Value Driven Outcomes (VDO): a pragmatic, modular, and extensible software framework for understanding and improving health care costs and outcomes. - Kawamoto K; Martin CJ; Williams K; Tu MC; Park CG; Hunter C; Staes CJ; Bray BE; Deshmukh VG; Holbrook RA; Morris SJ; Fedderson MB; et al. (Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA, 2015)