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TRATADOS COMERCIALES Y ACCESO A MEDICAMENTOS EN EL PERÚ.

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Title: TRATADOS COMERCIALES Y ACCESO A MEDICAMENTOS EN EL PERÚ.
Alternate Title: TRADE AGREEMENTS AND ACCESS TO DRUGS IN PERU.
Authors: Llamoza, Javier1 javierllamoza@aislac.org
Source: Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública. 2009, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p530-536. 7p.
Subjects: FREE trade, DRUG accessibility, INTELLECTUAL property, PHARMACEUTICAL industry, GENERIC drugs, EUROPEAN Union
Geographic Terms: UNITED States, PERU
Abstract (English): Through Free Trade Agreements, the economies of the United States of America (USA) and the European Union (EU) have been achieving a higher standard of protection of the intellectual property rights. This increases unduly the monopolist rights of the industry, restricting competition and limiting the access of new generic drugs. Peru has not been the exception to this process, subscribing a free trade agreement with the USA called Agreement of Commercial Promotion (APC) that involved the chapter of intellectual property, and in the same line, is now negotiating a second commercial agreement with the EU. In both cases, the presented proposals have been harmful for drug access, expressed in the clauses of the Aspects of Intellectual Property Related to the Commerce (ADPIC Plus). For some experts, there are certain complementarities between the goals of USA and those of the EU, while the first gets to increase the substantive standards such as the protection of testing data (achieved in the APC), the EU would strengthen the monitoring, thus ensuring the application of the obligations that have been acquired. This would result in a climbing of the pharmaceutical industry due to the widening of the intellectual property protection rights. The Peruvian State must guarantee the access to drugs through public policies that promote competition, ensuring the introduction of generics to the market. For this, it is necessary to prevent new obligations that attempt against access to these, by refusing new mechanisms of protection of the intellectual property rights in the free trade agreements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): A través de los tratados de libre comercio las economías de Estados Unidos de Norteamérica (EEUU) y la Unión Europea (UE) vienen consiguiendo un estándar más elevado de protección de los derechos de propiedad intelectual que amplían indebidamente los derechos monopólicos de la gran industria farmacéutica, restringiendo la competencia y limitando el acceso a nuevos medicamentos genéricos. El Perú no ha sido ajeno a este proceso, suscribiendo un tratado de libre comercio con EEUU denominado Acuerdo de Promoción Comercial (APC) que involucró el capítulo de propiedad intelectual, así mismo, está negociando un segundo tratado comercial con la UE. En ambos casos las propuestas presentadas han sido lesivas para el acceso a medicamentos, expresadas en cláusulas de Aspectos de Propiedad Intelectual Relacionados con el Comercio Plus (ADPIC Plus). Para algunos analistas, existe cierta complementariedad entre las pretensiones de EEUU y la UE, mientras que el primero consigue aumentar los estándares sustantivos como la protección de datos de prueba (conseguido en el APC), la UE conseguiría fortalecer la observancia asegurando la aplicación de las obligaciones contraídas. Esto resultaría en una escalada de la industria farmacéutica por ampliar los derechos de protección de la propiedad intelectual. El Estado Peruano debe asegurar el acceso a medicamentos a través de políticas públicas que promuevan la competencia asegurando la introducción de genéricos al mercado. Para ello, es necesario prevenir nuevas obligaciones que atenten contra el acceso a éstos, no aceptando nuevos mecanismos de protección de los derechos de propiedad intelectual dentro de los tratados de libre comercio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud (Peru) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: MedicLatina
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  Data: TRATADOS COMERCIALES Y ACCESO A MEDICAMENTOS EN EL PERÚ.
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  Data: TRADE AGREEMENTS AND ACCESS TO DRUGS IN PERU.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Llamoza%2C+Javier%22">Llamoza, Javier</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> javierllamoza@aislac.org</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22FREE+trade%22">FREE trade</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DRUG+accessibility%22">DRUG accessibility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22INTELLECTUAL+property%22">INTELLECTUAL property</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PHARMACEUTICAL+industry%22">PHARMACEUTICAL industry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22GENERIC+drugs%22">GENERIC drugs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22EUROPEAN+Union%22">EUROPEAN Union</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22UNITED+States%22">UNITED States</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PERU%22">PERU</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (English)
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  Data: Through Free Trade Agreements, the economies of the United States of America (USA) and the European Union (EU) have been achieving a higher standard of protection of the intellectual property rights. This increases unduly the monopolist rights of the industry, restricting competition and limiting the access of new generic drugs. Peru has not been the exception to this process, subscribing a free trade agreement with the USA called Agreement of Commercial Promotion (APC) that involved the chapter of intellectual property, and in the same line, is now negotiating a second commercial agreement with the EU. In both cases, the presented proposals have been harmful for drug access, expressed in the clauses of the Aspects of Intellectual Property Related to the Commerce (ADPIC Plus). For some experts, there are certain complementarities between the goals of USA and those of the EU, while the first gets to increase the substantive standards such as the protection of testing data (achieved in the APC), the EU would strengthen the monitoring, thus ensuring the application of the obligations that have been acquired. This would result in a climbing of the pharmaceutical industry due to the widening of the intellectual property protection rights. The Peruvian State must guarantee the access to drugs through public policies that promote competition, ensuring the introduction of generics to the market. For this, it is necessary to prevent new obligations that attempt against access to these, by refusing new mechanisms of protection of the intellectual property rights in the free trade agreements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Spanish)
  Group: Ab
  Data: A través de los tratados de libre comercio las economías de Estados Unidos de Norteamérica (EEUU) y la Unión Europea (UE) vienen consiguiendo un estándar más elevado de protección de los derechos de propiedad intelectual que amplían indebidamente los derechos monopólicos de la gran industria farmacéutica, restringiendo la competencia y limitando el acceso a nuevos medicamentos genéricos. El Perú no ha sido ajeno a este proceso, suscribiendo un tratado de libre comercio con EEUU denominado Acuerdo de Promoción Comercial (APC) que involucró el capítulo de propiedad intelectual, así mismo, está negociando un segundo tratado comercial con la UE. En ambos casos las propuestas presentadas han sido lesivas para el acceso a medicamentos, expresadas en cláusulas de Aspectos de Propiedad Intelectual Relacionados con el Comercio Plus (ADPIC Plus). Para algunos analistas, existe cierta complementariedad entre las pretensiones de EEUU y la UE, mientras que el primero consigue aumentar los estándares sustantivos como la protección de datos de prueba (conseguido en el APC), la UE conseguiría fortalecer la observancia asegurando la aplicación de las obligaciones contraídas. Esto resultaría en una escalada de la industria farmacéutica por ampliar los derechos de protección de la propiedad intelectual. El Estado Peruano debe asegurar el acceso a medicamentos a través de políticas públicas que promuevan la competencia asegurando la introducción de genéricos al mercado. Para ello, es necesario prevenir nuevas obligaciones que atenten contra el acceso a éstos, no aceptando nuevos mecanismos de protección de los derechos de propiedad intelectual dentro de los tratados de libre comercio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud (Peru) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Languages:
      – Code: spa
        Text: Spanish
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 530
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: FREE trade
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: DRUG accessibility
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: INTELLECTUAL property
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: PHARMACEUTICAL industry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: GENERIC drugs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: EUROPEAN Union
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: UNITED States
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: PERU
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: TRATADOS COMERCIALES Y ACCESO A MEDICAMENTOS EN EL PERÚ.
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              M: 10
              Text: 2009
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