Microbiota de las vías respiratorias: conceptos fundamentales y su papel en las enfermedades alérgicas.
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| Title: | Microbiota de las vías respiratorias: conceptos fundamentales y su papel en las enfermedades alérgicas. |
|---|---|
| Alternate Title: | Airway microbiota: Fundamental concepts and its role in allergic diseases. |
| Authors: | De la Torre González, Carlos1, Del Río-Navarro, Blanca Estela2, Reyes-Noriega, Nayely3 naye.rey.nor@gmail.com, Troncoso Medrano, Paula Camila4, Varela Arenas, Brenda Itzel3, Zepeda Gutiérrez, Perla3 |
| Source: | Anales de Otorrinolaringología Mexicana. abr-jun2026, Vol. 71 Issue 2, p125-144. 20p. |
| Subjects: | Allergic rhinitis, Asthma, Nasopharynx microbiology, Microbial communities, Allergies, Microbial diversity, Immunoregulation |
| Abstract (English): | BACKGROUND: The nasopharyngeal microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining the immunological balance of the upper respiratory tract. Its composition varies according to anatomical location, age, environmental factors, the presence of respiratory diseases, and the administration of medications such as antibiotics. Alterations in this microbial ecosystem lead to dysbiosis, characterized by decreased microbial diversity, a reduction in immunomodulatory bacteria such as Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum, and an increase in pro-inflammatory pathobionts like Moraxella, Haemophilus, and Streptococcus. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the structure, composition, and development of the airway microbiota, to identify the factors influencing its variability, and to assess its role in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis and asthma. This study places particular emphasis on the pediatric population and investigates the impact of intranasal therapies on the microbial ecosystem. METHODOLOGY: A narrative review of scientific bibliography published in the last 20 years (2005-2025), with emphasis on studies of the last five years. The bibliographic search was done in the databases PubMed- MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar, with the following terms MeSH: nasopharyngeal, microbiota, airway, allergic rhinitis, asthma, dysbiosis and respiratory tract, combined by boolean operators AND and OR. RESULTS: Research suggests that early-stage nasopharyngeal dysbiosis is associated with an increased risk and severity of allergic rhinitis, asthma, and recurrent respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Investigating the composition, evolution, and influencing factors of the airway microbiota enhances understanding of the mechanisms underlying allergic diseases. This knowledge aids in the development of future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies focused on microbial regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): | ANTECEDENTES: La microbiota nasofaríngea desempeña una función fundamental en la homeostasia inmunológica de la vía aérea superior. La composición tiene variaciones en función de la región anatómica, la edad, los factores ambientales, la coexistencia de infecciones respiratorias y la administración de medicamentos. La alteración de este ecosistema provoca disbiosis, que se caracteriza por una disminución en la diversidad microbiana, la pérdida de bacterias inmunomoduladoras, como Corynebacterium y Dolosigranulum, y un incremento de patobiontes proinflamatorios, que incluyen Moraxella, Haemophilus y Streptococcus. OBJETIVOS: Analizar la estructura, composición y desarrollo de la microbiota de las vías respiratorias, identificar los factores que influyen en su variabilidad y evaluar su papel en la fisiopatología de las enfermedades alérgicas, como la rinitis alérgica y el asma. Este estudio se centra, especialmente, en la población pediátrica e investiga el efecto de la terapia intranasal en el ecosistema microbiano. METODOLOGÍA: Revisión narrativa de la bibliografía científica publicada en los últimos 20 años (2005-2025), con insistencia en estudios de los últimos cinco años. La búsqueda bibliográfica se hizo en las bases de datos PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus y Google Scholar, con los siguientes términos MeSH: nasopharyngeal, microbiota, airway, allergic rhinitis, asthma, dysbiosis y respiratory tract, combinados mediante operadores booleanos AND y OR. RESULTADOS: La evidencia sugiere que la disbiosis nasofaríngea en etapas tempranas se correlaciona con un incremento en el riesgo y la severidad de la rinitis alérgica, el asma y la manifestación de síntomas respiratorios recurrentes. CONCLUSIONES: El análisis de la estructura, el desarrollo y los determinantes de la microbiota de la vía aérea facilita una comprensión más profunda de los mecanismos subyacentes a la enfermedad alérgica. Este conocimiento, a su vez, posibilita el diseño de futuras estrategias diagnósticas y terapéuticas fundamentadas en la modulación microbiana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Anales de Otorrinolaringología Mexicana is the property of Sociedad Mexicana de Otorrinolaringologia y Cirugia de Cabeza y Cuello and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | MedicLatina |
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| Header | DbId: lth DbLabel: MedicLatina An: 194762667 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Microbiota de las vías respiratorias: conceptos fundamentales y su papel en las enfermedades alérgicas. – Name: TitleAlt Label: Alternate Title Group: TiAlt Data: Airway microbiota: Fundamental concepts and its role in allergic diseases. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22De+la+Torre+González%2C+Carlos%22">De la Torre González, Carlos</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Del+Río-Navarro%2C+Blanca+Estela%22">Del Río-Navarro, Blanca Estela</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Reyes-Noriega%2C+Nayely%22">Reyes-Noriega, Nayely</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> naye.rey.nor@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Troncoso+Medrano%2C+Paula+Camila%22">Troncoso Medrano, Paula Camila</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Varela+Arenas%2C+Brenda+Itzel%22">Varela Arenas, Brenda Itzel</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zepeda+Gutiérrez%2C+Perla%22">Zepeda Gutiérrez, Perla</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Anales+de+Otorrinolaringología+Mexicana%22">Anales de Otorrinolaringología Mexicana</searchLink>. abr-jun2026, Vol. 71 Issue 2, p125-144. 