Cleft lip/palate and educational attainment: cause, consequence or correlation? A Mendelian randomization study.
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| Title: | Cleft lip/palate and educational attainment: cause, consequence or correlation? A Mendelian randomization study. |
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| Authors: | Dardani C; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Howe LJ; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK., Mukhopadhyay N; Centre for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Stergiakouli E; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Wren Y; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Bristol Speech and Language Therapy Research Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK., Humphries K; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Davies A; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Ho K; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Bristol Bioresource Laboratories, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Weinberg SM; Centre for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Marazita ML; Centre for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Mangold E; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany., Ludwig KU; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.; Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany., Relton CL; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Davey Smith G; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Lewis SJ; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Sandy J; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Dean of the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Davies NM; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Sharp GC; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. |
| Source: | International journal of epidemiology [Int J Epidemiol] 2020 Aug 01; Vol. 49 (4), pp. 1282-1293. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7802871 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1464-3685 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03005771 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Epidemiol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Database: | MEDLINE Ultimate |
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| ISSN: | 1464-3685 |
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| DOI: | 10.1093/ije/dyaa047 |
