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Identifying heterogeneity of treatment effect for antibiotic duration in bloodstream infection: an exploratory post-hoc analysis of the BALANCE randomised clinical trial.

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Title: Identifying heterogeneity of treatment effect for antibiotic duration in bloodstream infection: an exploratory post-hoc analysis of the BALANCE randomised clinical trial.
Authors: Ong SWX; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, At the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Pinto R; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Rishu A; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Tong SYC; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, At the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Commons RJ; Global Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.; General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia., Conly JM; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada., Evans GA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada., Fralick M; Division of General Internal Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Kandel C; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Division of Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Lagacé-Wiens PRS; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada., Lee TC; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada., Lother SA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada., MacFadden DR; Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada., Marshall JC; Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Martel-Laferrière V; Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Mayette M; University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada., McDonald EG; Division of General Internal Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada., Neary JD; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada., Prazak J; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland., Raby E; Department of Infectious Diseases, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia., Regli A; Intensive Care Unit, SJOG Murdoch Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia., Rogers BA; Monash University School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Smith S; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada., Taggart LR; Division of Infectious Diseases, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Wang HT; Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Wuerz T; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada., Yahav D; Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel., Young PJ; Intensive Care Unit, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand.; Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand., Fowler RA; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Daneman N; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Corporate Authors: BALANCE trial consortium
Source: EClinicalMedicine [EClinicalMedicine] 2025 Apr 10; Vol. 83, pp. 103195. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Apr 10 (Print Publication: 2025).
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: The Lancet Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101733727 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2589-5370 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25895370 NLM ISO Abbreviation: EClinicalMedicine Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
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  Data: Identifying heterogeneity of treatment effect for antibiotic duration in bloodstream infection: an exploratory post-hoc analysis of the BALANCE randomised clinical trial.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ong+SWX%22">Ong SWX</searchLink>; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, At the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pinto+R%22">Pinto R</searchLink>; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rishu+A%22">Rishu A</searchLink>; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tong+SYC%22">Tong SYC</searchLink>; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Melbourne, At the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Commons+RJ%22">Commons RJ</searchLink>; Global Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.; General and Subspecialty Medicine, Grampians Health, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Conly+JM%22">Conly JM</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Evans+GA%22">Evans GA</searchLink>; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fralick+M%22">Fralick M</searchLink>; Division of General Internal Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kandel+C%22">Kandel C</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Division of Infectious Diseases, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lagacé-Wiens+PRS%22">Lagacé-Wiens PRS</searchLink>; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lee+TC%22">Lee TC</searchLink>; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lother+SA%22">Lother SA</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22MacFadden+DR%22">MacFadden DR</searchLink>; Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Marshall+JC%22">Marshall JC</searchLink>; Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Martel-Laferrière+V%22">Martel-Laferrière V</searchLink>; Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mayette+M%22">Mayette M</searchLink>; University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22McDonald+EG%22">McDonald EG</searchLink>; Division of General Internal Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Neary+JD%22">Neary JD</searchLink>; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Prazak+J%22">Prazak J</searchLink>; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Raby+E%22">Raby E</searchLink>; Department of Infectious Diseases, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Regli+A%22">Regli A</searchLink>; Intensive Care Unit, SJOG Murdoch Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rogers+BA%22">Rogers BA</searchLink>; Monash University School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Smith+S%22">Smith S</searchLink>; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Taggart+LR%22">Taggart LR</searchLink>; Division of Infectious Diseases, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+HT%22">Wang HT</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wuerz+T%22">Wuerz T</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yahav+D%22">Yahav D</searchLink>; Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Young+PJ%22">Young PJ</searchLink>; Intensive Care Unit, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand.; Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fowler+RA%22">Fowler RA</searchLink>; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Daneman+N%22">Daneman N</searchLink>; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101733727%22">EClinicalMedicine</searchLink> [EClinicalMedicine] 2025 Apr 10; Vol. 83, pp. 103195. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2025 Apr 10 (<i>Print Publication: </i>2025).
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