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Critical analysis of cystic echinococcosis control programs and praziquantel use in South America, 1974-2010.

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Title: Critical analysis of cystic echinococcosis control programs and praziquantel use in South America, 1974-2010.
Alternate Title: Análisis crítico de los programas de control de la equinococosis quística y uso del prazicuantel en América del Sur, 1974-2010.
Authors: Larrieu, Edmundo1 elarrieu@salud.rionegro.gov.ar, Zanini, Fabian2
Source: Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública. Jan2012, Vol. 31 Issue 1, p81-87. 7p.
Subjects: PREVENTIVE medicine, MORTALITY prevention, ISOQUINOLINE, DISEASE vectors, DOGS, MAPS, PUBLIC health surveillance, ECHINOCOCCOSIS, SHEEP, STRATEGIC planning, VITAL statistics, ZOONOSES, DISEASE prevalence, ECONOMICS, PREVENTION, INFECTIOUS disease transmission, THERAPEUTICS
Geographic Terms: SOUTH America
Abstract (English): Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most prevalent zoonoses in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, and Uruguay. Control programs in South America were originally modeled after programs developed in insular territories, such as Tasmania and New Zealand. The advent and proven effectiveness of praziquantel, plus the experience of insular models, produced high expectations for rapid advances; however, after 30 years of praziquantel use, no endemic area in South America has obtained eradication. In fact, only modest gains in CE control have been made and impact on prevalence among humans has been slight. A major impediment has been the infrastructure needed to administer praziquantel to dogs in rural areas 8 times per year over numerous years, a requirement for rapid attack stage 1. Such an infrastructure has not been financially or politically sustainable in endemic areas, which tend to be the poorest. On the other hand, certain areas in Argentina have had success with simple and economically viable alternatives. Based primarily on continuous field work supported by the local community, these strategies have significantly decreased transmission to humans, the health sector's main objective. In addition, new possibilities and tools, such as the EG95 vaccine, are being evaluated; as are early detection and treatment of asymptomatic carriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): La equinococosis quística (EQ) es una de las zoonosis más prevalentes en Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Perú y Uruguay. Los programas de control en América del Sur fueron originalmente hechos a imitación de los programas desarrollados en territorios insulares, como Tasmania y Nueva Zelandia. El advenimiento y la eficacia comprobada del prazicuantel, sumados a la experiencia de los modelos insulares, dieron lugar a altas expectativas de adelantos rápidos; sin embargo, después de 30 años de uso del prazicuantel, ninguna zona endémica en América del Sur ha logrado la erradicación de la enfermedad. De hecho, solo se han obtenido avances moderados en el control de la EQ, y su repercusión sobre la prevalencia en seres humanos ha sido leve. Un impedimento mayor ha sido la infraestructura necesaria para administrar el prazicuantel a los perros en zonas rurales 8 veces por año durante varios años, un requisito para el estadio 1 de ataque rápido. Tal infraestructura no ha sido sostenible desde el punto de vista económico o político en las zonas endémicas, que tienden a ser las más pobres. Por otro lado, ciertas áreas de la Argentina han tenido éxito con opciones sencillas y económicamente viables. Basadas principalmente en el trabajo continuo en el terreno apoyado por la comunidad local, estas estrategias han reducido significativamente la transmisión a los seres humanos, que es el objetivo principal del sector de la salud. Además, se están evaluando nuevas posibilidades y herramientas, como la vacuna EG95, al igual que la detección temprana y el tratamiento de los portadores asintomáticos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública is the property of Pan American Health Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Critical analysis of cystic echinococcosis control programs and praziquantel use in South America, 1974-2010.
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  Data: Análisis crítico de los programas de control de la equinococosis quística y uso del prazicuantel en América del Sur, 1974-2010.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Larrieu%2C+Edmundo%22">Larrieu, Edmundo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> elarrieu@salud.rionegro.gov.ar</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zanini%2C+Fabian%22">Zanini, Fabian</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>
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  Data: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most prevalent zoonoses in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, and Uruguay. Control programs in South America were originally modeled after programs developed in insular territories, such as Tasmania and New Zealand. The advent and proven effectiveness of praziquantel, plus the experience of insular models, produced high expectations for rapid advances; however, after 30 years of praziquantel use, no endemic area in South America has obtained eradication. In fact, only modest gains in CE control have been made and impact on prevalence among humans has been slight. A major impediment has been the infrastructure needed to administer praziquantel to dogs in rural areas 8 times per year over numerous years, a requirement for rapid attack stage 1. Such an infrastructure has not been financially or politically sustainable in endemic areas, which tend to be the poorest. On the other hand, certain areas in Argentina have had success with simple and economically viable alternatives. Based primarily on continuous field work supported by the local community, these strategies have significantly decreased transmission to humans, the health sector's main objective. In addition, new possibilities and tools, such as the EG95 vaccine, are being evaluated; as are early detection and treatment of asymptomatic carriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Spanish)
  Group: Ab
  Data: La equinococosis quística (EQ) es una de las zoonosis más prevalentes en Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Perú y Uruguay. Los programas de control en América del Sur fueron originalmente hechos a imitación de los programas desarrollados en territorios insulares, como Tasmania y Nueva Zelandia. El advenimiento y la eficacia comprobada del prazicuantel, sumados a la experiencia de los modelos insulares, dieron lugar a altas expectativas de adelantos rápidos; sin embargo, después de 30 años de uso del prazicuantel, ninguna zona endémica en América del Sur ha logrado la erradicación de la enfermedad. De hecho, solo se han obtenido avances moderados en el control de la EQ, y su repercusión sobre la prevalencia en seres humanos ha sido leve. Un impedimento mayor ha sido la infraestructura necesaria para administrar el prazicuantel a los perros en zonas rurales 8 veces por año durante varios años, un requisito para el estadio 1 de ataque rápido. Tal infraestructura no ha sido sostenible desde el punto de vista económico o político en las zonas endémicas, que tienden a ser las más pobres. Por otro lado, ciertas áreas de la Argentina han tenido éxito con opciones sencillas y económicamente viables. Basadas principalmente en el trabajo continuo en el terreno apoyado por la comunidad local, estas estrategias han reducido significativamente la transmisión a los seres humanos, que es el objetivo principal del sector de la salud. Además, se están evaluando nuevas posibilidades y herramientas, como la vacuna EG95, al igual que la detección temprana y el tratamiento de los portadores asintomáticos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública is the property of Pan American Health Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=lth&AN=72437749
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1590/S1020-49892012000100012
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 7
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: PREVENTIVE medicine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: MORTALITY prevention
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: ISOQUINOLINE
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      – SubjectFull: DISEASE vectors
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      – SubjectFull: DOGS
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      – SubjectFull: MAPS
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      – SubjectFull: PUBLIC health surveillance
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      – SubjectFull: ECHINOCOCCOSIS
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      – SubjectFull: STRATEGIC planning
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      – SubjectFull: VITAL statistics
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      – SubjectFull: ZOONOSES
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      – SubjectFull: DISEASE prevalence
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      – SubjectFull: ECONOMICS
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      – SubjectFull: PREVENTION
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      – SubjectFull: INFECTIOUS disease transmission
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      – SubjectFull: THERAPEUTICS
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      – SubjectFull: SOUTH America
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Critical analysis of cystic echinococcosis control programs and praziquantel use in South America, 1974-2010.
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              Text: Jan2012
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