Global, regional, and national levels and causes of maternal mortality during 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.
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| Title: | Global, regional, and national levels and causes of maternal mortality during 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. |
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| Authors: | Kassebaum NJ; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA; Pediatric Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: nickjk@uw.edu., Bertozzi-Villa A; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Coggeshall MS; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Shackelford KA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Steiner C; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Heuton KR; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Gonzalez-Medina D; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Barber R; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Huynh C; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Dicker D; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Templin T; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Wolock TM; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Ozgoren AA; Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, Ankara, Turkey., Abd-Allah F; Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt., Abera SF; School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia., Abubakar I; University College London, London, UK., Achoki T; Ministry of Health, Gaborone, Botswana., Adelekan A; Public Health Promotion Alliance, Osogbp, Nigeria., Ademi Z; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Adou AK; Association Ivoirienne Pour Le Bien Etre Familial, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire., Adsuar JC; University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain., Agardh EE; Institution of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden., Akena D; Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Alasfoor D; Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman., Alemu ZA; Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Amhara, Ethiopia., Alfonso-Cristancho R; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Alhabib S; National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Ali R; University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Al Kahbouri MJ; Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman., Alla F; School of Public Health, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France., Allen PJ; Ministry of Health, Belmopan, Cayo, Belize., AlMazroa MA; Saudi Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alsharif U; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Alvarez E; Spanish Observatory on Drugs, Government Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs, Madrid, Spain; Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality, Madrid, Spain., Alvis-Guzmán N; Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia., Amankwaa AA; Albany State University, Albany, GA, USA., Amare AT; Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia., Amini H; Kurdistan Environmental Health Research Centre, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran., Ammar W; Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon., Antonio CA; College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines., Anwari P; UN Population Fund, Kabul, Afghanistan., Arnlöv J; Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Arsenijevic VS; Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia., Artaman A; Median, Windsor, ON, Canada., Asad MM; Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan., Asghar RJ; Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Islamabad, Pakistan., Assadi R; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Atkins LS; Ministry Of Health, Wellness, Human Services and Gender Relations, Sans Souci, Castries, Saint Lucia., Badawi A; Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada., Balakrishnan K; Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India., Basu A; School of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand., Basu S; Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA., Beardsley J; Oxford University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam., Bedi N; College of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan, Saudi Arabia., Bekele T; Madawalabu University, Bale Goba, Oromia, Ethiopia., Bell ML; Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA., Bernabe E; King's College London, London, UK., Beyene TJ; Addis Ababa University, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia., Bhutta Z; Aga Khan University Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan., Bin Abdulhak A; University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA., Blore JD; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Basara BB; General Directorate of Health Research, Ankara, Turkey., Bose D; World Bank, Washington, DC, USA., Breitborde N; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA., Cárdenas R; Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico., Castañeda-Orjuela CA; Colombian National Health Observatory, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogota, Colombia., Castro RE; Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile., Catalá-López F; Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance, Spanish Medicines and Healthcare Products Agency, Madrid, Spain., Cavlin A; Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, Ankara, Turkey., Chang JC; National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan., Che X; National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA., Christophi CA; Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus., Chugh SS; Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Cirillo M; University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy., Colquhoun SM; Centre for International Child Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Cooper LT; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA., Cooper C; Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK., da Costa Leite I; National School of Public Health (ENSP/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Dandona L; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA; Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India., Dandona R; Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India., Davis A; Public Health England, London, UK., Dayama A; School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA., Degenhardt L; University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia., De Leo D; Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia., del Pozo-Cruz B; University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Deribe K; Addis Ababa University, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia., Dessalegn M; Africa Medical and Research Foundation in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., deVeber GA; Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Dharmaratne SD; University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka., Dilmen U; General Directorate of Health Research, Ankara, Turkey., Ding EL; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA., Dorrington RE; University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Driscoll TR; Sydney School of Public Health, NSW, Australia., Ermakov SP; The Institute of Social and Economic Studies of Population at the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia., Esteghamati A; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Faraon EJ; College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines., Farzadfar F; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Felicio MM; Departamento de Saúde Pública, ARS Norte IP, Porto, Portugal., Fereshtehnejad SM; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., de Lima GM; Public Health Department, Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, Porto, Portugal., Forouzanfar MH; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., França EB; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil., Gaffikin L; School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA., Gambashidze K; National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia., Gankpé FG; Clinique Coopérative de Parakou, Parakou, Borgou, Benin., Garcia AC; Public Health Unit of Primary Health Care Group of Almada-Seixal, Almada, Setúbal, Portugal., Geleijnse JM; Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands., Gibney KB; Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Giroud M; University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France., Glaser EL; Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Waltham, MA, USA., Goginashvili K; Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Affairs, Tbilisi, Georgia., Gona P; University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA., González-Castell D; National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Goto