria. Este artículo revisa las principales etiologías infecciosas: Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp. y Trichomonas vaginalis, abordando sus características microbiológicas, epidemiología, fisiopatología, factores de riesgo, manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico, diagnóstico diferencial, complicaciones y tratamiento. La vaginosis bacteriana, causada principalmente por G. vaginalis, representa un desequilibrio en la microbiota vaginal, mientras que la candidiasis vulvovaginal y la tricomoniasis son resultado de infecciones por hongos y protozoos, respectivamente. Se resalta la importancia de una evaluación adecuada para diferenciar entre estas etiologías, dada la similitud en la presentación clínica, y se discuten las recomendaciones terapéuticas actualizadas, incluyendo las dosis de los tratamientos más eficaces. Además, se analizan las complicaciones potenciales en mujeres embarazadas y no embarazadas, subrayando la necesidad de un manejo adecuado para minimizar el impacto en la salud reproductiva. Esta revisión busca proporcionar a los médicos generales una guía comprensiva y actualizada para el diagnóstico y manejo, mejorando así la calidad de la atención médica y los resultados en pacientes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM is the property of UNAM, Facultad de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: MedicLatina
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  Data: Infecciones vulvovaginales comunes en el primer nivel de atención: vaginosis bacteriana, candidiasis y tricomoniasis.
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  Label: Alternate Title
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  Data: Common Vulvovaginal Infections in Primary Care: Bacterial Vaginosis, Candidiasis, and Trichomoniasis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sánchez-Vega%2C+José+Trinidad%22">Sánchez-Vega, José Trinidad</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Morales-Galicia%2C+Arnulfo+Eduardo%22">Morales-Galicia, Arnulfo Eduardo</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> moralesgaliciaarnulfoeduardo@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sánchez-Suir%2C+Dana+Karina%22">Sánchez-Suir, Dana Karina</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sánchez-Aguilar%2C+José+Hernán%22">Sánchez-Aguilar, José Hernán</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22González-Vences%2C+José+Enrique%22">González-Vences, José Enrique</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22González-Aguirre%2C+Diego%22">González-Aguirre, Diego</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hernández-Larrainzar%2C+Marco+Antonio%22">Hernández-Larrainzar, Marco Antonio</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Villa-Hidalgo%2C+Marzio+Gustavo%22">de Villa-Hidalgo, Marzio Gustavo</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vega-Zavala%2C+Aldair+Omar%22">Vega-Zavala, Aldair Omar</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Figueroa-Fernández%2C+Luis+Alberto%22">Figueroa-Fernández, Luis Alberto</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rincón-Sánchez%2C+Mariana+Nytzyne%22">Rincón-Sánchez, Mariana Nytzyne</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ortiz-Pinzón%2C+Brisa+Yeretzi%22">Ortiz-Pinzón, Brisa Yeretzi</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vázquez-Cervantes%2C+Ashley+Georgina%22">Vázquez-Cervantes, Ashley Georgina</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Revista+de+la+Facultad+de+Medicina+de+la+UNAM%22">Revista de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM</searchLink>. mar/abr2026, Vol. 69 Issue 2, p9-22. 14p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22BACTERIAL+vaginitis%22">BACTERIAL vaginitis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22VULVOVAGINAL+candidiasis%22">VULVOVAGINAL candidiasis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22THERAPEUTICS%22">THERAPEUTICS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22TRICHOMONIASIS%22">TRICHOMONIASIS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PRIMARY+care%22">PRIMARY care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DIAGNOSIS%22">DIAGNOSIS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DISEASE+complications%22">DISEASE complications</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22VAGINAL+diseases%22">VAGINAL diseases</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (English)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Vaginal infections are among the most prevalent conditions affecting women of all ages, particularly those of reproductive age and pregnant women. As a result, they constitute one of the most common reasons for gynecological consultations in primary care. This article reviews the main infectious etiologies--Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp., and Trichomonas vaginalis--addressing their microbiological characteristics, epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications, and treatment. Bacterial vaginosis, primarily caused by G. vaginalis, represents a disruption of the vaginal microbiota, whereas vulvovaginal candidiasis and trichomoniasis result from fungal and protozoal infections, respectively. Given the similarities in clinical presentation, this review highlights the importance of a thorough evaluation to differentiate between these etiologies. It also discusses updated therapeutic recommendations, including the most effective treatment regimens. Furthermore, the potential complications in both pregnant and non-pregnant women are analyzed, emphasizing the need for appropriate management to minimize the impact on reproductive health. This review aims to provide general practitioners with a comprehensive and up-to-date guide for the diagnosis and management of vaginal infections, ultimately improving the quality of medical care and patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Spanish)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Las infecciones vaginales son unas de las patologías prevalentes que afectan a mujeres de todas las edades, principalmente en edad reproductiva y embarazadas, por lo que son una de las causas más comunes de consulta ginecológica en atención primaria. Este artículo revisa las principales etiologías infecciosas: Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida spp. y Trichomonas vaginalis, abordando sus características microbiológicas, epidemiología, fisiopatología, factores de riesgo, manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico, diagnóstico diferencial, complicaciones y tratamiento. La vaginosis bacteriana, causada principalmente por G. vaginalis, representa un desequilibrio en la microbiota vaginal, mientras que la candidiasis vulvovaginal y la tricomoniasis son resultado de infecciones por hongos y protozoos, respectivamente. Se resalta la importancia de una evaluación adecuada para diferenciar entre estas etiologías, dada la similitud en la presentación clínica, y se discuten las recomendaciones terapéuticas actualizadas, incluyendo las dosis de los tratamientos más eficaces. Además, se analizan las complicaciones potenciales en mujeres embarazadas y no embarazadas, subrayando la necesidad de un manejo adecuado para minimizar el impacto en la salud reproductiva. Esta revisión busca proporcionar a los médicos generales una guía comprensiva y actualizada para el diagnóstico y manejo, mejorando así la calidad de la atención médica y los resultados en pacientes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM is the property of UNAM, Facultad de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=lth&AN=192610027
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