20p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Allergic+rhinitis%22">Allergic rhinitis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Asthma%22">Asthma</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nasopharynx+microbiology%22">Nasopharynx microbiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microbial+communities%22">Microbial communities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Allergies%22">Allergies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microbial+diversity%22">Microbial diversity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Immunoregulation%22">Immunoregulation</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract (English) Group: Ab Data: BACKGROUND: The nasopharyngeal microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining the immunological balance of the upper respiratory tract. Its composition varies according to anatomical location, age, environmental factors, the presence of respiratory diseases, and the administration of medications such as antibiotics. Alterations in this microbial ecosystem lead to dysbiosis, characterized by decreased microbial diversity, a reduction in immunomodulatory bacteria such as Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum, and an increase in pro-inflammatory pathobionts like Moraxella, Haemophilus, and Streptococcus. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the structure, composition, and development of the airway microbiota, to identify the factors influencing its variability, and to assess its role in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis and asthma. This study places particular emphasis on the pediatric population and investigates the impact of intranasal therapies on the microbial ecosystem. METHODOLOGY: A narrative review of scientific bibliography published in the last 20 years (2005-2025), with emphasis on studies of the last five years. The bibliographic search was done in the databases PubMed- MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar, with the following terms MeSH: nasopharyngeal, microbiota, airway, allergic rhinitis, asthma, dysbiosis and respiratory tract, combined by boolean operators AND and OR. RESULTS: Research suggests that early-stage nasopharyngeal dysbiosis is associated with an increased risk and severity of allergic rhinitis, asthma, and recurrent respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Investigating the composition, evolution, and influencing factors of the airway microbiota enhances understanding of the mechanisms underlying allergic diseases. This knowledge aids in the development of future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies focused on microbial regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract (Spanish) Group: Ab Data: ANTECEDENTES: La microbiota nasofaríngea desempeña una función fundamental en la homeostasia inmunológica de la vía aérea superior. La composición tiene variaciones en función de la región anatómica, la edad, los factores ambientales, la coexistencia de infecciones respiratorias y la administración de medicamentos. La alteración de este ecosistema provoca disbiosis, que se caracteriza por una disminución en la diversidad microbiana, la pérdida de bacterias inmunomoduladoras, como Corynebacterium y Dolosigranulum, y un incremento de patobiontes proinflamatorios, que incluyen Moraxella, Haemophilus y Streptococcus. OBJETIVOS: Analizar la estructura, composición y desarrollo de la microbiota de las vías respiratorias, identificar los factores que influyen en su variabilidad y evaluar su papel en la fisiopatología de las enfermedades alérgicas, como la rinitis alérgica y el asma. Este estudio se centra, especialmente, en la población pediátrica e investiga el efecto de la terapia intranasal en el ecosistema microbiano. METODOLOGÍA: Revisión narrativa de la bibliografía científica publicada en los últimos 20 años (2005-2025), con insistencia en estudios de los últimos cinco años. La búsqueda bibliográfica se hizo en las bases de datos PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus y Google Scholar, con los siguientes términos MeSH: nasopharyngeal, microbiota, airway, allergic rhinitis, asthma, dysbiosis y respiratory tract, combinados mediante operadores booleanos AND y OR. RESULTADOS: La evidencia sugiere que la disbiosis nasofaríngea en etapas tempranas se correlaciona con un incremento en el riesgo y la severidad de la rinitis alérgica, el asma y la manifestación de síntomas respiratorios recurrentes. CONCLUSIONES: El análisis de la estructura, el desarrollo y los determinantes de la microbiota de la vía aérea facilita una comprensión más profunda de los mecanismos subyacentes a la enfermedad alérgica. Este conocimiento, a su vez, posibilita el diseño de futuras estrategias diagnósticas y terapéuticas fundamentadas en la modulación microbiana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Anales de Otorrinolaringología Mexicana is the property of Sociedad Mexicana de Otorrinolaringologia y Cirugia de Cabeza y Cuello and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.24245/aorl.v71i2.10914 Languages: – Code: spa Text: Spanish PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 20 StartPage: 125 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Allergic rhinitis Type: general – SubjectFull: Asthma Type: general – SubjectFull: Nasopharynx microbiology Type: general – SubjectFull: Microbial communities Type: general – SubjectFull: Allergies Type: general – SubjectFull: Microbial diversity Type: general – SubjectFull: Immunoregulation Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Microbiota de las vías respiratorias: conceptos fundamentales y su papel en las enfermedades alérgicas. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: De la Torre González, Carlos – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Del Río-Navarro, Blanca Estela – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Reyes-Noriega, Nayely – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Troncoso Medrano, Paula Camila – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Varela Arenas, Brenda Itzel – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zepeda Gutiérrez, Perla IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 04 Text: abr-jun2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 16655672 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 71 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Anales de Otorrinolaringología Mexicana Type: main |
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