Global Burden of Disease Study based analysis on hypertension attributable chronic kidney disease: Disease burden and Quality of Care Index across countries, regions, and globally, 1990–2021.

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Title: Global Burden of Disease Study based analysis on hypertension attributable chronic kidney disease: Disease burden and Quality of Care Index across countries, regions, and globally, 1990–2021.
Alternate Title: Análisis basado en el estudio Global Burden of Disease sobre la enfermedad renal crónica atribuible a hipertensión: carga de la enfermedad y Quality of Care Index entre países, regiones y a nivel global, de 1990 a 2021.
Authors: Shi, Wenjie1, Zhou, Yan1, Wei, Qiaolan1, Wu, Jiajia1, Zhu, Chunqin2 cccqzchunqinzhu@163.com
Source: Nefrologia. May2026, Vol. 46 Issue 5, p1-9. 9p.
Subjects: CHRONIC kidney failure, GLOBAL burden of disease, HOSPITAL care quality, SOCIOECONOMIC status, WORLD health, EPIDEMIOLOGY, HEALTH equity, HYPERTENSION
Abstract (English): Background: As populations age and hypertension prevalence rises, the burden of hypertension-attributable chronic kidney disease (CKD) keeps aggregating and varies across regions. A systematic assessment of how disease burden and care quality change over time becomes a prerequisite for sound prevention and control policies. Objective: To describe temporal changes and geographical distributions of hypertension-attributable CKD’s burden and quality of care across countries, regions, and globally from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Temporal trends in disease burden and Quality of Care Index (QCI) were analyzed using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Spearman correlation analysis and cross-national inequality analysis were conducted to explore QCI health inequality related to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Results: From 1990 to 2021, global age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of hypertension attributable CKD increased by 22.30% and 29.21%, respectively. Age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDR) reached 128.41 per 100,000, up 19.15% over 31 years, whereas the QCI declined. Men had higher ASDR and QCI than women. SDI was negatively correlated with ASDR and positively correlated with QCI. Global health inequalities persisted: low-SDIregions(e.g.,sub-Saharan Africa) faced heavier burdens and poorer care quality, whereas high-SDI regions such as Eastern Europe and High-income Asia Pacific displayed lower ASDR and higher QCI, indicating better disease management. Conclusions: Global burden of hypertension-attributable CKD continues to rise while care quality declines, with low-SDI countries facing the greatest challenges. Enhanced hypertension prevention, improved CKD management, equitable resource allocation, and global health equity initiatives, with a focus on improving global quality of care, are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Antecedentes A medida que envejecen las poblaciones, y se incrementa la prevalencia de la hipertensión, se sigue agregando la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) atribuible a la hipertensión, que varía entre las regiones. La evaluación sistemática del modo en cambian a lo largo del tiempo la carga de la enfermedad y la calidad de la atención se convierte en un requisito previo para la prevención sólida y las políticas de control. Objetivo Describir los cambios temporales y las distribuciones geográficas de la carga y de la calidad de la atención de la ERC atribuible a la hipertensión en los diferentes países, regiones y a nivel global de 1990 a 2021. Métodos Los datos se obtuvieron del estudio Global Burden of Disease-Carga global de la enfermedad-de 2021. Se analizaron las tendencias temporales de la carga de la enfermedad y QCI (Quality of Care Index – Índice de calidad de la atención) utilizando el cambio porcentual anual estimado (EAPC). Se realizó el análisis de correlación de Spearman y el análisis de desigualdad transnacional para explorar la desigualdad de la salud del QCI relacionada con el SDI (Socio-demographic Index – Índice sociodemográfico). Resultados De 1990 a 2021, la incidencia global estandarizada a la edad y las tasas de mortalidad de ERC atribuible a la hipertensión se incrementaron en un 22,3% y un 29,21%, respectivamente. La tasa de discapacidad estandarizada ASDR), ajustada por años de vida, alcanzó un valor de 128,41 por 100.000 hasta llegar al 19,15% a lo largo de 31 años, mientras que se redujo el QCI. Los hombres tuvieron mayor ASDR y QCI que las mujeres. El SDI se correlacionó negativamente con ASDR y positivamente con QCI. Persistieron las desigualdades globales de salud: las regiones con bajo SDI (ej.: África subsahariana) se enfrentaron a mayores cargas y menor calidad de la atención, mientras que las regiones con alto SDI tales como Europa oriental y la región de Ásia Pacífico de renta alta reflejaron menor ASDR y mayor QCI, lo cual es indicativo de una mejor gestión de la enfermedad. Conclusiones La carga global de ERC atribuible a la hipertensión sigue ascendiendo, mientras se reduce la calidad de la atención, enfrentándose los países con bajo SDI a los mayores retos. Se requiere potenciar la prevención de la hipertensión, mejorar la gestión de la ERC, asignar recursos equitativos e introducir iniciativas globales de equidad sanitaria, centradas en la mejora de la calidad global de la atención. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: MedicLatina
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Abstract:Background: As populations age and hypertension prevalence rises, the burden of hypertension-attributable chronic kidney disease (CKD) keeps aggregating and varies across regions. A systematic assessment of how disease burden and care quality change over time becomes a prerequisite for sound prevention and control policies. Objective: To describe temporal changes and geographical distributions of hypertension-attributable CKD’s burden and quality of care across countries, regions, and globally from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Temporal trends in disease burden and Quality of Care Index (QCI) were analyzed using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Spearman correlation analysis and cross-national inequality analysis were conducted to explore QCI health inequality related to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Results: From 1990 to 2021, global age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of hypertension attributable CKD increased by 22.30% and 29.21%, respectively. Age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDR) reached 128.41 per 100,000, up 19.15% over 31 years, whereas the QCI declined. Men had higher ASDR and QCI than women. SDI was negatively correlated with ASDR and positively correlated with QCI. Global health inequalities persisted: low-SDIregions(e.g.,sub-Saharan Africa) faced heavier burdens and poorer care quality, whereas high-SDI regions such as Eastern Europe and High-income Asia Pacific displayed lower ASDR and higher QCI, indicating better disease management. Conclusions: Global burden of hypertension-attributable CKD continues to rise while care quality declines, with low-SDI countries facing the greatest challenges. Enhanced hypertension prevention, improved CKD management, equitable resource allocation, and global health equity initiatives, with a focus on improving global quality of care, are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:02116995
DOI:10.1016/j.nefro.2026.501493