A; Department of Diabetes Research, National Centre for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan., Gouda HN; University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia., Gugnani HC; Saint James School of Medicine, Kralendijk, Bonaire, Netherlands., Gupta R; Kanawha Charleston Health Department, Charleston, WV, USA., Gupta R; Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur, India., Hafezi-Nejad N; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hamadeh RR; Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain., Hammami M; Wayne County Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, USA., Hankey GJ; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia., Harb HL; Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon., Havmoeller R; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Hay SI; University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Pi IB; National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Hoek HW; Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, Netherlands., Hosgood HD; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA., Hoy DG; School of Population Health, QLD, Australia; Public Health Division, Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Noumea, New Caledonia., Husseini A; Birzeit University, Birzeit, Ramallah, Palestine., Idrisov BT; Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA., Innos K; National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia., Inoue M; Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan., Jacobsen KH; George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA., Jahangir E; Ochsner Medical Centre, New Orleans, LA, USA., Jee SH; Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea., Jensen PN; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Jha V; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India., Jiang G; Tianjin Centres for Diseases Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China., Jonas JB; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany., Juel K; National Institute of Public Health, Copenhagen, Denmark., Kabagambe EK; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA., Kan H; Fudan University, Shanghai, China., Karam NE; University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon., Karch A; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany., Karema CK; Malaria and Other Parasitic Diseases Division, Kigali, Rwanda., Kaul A; Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK, USA., Kawakami N; School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan., Kazanjan K; National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia., Kazi DS; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Kemp AH; University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Kengne AP; South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa., Kereselidze M; National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia., Khader YS; Jordan University of Science and Technology, Al-Ramtha, Jordan., Khalifa SE; Supreme Council of Health, Doha, Qatar., Khan EA; Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan., Khang YH; Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea., Knibbs L; University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia., Kokubo Y; Department of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Centre, Suita, Japan., Kosen S; Centre for Community Empowerment, Health Policy and Humanities, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia., Defo BK; University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada., Kulkarni C; Rajrajeshwari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, India., Kulkarni VS; Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, USA., Kumar GA; Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India., Kumar K; International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India., Kumar RB; Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurgaon, India., Kwan G; Boston Medical Centre, Boston, MA, USA., Lai T; Fourth View Consulting, Tallinn, Estonia., Lalloo R; Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health (ARCPOH), School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia., Lam H; Institute of Health Policy and Development Studies, National Institutes of Health, Manila, Philippines., Lansingh VC; International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness and Vision 2020, Weston, FL, USA., Larsson A; Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Lee JT; Korea University, Seoul, South Korea., Leigh J; University of Sydney, NSW, Australia., Leinsalu M; National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia., Leung R; University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA., Li X; National Centre for Birth Defects Monitoring of China, Chengdu, China., Li Y; National Centre for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China., Li Y; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA., Liang J; National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China., Liang X; Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China., Lim SS; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Lin HH; College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan., Lipshultz SE; Wayne State University, Miami, FL, USA., Liu S; National Centre for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China., Liu Y; University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Centre, Quezon City, Philippines., Lloyd BK; Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., London SJ; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA., Lotufo PA; University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Ma J; National Centre for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China., Ma S; Ministry of Health Singapore, Singapore, Singapore., Machado VM; Northern Region Health Administration, Porto, Portugal., Mainoo NK; Xpharmconsult, Kumasi, Ghana., Majdan M; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia., Mapoma CC; University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia., Marcenes W; Queen Mary University of London, London, UK., Marzan MB; University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Centre, Quezon City, Philippines., Mason-Jones AJ; University of York, York, UK., Mehndiratta MM; Janakpuri Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India., Mejia-Rodriguez F; National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Memish ZA; Saudi Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Mendoza W; UN Population Fund, Lima, Peru., Miller TR; Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, MD, USA., Mills EJ; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada., Mokdad AH; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Mola GL; University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea., Monasta L; Institute for Maternal and Child Health Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy., de la Cruz Monis J; Bureau of International Health Cooperation, Manila City, Philippines., Hernandez JC; National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Moore AR; University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA., Moradi-Lakeh M; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA; Iran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, Tehran, Iran., Mori R; National Centre for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan., Mueller UO; Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany., Mukaigawara M; Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan., Naheed A; International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Naidoo KS; University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa., Nand D; Ministry of Health Fiji, Suva, Fiji., Nangia V; Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India., Nash D; School of Public Health, State University of New York, New York, NY, USA., Nejjari C; Faculty of Medicine, Fez, Morocco., Nelson RG; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Neupane SP; Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Newton CR; Kenya Medical Research Institute Wellcome Trust Programme, Kilifi, Kenya., Ng M; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Nieuwenhuijsen MJ; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain., Nisar MI; Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan., Nolte S; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Norheim OF; University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Nyakarahuka L; Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Oh IH; Kyung Hee Unversity, Seoul, South Korea., Ohkubo T; Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan., Olusanya BO; Centre for Healthy Start Initiative, Lagos, Nigeria., Omer SB; Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA., Opio JN; Lira District Local Government, Lira Municipal Council, Lira, Uganda., Orisakwe OE; Toxicology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria., Pandian