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Cleft lip/palate and educational attainment: cause, consequence or correlation? A Mendelian randomization study.

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Title: Cleft lip/palate and educational attainment: cause, consequence or correlation? A Mendelian randomization study.
Authors: Dardani C; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Howe LJ; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK., Mukhopadhyay N; Centre for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Stergiakouli E; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Wren Y; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Bristol Speech and Language Therapy Research Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK., Humphries K; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Davies A; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Ho K; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Bristol Bioresource Laboratories, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Weinberg SM; Centre for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Marazita ML; Centre for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Mangold E; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany., Ludwig KU; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.; Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany., Relton CL; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Davey Smith G; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Lewis SJ; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Sandy J; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Dean of the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Davies NM; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Sharp GC; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Source: International journal of epidemiology [Int J Epidemiol] 2020 Aug 01; Vol. 49 (4), pp. 1282-1293.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Info: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7802871 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1464-3685 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03005771 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Epidemiol Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Cleft lip/palate and educational attainment: cause, consequence or correlation? A Mendelian randomization study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Dardani+C%22">Dardani C</searchLink>; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Howe+LJ%22">Howe LJ</searchLink>; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mukhopadhyay+N%22">Mukhopadhyay N</searchLink>; Centre for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Stergiakouli+E%22">Stergiakouli E</searchLink>; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wren+Y%22">Wren Y</searchLink>; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Bristol Speech and Language Therapy Research Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Humphries+K%22">Humphries K</searchLink>; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Davies+A%22">Davies A</searchLink>; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ho+K%22">Ho K</searchLink>; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Bristol Bioresource Laboratories, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Weinberg+SM%22">Weinberg SM</searchLink>; Centre for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Marazita+ML%22">Marazita ML</searchLink>; Centre for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mangold+E%22">Mangold E</searchLink>; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ludwig+KU%22">Ludwig KU</searchLink>; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.; Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Relton+CL%22">Relton CL</searchLink>; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Davey+Smith+G%22">Davey Smith G</searchLink>; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lewis+SJ%22">Lewis SJ</searchLink>; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sandy+J%22">Sandy J</searchLink>; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Dean of the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Davies+NM%22">Davies NM</searchLink>; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sharp+GC%22">Sharp GC</searchLink>; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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