New variant in PLP1 gene associated with X-linked spastic paraplegia type 2: First report of a family in Colombia.

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Bibliographic Details
Title: New variant in PLP1 gene associated with X-linked spastic paraplegia type 2: First report of a family in Colombia.
Alternate Title: Nueva variante del gen PLP1 asociada a paraplejia espástica de tipo 2, ligada a X: primer reporte de una familia en Colombia.
Authors: Laverde-Sudupe, Nicolás1 nicolaslaverdesudupe@javerianacali.edu.co, Giraldo-Serna, Ángela Lizeth1, Ramírez-Montaño, Diana2,3, Ramírez-Cheyne, Julián2, Saldarriaga-Gil, Wilmar2
Source: Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud. jun2026, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p203-210. 8p.
Subjects: FAMILIAL spastic paraplegia, GENETIC mutation, RELATIVES, MUSCLE weakness, LEUKODYSTROPHY, GENES
Geographic Terms: COLOMBIA
Abstract (English): Hereditary spastic paraplegias are genetic disorders characterized by spasticity in the lower limbs, weakness, and sensory disturbances. Global prevalence ranges from 1.27 to 9.6 per 100 000 individuals. Mutations in the PLP1 gene cause various X-linked hereditary spastic paraplegias phenotypes, including Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease and spastic paraplegia type 2. A 53-year-old male presented with chronic lower limb weakness since childhood, requiring a wheelchair at age 47 and exhibiting zero strength in the lower limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed periventricular leukodystrophy; similar symptoms were found in maternal uncles and a nephew. The 32-year-old nephew had gait difficulties. A genetic sequencing panel identified a hemizygous variant of uncertain significance in the PLP1 gene [c.197A>T (p.His66Leu)] in both, not reported in population genetic databases. X-linked spastic paraplegia 2 is a disease primarily affecting gait and causing lower limb weakness. Reports indicate that it may also include cognitive impairment, nystagmus, and ataxia, although in the studied family, weakness predominated without cerebellar symptoms. Thirty-six families with this condition have been documented worldwide, with cases of asymptomatic carrier females. The c.197A>T (p.His66Leu) variant in the PLP1 gene, identified in this case, is novel and, despite being classified as "of uncertain significance", could be pathogenic according to bioinformatic predictors, explaining the spastic paraplegia 2 presentation in this family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Las paraplejias espásticas hereditarias son trastornos genéticos que se caracterizan por espasticidad de los miembros inferiores, debilidad y alteración de la sensibilidad. Su prevalencia global varía entre 1,27 y 9,6 por cada 100 000 personas. Las mutaciones del gen que codifica para la proteína proteolipídica provocan diferentes fenotipos de paraplejias espásticas hereditarias ligadas a X, incluyendo la enfermedad de Pelizaeus y la paraplejia espástica hereditaria de tipo 2. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 53 años con debilidad crónica de los miembros inferiores desde la infancia, requirió silla de ruedas a los 47 años y tenía fuerza nula de los miembros inferiores. En la resonancia magnética se observó leucoencefalopatía periventricular. Se encontraron síntomas similares en los tíos maternos y en un sobrino. El sobrino, de 32 años, tenía dificultades en la marcha. Un panel genético de secuenciación identificó una variante hemicigota de significado clínico incierto en el gen PLP1 (c.197A>T (p.His66Leu)) tanto en el paciente como en el sobrino, no reportada en las bases genéticas de datos poblacionales. La paraplejia espástica hereditaria de tipo 2, ligada a X, es una enfermedad que causa debilidad de los miembros inferiores. Los reportes señalan que esta enfermedad también puede incluir alteración cognitiva, nistagmo y ataxia, aunque en la familia estudiada predominó la debilidad sin síntomas cerebelosos. A nivel mundial, se han documentado 36 familias con esta condición, con casos de mujeres portadoras asintomáticas. La mutación c.197A>T (p.His66Leu) del gen PLP1, identificada en este caso, es nueva y, aunque está clasificada como «de significado incierto», podría ser patogénica –según los predictores bioinformáticos–, explicando la presentación de la paraplejia espástica hereditaria de tipo 2 en esta familia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: MedicLatina
Description
Abstract:Hereditary spastic paraplegias are genetic disorders characterized by spasticity in the lower limbs, weakness, and sensory disturbances. Global prevalence ranges from 1.27 to 9.6 per 100 000 individuals. Mutations in the PLP1 gene cause various X-linked hereditary spastic paraplegias phenotypes, including Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease and spastic paraplegia type 2. A 53-year-old male presented with chronic lower limb weakness since childhood, requiring a wheelchair at age 47 and exhibiting zero strength in the lower limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed periventricular leukodystrophy; similar symptoms were found in maternal uncles and a nephew. The 32-year-old nephew had gait difficulties. A genetic sequencing panel identified a hemizygous variant of uncertain significance in the PLP1 gene [c.197A>T (p.His66Leu)] in both, not reported in population genetic databases. X-linked spastic paraplegia 2 is a disease primarily affecting gait and causing lower limb weakness. Reports indicate that it may also include cognitive impairment, nystagmus, and ataxia, although in the studied family, weakness predominated without cerebellar symptoms. Thirty-six families with this condition have been documented worldwide, with cases of asymptomatic carrier females. The c.197A>T (p.His66Leu) variant in the PLP1 gene, identified in this case, is novel and, despite being classified as "of uncertain significance", could be pathogenic according to bioinformatic predictors, explaining the spastic paraplegia 2 presentation in this family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:01204157
DOI:10.7705/biomedica.7733