JD; Christian Medical College Ludhiana, Ludhiana, India., Papachristou C; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Park JH; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea., Caicedo AJ; Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia., Patten SB; University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada., Paul VK; All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India., Pavlin BI; WHO, Waigani, Papua New Guinea., Pearce N; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Pereira DM; 3B's Research Group in Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, and ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga Portugal., Pesudovs K; Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia., Petzold M; Centre for Applied Biostatistics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden., Poenaru D; McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada., Polanczyk GV; University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Polinder S; Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Public Health, Rotterdam, Netherlands., Pope D; University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK., Pourmalek F; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Qato D; College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA., Quistberg DA; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Rafay A; Contech International, Lahore, Pakistan., Rahimi K; University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Rahimi-Movaghar V; Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., ur Rahman S; Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar., Raju M; University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA., Rana SM; Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan., Refaat A; Walden University, Minneapolis, MN, USA., Ronfani L; Institute for Maternal and Child Health Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy., Roy N; Bhaba Atomic Research Center Hospital, Mumbai, India., Pimienta TG; National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Sahraian MA; MS Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Salomon JA; Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA., Sampson U; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA., Santos IS; University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Sawhney M; Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA., Sayinzoga F; Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda., Schneider IJ; Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil., Schumacher A; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Schwebel DC; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Seedat S; Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa., Sepanlou SG; Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Servan-Mori EE; National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Shakh-Nazarova M; National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia., Sheikhbahaei S; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shibuya K; University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan., Shin HH; Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada., Shiue I; Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK., Sigfusdottir ID; Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland., Silberberg DH; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Silva AP; Instituto Nacional de Epidemiología Dr Juan H Jara, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Singh JA; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Skirbekk V; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway., Sliwa K; Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa., Soshnikov SS; Federal Research Institute for Health Organisation and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia., Sposato LA; Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada., Sreeramareddy CT; University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia., Stroumpoulis K; Hellenic Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (KEELPNO) Greece, Athens, Greece., Sturua L; National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia., Sykes BL; Department of Criminology, Law and Society (and Sociology), University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA., Tabb KM; University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA., Talongwa RT; Ministry of Public Health, Yaounde, Cameroon., Tan F; National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Beijing, China., Teixeira CM; Departamento de Saúde Pública, ARS Norte IP, Porto, Portugal., Tenkorang EY; Memorial University, St John's, NL, Canada., Terkawi AS; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Thorne-Lyman AL; The Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA., Tirschwell DL; Department of Neurology, Seattle, WA, USA., Towbin JA; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Centre, Cincinnati, OH, USA., Tran BX; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Tsilimbaris M; Department of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece., Uchendu US; Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA., Ukwaja KN; Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Abakaliki, Nigeria., Undurraga EA; Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA., Uzun SB; Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey., Vallely AJ; The Kirby Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia., van Gool CH; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands., Vasankari TJ; UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland., Vavilala MS; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Venketasubramanian N; Neuroscience Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore., Villalpando S; National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Violante FS; University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Vlassov VV; Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia., Vos T; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Waller S; Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA., Wang H; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Wang L; National Centre for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China., Wang X; Shandong University Affiliated Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China., Wang Y; National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China., Weichenthal S; Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada., Weiderpass E; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden., Weintraub RG; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Westerman R; Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany., Wilkinson JD; University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA., Woldeyohannes SM; Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia., Wong JQ; Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health, City of Pasig, Manila, Philippines., Wordofa MA; Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia., Xu G; Nanjing University School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China., Yang YC; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Yano Y; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan., Yentur GK; General Directorate of Health Research, Ankara, Turkey., Yip P; University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China., Yonemoto N; National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan., Yoon SJ; Korea University, Seoul, South Korea., Younis MZ; Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA., Yu C; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China., Jin KY; TCM Medical Tk, Nusajaya, Johor Bahru, Malaysia., El Sayed Zaki M; Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt., Zhao Y; Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China., Zheng Y; Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China., Zhou M; National Centre for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China., Zhu J; National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China., Zou XN; Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China., Lopez AD; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Naghavi M; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Murray CJ; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA., Lozano R; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA; National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico. |
| Source: | Lancet (London, England) [Lancet] 2014 Sep 13; Vol. 384 (9947), pp. 980-1004. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 May 02. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 2985213R Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1474-547X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01406736 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Lancet Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Database: | MEDLINE Ultimate |
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